Thesis (MScEng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of the thesis is to compare results obtained from a finite element analysis method (FEM) to experimental results of a 12.2m long semi-trailer driven off-road. Semi-trailers are of great importance in the transport industry. Furthermore, the need to obtain optimum and reliable semitrailers in this crucial stream of industry is indispensable. The work focuses on comparing the two results so that the finite element method may be used as design analysis and redesigning tool as a substitute to testing. The semi-trailer was driven on a relatively rough off-road at different speeds, at 70kmlh, 50kmlh and 40kmlh loaded with about 12 tonnes of brick pallets. The forces at the suspension of the semitrailer and strains at different parts were measured with the help of strain gauges and other data acquisition equipment. A finite element model of the semi-trailer was modelled in Nastran for Windows. The trailer parameters in the finite element were tuned to curve fit the test results. A comparison of the two /' results was made based on the average of absolute values and standard deviation, to verify the validity of the finite element model. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die tesis is om die resultate wat verkry is deur eindige element metodes (EEM) met eksperimentele resultate van 'n 12.2 m lang leunwa wat bestuur is op 'n grondpad te vergelyk. Leunwaens is baie belangrik vir die vervoer industrie. Verder is die behoefte om optimum en betroubare leunwaens in die industrie te vervaardig baie nodig. Die werk fokus daarop om die 2 resultate te vergelyk sodat die EEM gebruik kan word as ontwerp analiese en herontwerp gereedskapstuk en as 'n vervanging vir toetsing. Die leunwa was op 'n redelike rowwe pad teen verskillende snelhede nl. 70km/h, 50km/h en 40km/h met 'n 12 ton baksteen vrag gery. Die kragte by die suspensie van die leunwa en die vervorming by verskillende onderdele is gemeet met behulp van rekstrokies en ander data versamelings toerusting 'n Eindige element model van die leunwa is gemodelleer in "Nastran for Windows". Die sleepwa parameters in die eindige element model is verstel d.m.v krommepassing van die toets resultate. 'n Vergelyking van die 2 resultate is gebasseer op die gemiddelde van die absolute waardes en standaard afwykings, om die geldigheid van die eindige element model te kontroleer.

Thesis (MEng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The finite element technique was used to do an in-depth design evaluation and optimisation of a 15.45-metre refrigerated semi-trailer. Although the emphasis is placed on finite element modelling and its application on a heavy transport vehicle, the paper covers the whole design evaluation and redesign process. Special consideration is also given to the manufacturing process as to ensure that the data generated can be implemented in an effective manner. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Eindige element spanrungs analises was gedoen op 'n 15.45-meter verkoelingsleunwa. Die doelwit was om die huidige ontwerp te evalueer en die ontwerp veral vanuit 'n koste en sterkte oogpunt te optimeer. Die fokus van hierdie tesis is die eindige element analises en ontwerpskommentaar hierop gebaseer. Die verhandeling hanteer egter die hele ontwerp en vervaardigingsproses sodat die data hierin versamel en verwerk, prakties uitgevoer kan word.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal. / Pour respecter les droits d'auteur, la version électronique de cette thèse ou ce mémoire a été dépouillée, le cas échéant, de ses documents visuels et audio-visuels. La version intégrale de la thèse ou du mémoire a été déposée au Service de la gestion des documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

<p>The aim of this paper is to examine the American movie trailer particularly its history, marketing and functions, presented as an historical overview from the serials of the early 1910s to the trailers of today. A trailer from each decade of the twentieth- and twenty-first centuries is selected which represent typical trends and shows how trailers historically functioned, including their formal, generic differences.</p><p>The introduction focuses on the market in which the trailer operates, and raises the issue of the entertainment value of art or marketing, how the film industry works and to role of advertising. The second part of the introduction focuses on the development of film stars, and their importance in trailer campaigns. This brings in the question of the growth of Hollywood and new media forms/technologies. The manner in which new media also create a new type of audience is considered, which demonstrates how the trailers capture audience attention in new ways.</p><p>The second part of the paper focuses on the history of the trailer and examines typical structures, of the different periods.</p><p>The third part analyses how different trailers operate, and how the trailer industry stands at the beginning of a new era, the so-called Post-interactive era, which is discussed with regard to Spider-Man 2 and The Da Vinci Code.</p>

The aim of this paper is to examine the American movie trailer particularly its history, marketing and functions, presented as an historical overview from the serials of the early 1910s to the trailers of today. A trailer from each decade of the twentieth- and twenty-first centuries is selected which represent typical trends and shows how trailers historically functioned, including their formal, generic differences. The introduction focuses on the market in which the trailer operates, and raises the issue of the entertainment value of art or marketing, how the film industry works and to role of advertising. The second part of the introduction focuses on the development of film stars, and their importance in trailer campaigns. This brings in the question of the growth of Hollywood and new media forms/technologies. The manner in which new media also create a new type of audience is considered, which demonstrates how the trailers capture audience attention in new ways. The second part of the paper focuses on the history of the trailer and examines typical structures, of the different periods. The third part analyses how different trailers operate, and how the trailer industry stands at the beginning of a new era, the so-called Post-interactive era, which is discussed with regard to Spider-Man 2 and The Da Vinci Code.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal / Pour respecter les droits d'auteur, la version électronique de cette thèse ou ce mémoire a été dépouillée, le cas échéant, de ses documents visuels et audio-visuels. La version intégrale de la thèse ou du mémoire a été déposée au Service de la gestion des documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

South African heavy vehicles are currently designed according to prescriptive standards designed and enforced by the National Department of Transport (DoT); these standards are regulated in terms of mass, dimensions and vehicle configuration. However, the current prescriptive standards leave little room for innovation in terms of heavy vehicle design. Performance Based Standards, or PBS, is a new Australian based innovative alternative to the current heavy vehicle prescriptive standards, mass, dimensions and vehicle configuration. PBS seeks to align actual vehicle performance efficiencies, productivity and safety objectives as well as road and bridge infrastructure to the current road network. Vehicle performance measures are based on engineering and science, supporting superior safety and known road and bridge wear performance criteria. PBS produces “a result orientated approach” to improved heavy vehicle operations and safety rather than a „one size fits all approach‟ utilised by the current prescriptive legislation. Currently, dynamic vehicle simulations are not carried out on South African manufactured vehicle combinations. Evidence exists that this has, in some cases, resulted in safety compromises. The computer dynamic vehicle simulation technology developed and validated could be employed for the credible assessments of the vehicle design concepts/prototypes for compliance with PBS. This service, which includes vehicle performance simulation and testing, development of high productivity vehicle concepts, assessment and development of risk management strategies, advice on safety and productivity issues, would have a substantial commercialisation potential for the implementation in the larger transport industry in South Africa. / Thesis (M.Sc.Eng.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2009.

The primary intention of this paper was to visually compare film trailers without considering semantic information, through use of a self-developed Matlab program, resembling that of human perception. Circa 150 people participated in an online survey where they were shown two film trailers and asked to rate their visual similarities. The result from the program was weighted against the survey results in such a way that the weights corresponded to a 75% accuracy between the program’s and the participant’s (for participants with prior experience in the field of photography and/or film) comparisons. How accurate can we compare still images from film trailers, and find similar trailers for the human viewer, by analyzing saturation, color tone, contrast and lightness with a self-developed Matlab program. / Syftet med undersökningen var att jämföra filmtrailers visuella element, bortsett från semantiskt innehåll, med hjälp av ett egenutvecklat Matlabprogram, likt den mänskliga perceptionen. En undersökning, med cirka 150 deltagare, gjordes via internet där deltagare fick se på två filmtrailers (utav 13 möjliga trailerpar) och gradera dess visuella likhet/olikhet.  Resultatet från programmet viktades sedan mot enkätsvaren sådant att viktningen gav en 75% likhet mellan programmets och deltagarnas (för deltagare med tidigare erfarenhet av foto och film) jämförelser. Det vill säga i tre av fyra fall kunde vårat program hitta samma likhet/olikhet i filmtrailerparet. Hur väl kan vi med programmet Matlab jämföra stillbilder från filmtrailers utifrån färgmättnad, färgton, kontrast, och ljushet, och därmed hitta (för åskådaren) visuellt liknande trailers?

O desenvolvimento de componentes para veículos comerciais geralmente é uma tarefa bastante complexa, principalmente quando se trata de transporte pesado, considerando que são necessários uma série de simulações e diversos testes em campo, em vários tipos de pavimento e condição de carga, onde muitas vezes é necessário rodar milhares de quilômetros para validar um único componente ou subsistema. Este trabalho apresenta uma série de testes realizados com um implemento rodoviário em diferentes tipos de pavimento e condições de carga, bem como o tratamento e avaliação dos dados coletados, com o objetivo de caracterizar o comportamento do chassi do implemento rodoviário nas diferentes aplicações através de suas densidades espectrais. Através de uma avaliação de dados do transporte rodoviário nacional foi definida uma combinação veicular de carga (CVC) que, instrumentada em toda sua extensão longitudinal, foi submetida a uma série de pavimentos como estrada não pavimentada, rodovia pavimentada, pista de buracos, paralelepípedos, seixo rolado, costeletas, pista de torção e lombada, a fim de coletar os níveis de aceleração vertical e frequências de vibração aos quais a massa suspensa do implemento rodoviário é submetida. Para a aplicação em questão, foi definida a faixa de frequência de interesse entre zero e 30Hz. Os sinais foram tratados através de um filtro Butterworth passa-baixa com frequência ótima de corte igual a 45Hz e, por fim, foram geradas PSDs utilizando função janela de Hanning com sobreposição de 50%. Os resultados do trabalho permitiram a diferenciação das aplicações com maior clareza, com vibrações mais críticas na condição vazio entre 2,5Hz e 10Hz, para massa suspensa e na condição carregada entre 9Hz e 14Hz, para massa não suspensa. / Commercial vehicle parts development usually is a quite complex task, mainly for heavy cargo transportation, considering that are necessary several analysis and durability tests, in different roads and load conditions, that commonly requires thousands of kilometers to approve a single component or subsystem. This work presents a truck trailer test series using different pavement types and load conditions, as well as data processing and evaluation, aiming to describe the truck trailer chassis behavior on different applications through its spectral density. Based on the Brazilian road transport data, a load vehicle combination was chosen, instrumented throughout its length and submitted to different pavements as an offroad pavement, highway road pavement, pot holes, Belgian blocks, cobblestones, washboard, body twist track and a single bump track, seeking information regarding to the truck trailer sprung mass vertical acceleration and vibration frequencies. For the application studied, an interest frequency band was defined between zero and 30Hz. The acceleration data was processed using a Butterworth low pass filter with an optimal cutoff frequency at 45Hz and, finally, power spectral densities were created using Hanning window function and 50% as overlap value. The results allowed a clearer detailing of the application efforts, once the most critical sprung mass vibrations occurs at empty condition and are between 2,5Hz and 10Hz, and the most critical unsprung mass vibrations occurs at loaded condition and are between 9Hz and 14Hz.

Submitted by Aelson Maciera (aelsoncm@terra.com.br) on 2017-08-21T20:33:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissFAAJ.pdf: 6287838 bytes, checksum: 751c854a25135ea9779e1ea12099672a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (bco.producao.intelectual@gmail.com) on 2017-12-20T16:01:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissFAAJ.pdf: 6287838 bytes, checksum: 751c854a25135ea9779e1ea12099672a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (bco.producao.intelectual@gmail.com) on 2017-12-20T16:02:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissFAAJ.pdf: 6287838 bytes, checksum: 751c854a25135ea9779e1ea12099672a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-20T16:06:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissFAAJ.pdf: 6287838 bytes, checksum: 751c854a25135ea9779e1ea12099672a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-13 / Não recebi financiamento / The object of study of this dissertation is the film trailer in the context of Brazilian cinematic experience. From a historical perspective, this research clarifies how the relationship between the Brazilian trailer and the U.S. benchmark developed over time, and what were the influences of the imported object, both on the trajectory of the domestic trailer in the market and on its mode of discourse. The main concern was to understand where the trailers fit in the history of Brazilian cinema, a market dominated by U.S. productions. The research methodology used information contained in the archives of periodicals to articulate the context of the trailer in Brazil, focusing on the period in which imported trailers emerged and underwent mass-scale insertions in Brazil. Next, using the film material, case studies were prepared on the Brazilian trailers of the 1940s and the 1950s to identify rhetorical and aesthetic patterns in Brazilian advertisement production. This research hopes to contribute to a better understanding of the circulation (or the problems within the circulation) of Brazilian commercial productions of this period. / Esta dissertação tem como objeto de estudo o trailer de cinema, buscando pensar o contexto da experiência cinematográfica brasileira. Dentro de uma perspectiva histórica, a pesquisa articula como se deu a relação entre o trailer brasileiro e o importado ao longo do tempo, e quais as influências do objeto importado tanto no percurso do trailer brasileiro no mercado, quanto em seu modo de discurso. A preocupação central foi entender de que maneira os trailers se inserem na história do cinema brasileiro, um mercado ocupado pelo produto norte-americano. A metodologia de pesquisa utilizou informação contida em acervos de periódicos para articular um contexto em torno do objeto trailer no Brasil, com foco no período em que os trailers importados surgem e se inserem de forma maciça no país. Em seguida, através do material filmográfico, foram feitos estudos de caso da produção dos anos 1940 e 1950 a fim de identificar padrões retóricos e estéticos nos trailers brasileiros. Desta forma, espera-se contribuir para uma melhor compreensão da circulação (ou dos problemas na circulação) da produção comercial brasileira do período.