Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:16:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2350264 bytes, checksum: 85c8f10eaebe412f5dfa2d7afe370716 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The history of madness exerts an important representation in the idealogic and practices change in the ways that refer to the better offer of assistence to mental sick. In this way are presented the revolutions wich describe important changes at the world level in the Psychiatristic treatment and its contributes to the Italian Revolution and its influence in the process that comes from Brazil, that resulted in the approval law 10.201/2001, of Psychiatric reform. Understanding the Psychiatry as an important piece of power in the strategy of control and the subjection/domination subject in suffering. Psychy it's new ways of to take care must be talked. As a result of these arguments the healthy models come trying to understand the mental sick beyond of the organic aspects as also the subjectives aspects of this. This transition of taking care must be evidenced by means of healthy models: biomedical and biopsychosocial. Considering this logic, we look for here to become important the mental sick as human possibility and its connection to the social order. In the way of this historical construction of the madness, this present dissertation had as a goal to know if the human values and their personality ways explain the attitudes in front of the mental sick. Considerating the human values as main guides of the human actions and being the personality below it. For to do this were done three close studies. The study 1: Had as a goal to construct and to valid a spare of attitudes front the mental sick. A group of two hundred students from healthy area took part in this study (medicine, nursing and psychology) from a public university and other private university from the city of João Pessoa PB. The students were divided for ages between seventeen to forty-nine years old (M 23.67 - DP 5.04. A EAFDM after checked in its expiry meaning and descriminating power (followed the two criteries from Faiser and Catell), was showed structured in two members: Authoritarism (α- 0,81) and benefiting (α 0.75). Thge two factors were explained together 20,8% of variation of the total. The study 2: for its turn, had as a goal to prove the factorial structure of EAFDM giving psychometric evidences stroger to the refered messurement. Counted sample of two hundred and three students with several ages between seventeen to fifty-two years old ( M 23.93 DP 5.54). The results of the factorial analyse confirmatory (AFC) permited to conprove the bifactorial structure of EAFDM, identificated in the study 1 showing indicators od adjust reliable compound satisfactory. To finish, were done the Study 3: Compounding the sample of two hundred and thirty students, professional from the healthy area. They answered to EAFDM questions of the basic values (QVB) The Big Five is a socialdemographic questionary. The analyse return (stepwise) ways to eleboration of a theoric model envolving the values of the under functions experimentation and interactive messuring the ways of personality consciousity and kindness, for its return explaining the attitudes front the madness sick in relation to the factor authoritarism. While the under functions experimentation , rule and interactive messuring the ways of neuroticism. In general, the model shows itself adjusted to the close details. Ending that is fundamental to develop projects with the healthy professionals specially, related to affectivity of public healthy politics to madness sick, and this way driven take back the citizenship of these people and bring them back to society. / A história da loucura exerce importante representação nas transformações ideológicas e práticas no que se refere às iniciativas de melhor oferta de assistência aos doentes mentais. Dessa maneira são apresentadas as revoluções que caracterizaram importantes mudanças a nível mundial no tratamento psiquiátrico, ênfase nas contribuições da Revolução Italiana, e suas influências no processo desencadeado no Brasil, que resultou na sanção da Lei 10.216/2001, de Reforma Psiquiátrica. Compreendendo a psiquiatria como peça de poder na estratégia de controle e dominação/sujeição do indivíduo em sofrimento psíquico é que novas formas de cuidar devem ser dialogadas. Fruto dessas discussões os modelos de saúde vem tentando compreender o doente mental além dos aspectos orgânicos, como também os aspectos subjetivos deste. Essa transição de cuidar pode ser evidenciada por meio dos modelos de saúde: biomédico e biopsicossocial. Considerando essa lógica busca-se aqui enfocar a doença mental como possibilidade humana e sua ligação à ordem social. Em virtude dessa construção histórica da loucura a presente dissertação objetivou saber se os valores humanos e os traços de personalidade explicam as atitudes frente ao doente mental. Considerando os valores humanos como princípios guias das ações humanas e sendo a personalidade subjacente ao mesmo. Para tanto, realizaram-se três estudos empíricos. O Estudo 1 objetivou construir e validar uma medida de atitudes frente ao doente mental (EAFDM), conhecendo evidências de sua validade fatorial e consistência interna. Participaram 200 estudantes da área de saúde (medicina, enfermagem e psicologia) de universidades pública e particular da cidade de João Pessoa-PB. Foram divididos de forma equitativa com idade variando de 17 a 49 anos (M = 23,67; DP = 5,04). A EADM, após ter checado sua validade semântica e poder discriminativo (tendo seguido os critérios de Kaiser e Cattell), apresentou-se estruturado em dois componentes: autoritarismo (α = 0,81) e benevolência (α = 0,75). Os dois fatores explicaram conjuntamente 20,8% da variância total. O Estudo 2, por sua vez, teve como objetivo comprovar a estrutura fatorial da EADM, fornecendo evidências psicométricas mais robustas para referida medida. Contou-se com uma amostra de 203 estudantes com idades variando de 17 a 52 anos (M = 23,93; DP = 5,54). Os resultados da Análise Fatorial Confirmatória (AFC) permitiu comprovar a estrutura bifatorial da EADM, identificado no estudo 1, apresentando indicadores de ajuste e confiabilidade composta (CC) satisfatórios. Por fim, realizou-se o Estudo 3, compondo a amostra de 230 profissionais da área de saúde. Estes responderam a EADM, o Questionário dos Valores Básicos (QVB), o Big Five e um Questionário Sociodemográfico. As análises consistiram em correlação de Pearson (r) e regressão múltipla (stepwise). Foram construídos dois modelos: no primeiro, os traços de personalidade conscienciosidade e amabilidade predizem as subfunções experimentação e interativa, que, por sua vez, explicam o fator autoritarismo das atitudes frente ao doente mental; no segundo, os traços de personalidade neuroticismo predizem as subfunções experimentação e interativa, que explicam o fator benevolência das atitudes frente ao doente mental. No geral, os modelos se mostraram ajustados aos dados empíricos. Conclui-se que é fundamental desenvolver projetos de intervenção junto aos profissionais de saúde, especialmente, com vistas à efetividade das políticas públicas de saúde dirigidas as pessoas com doenças mentais e assim, resgatar a cidadania desses indivíduos e reinseri-los na sociedade.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-06T17:07:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 gilberto vaz.pdf: 2563806 bytes, checksum: 395aafc2c634ff68fb8ad89223c3bd69 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-09-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The objective of this study is to compare the indicators of life habits and the traits of personality of the athletes of juvenile basketball personality, that they dispute competitions of high level in Santa Catarina (Brazil) and Oklahoma (USA). This research of the type 'Applied' it used for analysis and interpretation of the data the quantitative approach, measuring the variables: sex and position in court; and qualitative, comparing and interpreting the data obtained in the questionnaires of life habits and personality traits. The researched population was constituted by athletes with ages among 16 and 18 years, that practice basketball, at least, there is one year. In Santa Catarina, 157 players were researched (76 men; 81 women); in Oklahoma 150 players (75 men; 75 women). The technique of adopted sampling was of the type Random Probabilistic , stratified by location and sex. The used instruments were: for Habits of Life, the questionnaire of Habits of Life in the Childhood and Adolescence (EVIA); for the test of personality lines, BIG FIVE TEST (adapted of the NEO-PI). The results point differences among the researched groups. In the Habits of Life, the most important differences are in the socioeconomic indicators: the athletes american, masculine and feminine, they are distributed in a more balanced way in the classes B1, B2, C, while the brazilians in the classes A1, A2, B2. In practice sporting, in the masculine and feminine groups, it was verified that the american athletes practice more sport than the brazilians. In the time that practices basketball, the brazilian athletes play on average 4 years ago and the americans, 7,3 years ago; the brazilians play on average 4,2 years ago and the americans, 6,4 years ago. The Brazilians train 2h and 30m on average a day, while the Americans train 2h and 45m a day; the brazilians train 2h and 36m on average a day, while the Americans train 2h and 27m a day. In the weekly frequency that practices basketball, the brazilians 4,98 days a week and the americans, 4,86 days a week; in the feminine, the brazilians 4,37 days a week and the americans, 4,56 days a week. The physical indicators, for position in court, present important differences in both researched groups. In all of the positions, in the masculine and feminine groups, the american athletes' IMC belongs superior to the to the brazilians, indicating that the americans are stronger than the brazilians. Different traits of personality exist among the brazilian and american athletes for sex and position in court. The americans present more traits self-confidence, creativity, leadership and motivation in comparison with the brazilians. The brazilians present more traits group spirit in comparison with the americans. The traits of personality self-control, militancy, concentration and sociability are similar between brazilians and americans. It was ended that the american athletes possess more positive qualities associated to the personality that the brazilians. In the feminine group, the American athletes present more traits self-confidence, creativity, militancy, sociability, leadership and motivation in comparison with the brazilians. The traits of personality self-control, group spirit and concentration are similar between brazilians and americans. It was ended that the american athletes possess more positive qualities associated to the personality that the brazilians. / O objetivo deste estudo é comparar os indicadores de hábitos de vida e os traços de personalidade dos atletas de basquetebol juvenil, que disputam competições de alto nível em Santa Catarina (Brasil) e Oklahoma (EUA). Esta pesquisa do tipo Aplicada utilizou para análise e interpretação dos dados a abordagem quantitativa, mensurando as variáveis: sexo e posição em quadra; e qualitativa, comparando e interpretando os dados obtidos nos questionários de hábitos de vida e traços de personalidade. A população pesquisada foi constituída por atletas com idades entre 16 e 18 anos, que praticam basquete, no mínimo, há um ano. Em Santa Catarina, foram pesquisados 157 jogadores (76 homens; 81 mulheres); em Oklahoma 150 jogadores (75 homens; 75 mulheres). A técnica de amostragem adotada foi do tipo Probabilística Aleatória , estratificada por localização e sexo. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: para Hábitos de Vida, o questionário de Estilo de Vida na Infância e Adolescência (EVIA); para o teste de traços de personalidade, o BIG FIVE TEST (adaptado do NEO-PI). Os resultados apontam diferenças entre os grupos pesquisados. Nos Hábitos de Vida, as diferenças mais importantes estão nos indicadores socioeconômicos: os atletas americanos, masculinos e femininos, estão distribuídos de forma mais equilibrada nas classes B1, B2, C, enquanto os brasileiros nas classes A1, A2, B2. Na prática esportiva, nos grupos masculino e feminino, verificou-se que os atletas americanos praticam mais esporte que os brasileiros. No tempo que pratica basquete, os atletas brasileiros jogam em média há 4 anos e os americanos, há 7,3 anos; as brasileiras jogam em média há 4,2 anos e as americanas, há 6,4 anos. Os brasileiros treinam em média 2h e 30m por dia, enquanto os americanos treinam 2h e 45m por dia; as brasileiras treinam em média 2h e 36m por dia, enquanto as americanas treinam 2h e 27m por dia. Na freqüência semanal que pratica basquete, os brasileiros treinam 4,98 dias por semana e os americanos, 4,86 dias por semana; no feminino, as brasileiras treinam 4,37 dias por semana e as americanas, 4,56 dias por semana. Os indicadores físicos, por posição em quadra, apresentam diferenças importantes em ambos os grupos pesquisados. Em todas as posições, nos grupos masculino e feminino, o IMC dos atletas americanos é superior ao dos brasileiros, indicando que os americanos são mais fortes que os brasileiros. Existem traços de personalidade distintos entre os atletas brasileiros e americanos por sexo e posição em quadra. Os americanos apresentam mais traços de autoconfiança, criatividade, liderança e motivação em comparação aos brasileiros. Os brasileiros apresentam mais traços de espírito de grupo em comparação aos americanos. Os traços de personalidade autocontrole, combatividade, concentração e sociabilidade são semelhantes entre brasileiros e americanos. Concluiu-se que os atletas americanos possuem mais qualidades positivas associadas à personalidade que os brasileiros. No grupo feminino, as atletas americanas apresentam mais traços de autoconfiança, criatividade, combatividade, sociabilidade, liderança e motivação em comparação às brasileiras. Os traços de personalidade autocontrole, espírito de grupo e concentração são semelhantes entre brasileiras e americanas. Concluiu-se que as atletas americanas possuem mais qualidades positivas associadas à personalidade que as brasileiras.

Dans le contexte d'incertitude de nos sociétés contemporaines, les questions d'orientation renvoient de plus en plus à celles du « sens » (Bernaud, 2014). La nature même des carrières se trouve modifiée, caractérisée par de nombreux changements et ruptures (Savickas et Pouyaud, in press). Si la conceptualisation et la mesure du sens du travail font l'objet d'une littérature scientifique croissante, peu d'études ont été conduites sur ses relations avec des événements de vie. L'objectif de la thèse est d'analyser les relations réciproques entre le sens du travail et la mobilité professionnelle. La première partie de nos résultats est consacrée à l'étude de validité d'une nouvelle échelle du sens du travail auprès de salariés français, l'Inventaire du Sens du Travail. La seconde partie des résultats montre globalement l'existence de liens significatifs entre le sens du travail et la mobilité professionnelle, à travers trois études distinctes. Une première étude qualitative exploratoire vise, à partir d'entretiens semi-directifs d'agents administratifs, à mieux comprendre la manière dont l'individu construit du sens suite à une mobilité. Dans le cadre d'une deuxième étude quantitative menée auprès de 501 agents d'universités françaises, les analyses de régression hiérarchique indiquent que la personnalité et les indicateurs subjectifs de la mobilité professionnelle expliquent respectivement 17% et 21% de la variance du sens du travail. Ces résultats soulignent plus particulièrement l'importance de la perception qu'a l'individu de son expérience de mobilité professionnelle dans la compréhension du sens du travail. Une troisième étude quantitative auprès d'un échantillon de 336 salariés issus d'horizons professionnels diversifiés, permet de montrer l'influence du sens du travail sur les intentions de quitter son emploi et/ou sa structure, de même que le rôle de médiateur du sens du travail entre certains facteurs d'insatisfaction professionnelle et ces mêmes intentions de quitter. A partir de nos résultats et de l'analyse de la littérature, nous proposons un modèle dynamique du sens du travail ainsi que le modèle d'une mobilité dite « signifiante », c'est-à-dire en interaction réciproque avec le sens du travail. / In the context of uncertainty in our contemporary society, guidance issues relate more to those of the "meaning" (Bernaud, 2014). The nature of careers is modified, characterized by many changes and ruptures (Savickas and Pouyaud, in press). Despite the conceptualization and the measurement of the meaning of work being the subject of a growing scientific literature, little research has been conducted on its relationship with life events. This thesis aims to analyze the relationships between the meaning of work and career changes. The first part of our results is devoted to the validation of a psychometric instrument among French workers for assessing meaning of work (IST – Inventaire du Sens du Travail). The second part of overall results shows significant reciprocal links between the meaning of work and career changes, through three separate studies. An initial exploratory qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews with administrative staff, aims to better understand how the individual constructs meaning after an employment change. In the framework of a second quantitative study conducted with 501 administrative staff working in French universities, hierarchical regression analyzes indicate that personality and subjective indicators of professional mobility explain respectively 17% and 21% of the variance of the meaning of work. These results specifically highlight the importance of the individual's perception of the experienced career change in the understanding of the meaning of work. A third quantitative study with a sample of 336 employees working in diversified professional fields, shows the influence of the meaning of work on withdrawal intentions, as well as the role of mediator of the meaning of work between job dissatisfaction factors and the withdrawal intentions. Based on our literature review and results, we propose a dynamic model of the meaning of work as well as a model of a “meaningful” career change, that is to say, in reciprocal interaction with the meaning of work.

This study tested the utility of three different models of personality, namely the social and personality model, the pathological personality traits model, and the psychological dysregulation model, in predicting overt aggression, relational aggression, and delinquency in a sample of detained boys (ages 12 to 18; M age = 15.31; SD = 1.16). Results indicated that the three personality approaches demonstrated different unique associations with aggression and delinquency. The psychological dysregulation approach, composed of behavioral dysregulation, emotional dysregulation, and cognitive dysregulation, emerged as the overall best predictor of overt aggression, relational aggression, and delinquency. After controlling for the Big Five personality traits, psychological dysregulation accounted for significant variance in overt aggression and delinquency, but not relational aggression. After controlling for callous-unemotional traits and narcissistic traits, psychological dysregulation also accounted for significant variance in overt aggression, relational aggression, and delinquency. Psychological dysregulation did not account for significant variance in aggression or delinquency after controlling for borderline traits. The pathological personality traits approach, comprised of callous-unemotional traits, narcissistic traits, and borderline traits performed second best. In particular, within this approach borderline traits accounted for the most unique variance, followed by narcissistic traits, then callous-unemotional traits. Borderline traits accounted for significant variance in overt aggression, relational aggression, and delinquency when controlling for the Big Five traits, but not after controlling for psychological dysregulation. Narcissistic traits only accounted for significant variance in overt aggression and relational aggression after controlling for the Big Five personality traits, but not after controlling for psychological dysregulation. CU traits only accounted for significant variance in overt aggression after controlling for the Big Five personality traits, but not after controlling for psychological dysregulation. The social and personality model, represented by the Big Five personality traits accounted for the least amount of variance in the prediction of aggression and delinquency, on its own, and when pitted against the other two personality approaches. The exception was that the Big Five personality traits accounted for significant variance in relational aggression beyond narcissistic traits, as well as psychological dysregulation. These findings have implications for assessment and intervention with aggressive and antisocial youth.