Healthcare leaders must establish a just culture to mitigate preventable medical deaths that occur at 250,000 per year, making medical errors the 3rd leading cause of death in the United States. However, there is a gap in knowledge regarding the attributes of nurse manager leadership styles that contribute to promoting a just culture at the unit level. Guided by the full range leadership theory and the just culture model, the purpose of this descriptive correlational study was to determine the relationship between nurse manager transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership styles and unit level just culture perceptions and the differences between staff nurses’ and nurse managers’ perceptions of leadership styles and just culture. The Multifactorial Leadership Questionnaire and the Just Culture Assessment tool were administered to 165 U.S. hospital-based staff nurses and nurse managers. ANOVA revealed a statistically significant difference in the mean just culture scores between transformational, transactional, and/or laissez-faire leadership styles (p < .01). MANOVA outcomes were significant for the difference between the nursing staff’s and nurse managers’ perceptions of nurse managers’ leadership styles (p < .01). This study promotes positive social change identifying transformational and transactional nurse manager leadership skills as a predictor for maintaining a unit level just culture and clarifying the impact of nurse managers’ leadership styles on perceptions of patient safety among frontline nurses and hospital safety. Future research should focus on exploring the relationship between nurse-sensitive patient outcomes such as pressure injuries and hospital-acquired infections along with the unit level just culture and nurse manager leadership styles.

En el presente estudio se busca determinar que el liderazgo del comando técnico si influye en el desarrollo formativo de la división de menores de los clubes profesionales de lima en el 2019. Para cumplir con el objetivo y medir las variables de investigación se utilizaron dos herramientas, las cuales fueron: entrevistas a entrenadores expertos en el desarrollo formativo y encuestas tipo Likert a los jugadores que conforman los equipos profesionales en Lima (Club Alianza Lima, Club Deportivo Municipal, Club Sporting Cristal, Club Universitario de Deportes y Club Deportivo Universidad San Martín de Porres), se probó y fue validad para su aplicación en el contexto peruano. Para la construcción de dichas herramientas se orientaron en las dos dimensiones el Liderazgo Transformacional y el Liderazgo Transaccional y las cuatro dimensiones del desarrollo formativo que son: Aspecto Táctico, Aspecto Físico, Aspecto Psicológico y Aspecto Social. La población estuvo constituida por jugadores de las divisiones menores de los cinco clubes profesionales de Lima, cuya muestra fue de 286 deportistas, pertenecientes al género masculino y las edades oscilan entre los 13 a 15 años. Una vez recopilado los datos se procedió a analizarlo a través del programa IBM SPSS Stadistics, donde se obtuvo como coeficiente de Pearson de 0.366 que demuestra la relación positiva de estas dos variables. A pesar de este resultado, también se obtuvo que dicha relación es débil por lo que se brindara algunas recomendaciones para que los clubes puedan tomar en cuenta. / The present study seeks to determine the technical leadership to influence the formative development of the junior level in 2019. To meet the objective and measure the research variables, two tools are used: The Academy Clubs of the Alianza Lima, Municipal Sports Club, Sporting Cristal Club, University Sports Club and Sports Club San Martín de Porres University), was tested and was valuable for its application in the Peruvian context. For the construction of these materials, can be oriented in the two dimensions, the Transformational Leadership and Leadership, the Transactional and the four forms of Formative Development, which are: Tactical Aspect, Physical Aspect, Psychological Aspect and Social Aspect. The population was constituted by the players of the junior levels of the five professionals clubs of Lima, whose sample was of 286 athletes, those of masculine gender and the ages oscillate between the 13 to 15 years. Once the data was collected, it was analyzed through the IBM SPSS Stadistics program, where a Pearson coefficient of 0.366 was obtained, demonstrating the positive relationship of these two variables. Despite this result, that relationship was also obtained. / Tesis

The objective of this research study was to investigate teachers’ understanding and perceptions of teacher absenteeism. A sample of principals, deputy principals, HODs, teachers, support staff and union members from seven different schools in Middelburg in the Nkangala District of the Mpumalanga Department of Basic Education participated in the investigation. The study was motivated by the escalating teacher absenteeism being experienced within the Mpumalanga Department of Basic Education. The abuse of teacher leave, which takes the form of various leave privileges, is being accelerated primarily by the unacceptably high occurrence of unauthorised absence on the part of teachers at schools. These unauthorised absences includes arriving in class late and leaving class before time, late arrival and early departure from school, poor time management and poor monitoring of absenteeism by the SMTs at schools. The study adopted a qualitative research approach in the collection and analysis of the data with interviews and document analysis being used in order to collect the required data. The study utilises the conceptual lens of transactional stress model and occupational stress model in order to analyse the findings and identify the various stress factors that impact on teacher absenteeism in South Africa. It concludes that the causes of teacher absenteeism are being ascribed to the following: teachers are highly stressed by their own personal lack of financial management, family problems and their ever-increasing responsibilities and the curriculum changes being imposed on them. The primary value of this research investigation, therefore, lies in the belief that the study findings may help to shape the policies that direct the management of leave of absence in the department of education while simultaneously trying to uproot the perceptual misunderstandings about teacher absenteeism. It is essential that suitable policies be formulated to obviate the underlying causes of teacher absenteeism while identifying the stressors that promote teacher absenteeism and trying to provide solutions that will reduce the escalating absence of teachers at school. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Education Management and Policy Studies / unrestricted

This research study deals with the widespread concern that exists amongst parents, educators and healthcare professionals working with children about issues regarding bullying in childhood and adolescence. By using the Transactional Analysis (TA) theory, this research project aimed to describe possible social transactions that occur between bully perpetrators and bully victims, and to examine these social transactions from the perspective of potentially predisposed personality profiles. The link between the personality profile and social transactions lie within the notion that our personality profiles could possibly influence the way we interact with or behave towards other individuals. The motivation behind this research study was therefore to analyse and examine the social transactions that occur between bully perpetrators and bully victims, which exemplifies the unique relationship that defines a bully perpetrator and bully victim in order to better explain (by way of TA) the ‘games’ they play. This was done by identifying the psychological profile tendencies that prompt bully perpetrators and bully victims to engage in repetitive transactions in order to uncover the games they tend to play, as well as to foster an understanding of why bully victims struggle to ‘unhook’ from these dysfunctional transactions. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / lk2014 / Psychology / PhD / Unrestricted

The emergence of Multi/Many-core systems signified an increasing need for parallel programming. Transactional Memory (TM) is a promising programming paradigm for creating concurrent applications. At current date, the design of Distributed TM (DTM) tailored for non coherent Manycore architectures is largely unexplored. This thesis addresses this topic by analysing, designing, and implementing a DTM system suitable for low latency message passing platforms. The resulting system, named SC-TM, the Single-Chip Cloud TM, is a fully decentralized and scalable DTM, implemented on Intel’s SCC processor; a 48-core ’concept vehicle’ created by Intel Labs as a platform for Many-core software research. SC-TM is one of the first fully decentralized DTMs that guarantees starvation-freedom and the first to use an actual pluggable Contention Manager (CM) to ensure liveness. Finally, this thesis introduces three completely decentralized CMs; Offset-Greedy, a decentralized version of Greedy, Wholly, which relies on the number of completed transactions, and FairCM, that makes use off the effective transactional time. The evaluation showed the latter outperformed the three.

Svensson, Elisabeth (2018). Rektors ledarskap och organisation i Montessori- friskolor – enintervjustudie av tre rektorer. (Principals leadership and organization in Montessori-schools - aninterview study of three principals). Pedagogik, Institutionen för Skolutveckling och ledarskap,Fakulteten för Lärande och samhälle, Malmö universitet.The research that has taken place has consisted of interviews with principals in two Montessorischools(F-6, F-9) and one Montessori-inspired school (F-6). My purpose with this study was toinvestigate how principals pedagogically lead and organize the daily work connected with how theschool structurally is built and lead. The interviews have been accomplished by a manual withquestions and are semi-structured. I have with a phenomenologically approach tried to describe,interpret and analyze the principals daily work from respondents own perspective. In my analysis,I have used the complexity theory in order to understand and interpret the complexity of the schoolorganization and two models of leadership, transformational and transactional leadership. Theresult of the analysis shows that the Montessori-school principals strategically consciously workwith attitudes and methods of working in the context of learning and teaching. I have identified abasis for how school leadership can be practised within the Montessori pedagogy. I have also in myanalysis established the fact that many of the characteristics of the Montessori pedagogy correspondwith what is stated in the curriculum of the compulsory school (Lgr 11). In relation to theleadership of the principals I have been able to state the fact that both a transformational and atransactional leadership are represented in the three schools. I have made the complexity in theprincipal’s leadership evident in the relation to the organization of the schools and have identifiedan obvious challenge and conflict of interest between the main organization, that is controlled bythe committee, and the principal and the staff of the the schools. My analysis clearly shows that theopinion of all three principals is that the daily work in the school organization is complex. I make acomparison with the complexity theory, which indicates that when the abstract and the simplifiedissues in the daily work meet with the more concrete and complex issues, this will cause difficultiesin the organization. .The study can hopefully increase the knowledge of principals’ leadershiprelated to the organization in Montessori-schools and be complementary to further research in thisfield.

Waste is a global composite of organic and inorganic derivatives from human activities. Municipal solid waste consists primarily of plastics from households and e-wastes, creating opportunities for waste management businesses. The purpose of this study was to explore leadership strategies for reducing operational costs in waste management businesses in Liberia. In this multiple case study, 6 business leaders from 6 waste management businesses in Liberia were recruited as participants. The conceptual framework guiding the study was the transformational leadership theory. Each business leader responded to open-ended questions in a semistructured interview. Data were analyzed by iteratively searching recurrent codes to elicit themes. Themes that emerged included education and training for customers and staff, as well as efficiency and effectiveness for value creation from waste. Based on the findings of this study, waste management business leaders might contribute to social change by employing marginalized population segments in local communities. The marginalized segments in communities could be empowered to communicate waste management messages about recycling, supplementing their skills and messages using waste management technological innovations. The results from this study might provide insight into how waste management leaders might use innovative solutions to reuse, recycle, and re-engineer wastes. The results from this study might help waste management business leaders envision opportunities for improvement on waste-to-energy products and services in the lives of customers and employees.

Even though millions of Americans attend church, church worship practices have declined in recent years. Also, church leaders lack understanding of transformational, transactional, laissez-faire, and servant leadership styles and their potential to promote the growth of church membership. Gaps exist in the literature regarding the connection between development and efficacy, organizations and outcomes, and church leaders' styles and church membership growth. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore the perception of church leaders (pastors, deacons, ministers) and members of congregations regarding leadership styles and how the implementation of those styles influences the growth of church membership. The conceptual framework of this study was Bass's full-range leadership theory and Greenleaf's servant leadership theory. The data collection methods were semistructured, face-to-face interviews with 40 church leaders and members of 4 congregations, a focus group interview with 5 of those participants, and review of church documents. Transcript review and triangulation increased the credibility and trustworthiness of the data. Thematic analysis was used in data analysis. Data analysis yielded 12 themes: ideal church leadership styles, church leadership management, church leadership motivation, leadership that ensures church growth, effective leadership communication, leadership practices, developing leaders, perceptions of leadership, church attendance growth and decline rates, leaders' roles, church administrator's handbook, and vision and mission statements. The findings of this research may influence social change for leaders of Pentecostal churches who function as leadership mentors and believers within their church environment.

Police leadership has traditionally been dominated by the commander style, yet the more recent generation of police officers reject this style of leadership. Little, however, is known about whether the different leadership styles of the full range of leadership model result in positive outcomes in policing organizations. The purpose of this quantitative meta-analysis study was to examine the relationship between transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership styles and the leadership outcomes in a policing context, such as subordinate satisfaction, perception of leadership effectiveness, and exerting extra effort. Data for this research synthesis derived from primary research studies, which included 9 U.S. and international correlational policing studies that together comprised 1,939 police officers who completed the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) instrument. The meta-analysis provided effect size estimates on the relationship between transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership styles and perception of leadership effectiveness, extra effort, and subordinate satisfaction. The results of this meta-analysis indicate the transformational style has a stronger positive relationship with perception of leadership effectiveness, extra effort, and subordinate satisfaction, than the other 2 leadership styles. The positive social change implications of this study provide recommendations to police executives to include transformational leadership with contemporary law enforcement practices. The transformational style may result in improvements to police officer motivation, performance, and job satisfaction, thus offering opportunities to improve public safety outcomes.

Project success rate declined from 62% in 2012 to 60% in 2015 despite advances in methods and tools. Project managers need emotional intelligence and leadership style to reduce the risk of project failure. Successful projects are assets to the organization and to the whole community. The purpose of this correlational study was to examine the relationship between transformational leadership, transactional leadership, passive avoidance leadership, emotional intelligence, and project manager performance. Project managers from different industries in the states of Virginia and Maryland, and the District of Columbia were administered the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire, Self-Report of Emotional Intelligence, and Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales questionnaires. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis indicated the full model (nine predictors) significantly predict project manager performance, F(9, 92) = 8.330, p = .002, R2 = .449. The R2 value (.449) indicated approximately 45% of the variance in project manager performance was accounted for by the linear combination of the predictor variables. Inspirational motivation was the only significant contributor to the model (t = 3.213, Ã? = 3.959, p = .002). The result indicated that project manager performance tends to increase as inspirational motivation increases. The results of this study may have implications for positive social change include the potential for business leaders to enhance project manager performance through employing inspirational, motivational, and charismatic leadership techniques. Business leaders who improve project managers' performance increase the propensity of organizational success. Successful organizations are sources of economic growth which reduces poverty and improves the quality of life.