本研究的進行期間，正處於台灣電腦代工業的成長趨緩時期，然而隨著中國逐漸承接起「世界工廠」的角色，兩岸早已由垂直分工進入水平競合的階段，且競爭的比重愈來愈高。過去我國製造業能夠迅速崛起，主要是因為勞動力成本、原材料成本以及土地取得成本等資源所構成的比較成本優勢，然而這些成本優勢卻逐漸在消失中。 本研究探討之問題為總體環境變化對代工企業的影響?以及代工企業對環境變化的回應對策？主要是希望能夠擺脫傳統製造思維，從核心資源的角度來探討台灣電子代工廠面對工業4.0的浪潮，該如何調整營運模式，找尋最合適的轉型策略。 透過案例分析，本研究針對代工廠的轉型策略提出以下幾點建議：一、導入自動化生產，進一步提高生產效率以及降低生產成本。二、全球製造板塊移動，代工企業從生產製造走向技術服務，善用以人為中心的技術與服務，致力於發展關鍵技術。三、轉型勢在必行，調整策略符合市場需求，將技術導向的研發轉向消費者導向的創新，開創產業的新價值。 / The timing of conducting this study is that EMS providers in Taiwan encounter the slow growth of market demand as well as China’s taking over the leading role of the world factory gradually. Moreover, the conventionally vertical Taiwan-China collaboration turns out horizontal competition increasingly. Over decades, thanks to competitive advantages of relatively low labor cost, raw material cost and land acquired cost, Taiwan PC manufacturing providers dominated in the market. However, the previously-mentioned advantages are approximately disappearing. The objectives of this study are to discuss the potential impact of macro-environment change to electronic manufacturers and their counter actions to the impact. Hopefully, these players can not only cask off conventional manufacturing stereotype but also search optimal transformational strategies through core resource approach to embrace the waves of Industry 4.0. By demonstrating some cases, the suggestions of transformational strategy for Taiwan EMS providers are as follows: firstly, the introduction of manufacturing automation and then the improvement of manufacturing efficiency and cost reduction; secondly, turning past-manufacturing-centered toward human-centered technologies and services, dedicated to developing critical technologies; lastly, initiating meeting market-needed strategies, shifting technology-driven research and development to customer-driven innovation and creating values of the industry.