This work presents a novel methodology for evaluation of in service loads applied to the output shafts of automatic transmissions. It also presents a novel methodology of data reduction for shaft load signals as an alternative to the cycle counting methods. Current durability testing of automatic transmission output shafts uses 50 000 stall torque cycles from zero to wide open throttle. In the majority of cases, these requirements lead to an over design that can result in an unnecessarily bulky transmission system. As a solution to this problem a novel methodology for evaluation of loads applied to the output shafts of automatic transmissions was developed. The methodology is based on real world loading conditions and therefore leads to a more realistic estimation of the fatigue life of shafts. The methodology can be used as a tool for shaft optimisation in different drive conditions. Using the developed methodology the effects of different road conditions on the fatigue life of a transmission output shaft were compared. Four routes having differing driving conditions were investigated and of those routes, the route with most stop-start events resulted in the greatest reduction in fatigue life. A novel methodology of data reduction for shaft load signals was also developed. The methodology is based on knowledge of the bandwidth and dynamic range of the expected in-service load signal. This novel methodology allows significant reduction of the volume of data to be acquired. It preserves the time sequence of peaks and valleys of the signal, which is vital in the case of fatigue analysis. This is in contrast to current methods based on cycle counting. Cycle counting methods achieve high data reduction but do not preserve the time sequence of the signal. The developed novel methodology has been validated on the newly developed data acquisition system capable of real time data acquisition and compression of shaft torque signal. The performed tests show that the proposed one-channel low cost system equipped with 1 GB compact flash card can store well over 10 000 hrs of load history.

The tractive force has to be interrupted during a gear-shifting operation in a manual vehicle transmission, leading into a decrease of speed while changing gears during the acceleration process. Therefore in a racing application, the shifting time has to be as short as possible so that the required performance of a racing car can be achieved. The following dissertation describes the development of a transmission control system to enable gear changes within a manual gearbox, which was designed for the Formula Student racing series. Various solutions were developed on the basis of reviewed literature, technical data of components and experiences of Formula Student teams. Following this, a comparison of the concepts by means of a utility analysis identified the pneumatic actuation of selector forks to be the most suitable concept. This was mainly due to the expected shifting time, the weight, and its advantageous energy supply requirement. After the selection of the actuators and the position sensors, the system was implemented into the drivetrain to check the tment and the technical feasibility. To draw conclusions regarding the shifting time and to prove the functionality of the system, an open test bench was constructed. Additionally, the hardware and software had to be developed to enable the test run. After the manufacturing and assembling of the test bench, the optimal settings for the test run were determined. By comparing the achieved shifting time of alternative solutions, an improvement in the driving performance of a Formula Student race car is probable.

Orientador: Franco Giuseppe Dedini / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T08:38:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Raizer_Breno_M.pdf: 10875437 bytes, checksum: 61222da4aa96b2988de6a375663ef94f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: A aplicação de transmissões continuamente variáveis (CVT's) no mercado automotivo tem crescido ano após ano. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho é criar um modelo matemático para avaliar o impacto das variações nos parâmetros geométricos no desempenho de CVT's Toroidais (T-CVT's) em aplicações automotivas. Estas variações permitem a verificação da influência dos parâmetros na vida útil, capacidade de torque e eficiência da transmissão para qualquer ciclo urbano. Novos parâmetros geométricos, relacionados ao com o sistema controle, foram adicionados ao modelo geométrico básico da T-CVT. O objetivo foi avaliar o efeito de escorregamento lateral (?Side-Slip?) juntamente com efeitos de ?Spin? e ?Slip? previstos pelo modelo de lubrificação elasto-hidrodinâmica (EHL) adotado. Os resultados indicam que qualquer desalinhamento dos rolos de potência tem um impacto negativo sobre o desempenho da transmissão toroidal. A metodologia apontou uma configuração otimizada de acordo com uma ponderação de objetivos que são desejáveis em uma transmissão automobilística (custo, durabilidade, eficiência) / Abstract: The automotive application of Continuously Variable Transmissions (CVT's) has been growing year after year. In this sense, the objective of this work is to develop a mathematical model to evaluate the impact of variations in geometric parameters on the Toroidal CVT's (T-CVT's) performance in automotive application. These variations allow a verification of its influence on the system lifetime, torque capacity and efficiency for any urban cycle. New geometric parameters, related to the control system, were added to the T-CVT's basic geometric model. The purpose was to evaluate the Side-Slip along with Spin and Slip effects predicted by the elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication model (EHL) adopted. The results indicate that any misalignment of the power-rollers has a negative impact on the performance of the toroidal transmission. The methodology pointed an optimal configuration according to a weighting of goals that are desirable in an automotive transmission (cost, durability, efficiency) / Mestrado / Mecanica dos Sólidos e Projeto Mecanico / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Orientador: Robson Pederiva / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T00:38:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Garcia_Ubirajara_M.pdf: 2857015 bytes, checksum: 43af4c00365bf303c80b6b5d1be9e9be (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Neste trabalho desenvolve-se um método, que permite avaliações de parâmetros, para o estudo do projeto de um sistema auto-tensionador no controle de suas vibrações transversais e forças atuantes. Parâmetros construtivos e operacionais, como: a geometria, inércia, rigidez da mola do auto-tensionador, rigidez da correia e condições de operação, como: frequências de excitação, forças estáticas e dinâmicas são obtidas em um sistema auto-tensionador de transmissão por correias, aplicados em automóveis de passeio comerciais. Com a modelagem dinâmica de um grau de liberdade, calcula-se a força de atrito e fator de amortecimento, que estabelece o controle de vibrações e forças atuantes no sistema. Os resultados das simulações computacionais são analisados e comparados com os resultados obtidos pelo protótipo experimental desenvolvido. Os resultados tecno-experimentais indicam ajuste satisfatório, o que representa uma contribuição significativa, para o estudo de sistemas auto-tensionadores e na melhoria do controle de vibrações e forças atuantes em correias dentadas, em tempo real de projeto. / Abstract: This investigation describes a method, which permits evaluating the best parameters, in the study of tensioner project system in its transversal vibration control and actuating forces. The construtive and operating parameters, as: geometry, inertia, tensioner spring stiffness, belt stiffness, and operating conditions as: excitation frequencies, estatic and dinamic forces are obtained in a tensioner of transmition by belts with market vehicles aplication. With a dinamical modelling of one degree of fredow are calculated the atrict force and damping factor that establish the vibration control and system actuating forces. The computational simulating results are analysed and compared with obtained results from the developed experimental prototype. The tecno-experimental results have a satisfactory adjust, that represents a significative contribution, for tensioners systems study and the better control of vibrations and actuating forces on driven belts, in project real time. / Mestrado / Mecanica dos Sólidos e Projeto Mecanico / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

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Orientador: Milton Dias Junior / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T18:54:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Miyasato_HugoHeidy_M.pdf: 3357683 bytes, checksum: 9fcd8bd237500580084498c606879165 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Fenômenos de ruído, vibração e sua severidade (NVH) são uma grande preocupação da indústria automotiva desde o século 20. A fim de atingir uma vantagem competitiva, as montadoras têm se focado na melhora do desempenho de NVH dos seus produtos para lidar com um cenário de mercado global competitivo. No intuito de verificar o comportamento do sistema durante o processo de desenvolvimento, métodos computacionais são aplicados para encontrar melhores abordagens e na previsão de problemas, economizando tempo e orçamento da empresa gastos na construção de protótipos e testes. Nesse trabalho, gear rattle, um ruído induzido por impacto cuja causa são as engrenagens sem carga da transmissão, será modelado e simulado. É diagnosticado com maior intensidade em veículos com motores diesel em marcha lenta e excitado especificamente quando uma faixa de frequências que causa grande amplitude de vibração nos elementos internos da caixa de câmbio é alcançada. Modelos lineares do trem de potência em ponto morto ou em tração serão estudados, compreendendo as suas características básicas, tais como frequências naturais e modos associados que podem ser representativos do fenômeno. Esse sistema possui elementos com fortes não-linearidades, tais como a rigidez estratificada com histerese da embreagem e a folga entre os dentes dos engrenamentos. Uma caracterização mais realista será incluída no modelo com uma rigidez variante no tempo para o engrenamento helicoidal, utilizado em todas transmissões manuais, com uma componente dissipativa adequada aos impactos. Para verificar condições de operação que podem somente ser avaliadas segundo formulação não-linear, simulações serão realizadas para verificar a eficácia de orientações de solução e propostas de modificação encontradas na literatura / Abstract: Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) phenomena are a great concern of the automotive industry since the twentieth century. In order to achieve a commercial advantage, manufacturers have focused on improving the NVH performance of their products to cope with a competitive global market scenario. To verify the behavior of the system during the design process, computational methods are applied to find a better approach and foresee problems, saving company budget and time spent in prototypes and tests. In this work, gear rattle, a impact-induced noise caused by the unloaded gear teeth inside the gearbox, will be modeled and simulated. It is diagnosed with a higher intensity in diesel vehicle engines at idle speed and in a more specific way excited when a range of frequency that causes large amplitude of vibration in the internal elements of the gearbox is reached. Linear models of the powertrain operating in idle and traction will be studied, in order to understand its basic characteristics, such as natural frequencies and associated vibration modes that could be representative to this phenomena. This system has elements with strong nonlinearities such as the stratified stiffness with hysteresis of the clutch and the backlash between the gear teeth. A more realistic feature will be included in the model with a time variable stiffness for the helical gear mesh, used in all manual transmissions, with a suitable dissipative component for the impacts. To verify operational conditions which can only be evaluated with nonlinear formulation, simulations will be made to verify the effectiveness of solution guidelines and modification procedures found in literature / Mestrado / Mecanica dos Sólidos e Projeto Mecanico / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Orientador: Milton Dias Junior / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T19:22:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RoldaoPerestrelo_LeandroTadeu_M.pdf: 15158370 bytes, checksum: 84a10bb14b3381b619db8ff9bb97be9c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: O resumo poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital / Abstract: The abstract is available with the full electronic document / Mestrado / Mecanica dos Sólidos e Projeto Mecanico / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

No / Security is a function of the trust that is associated with the active variables in a system. Thus, the human factor being the most critical element in security systems, the security perimeter could be defined in relation to the human trust level. Trust level could be measured via positive identification of the person/device on the other side of the interaction medium, using various authentication schemes; location-based being one of the latest. As for the location-based services, the identity of a customer remains hazy as long as his location is unknown; he virtually remains a ghost in the air, with implications on trust. This paper reviews the various location-based authentication techniques with a focus on the role that GPS could play in optimising this authentication approach. It advocates the urgent need to make all transmission devices GPS-compliant as a way forward, despite the privacy issues that might arise.