Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-04-06T12:50:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Cibele Lopes Barbará.pdf: 986211 bytes, checksum: c808870da2403078adb589bac7258fe6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-06T12:50:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cibele Lopes Barbará.pdf: 986211 bytes, checksum: c808870da2403078adb589bac7258fe6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-28 / Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo - PUCSP / Testimony is not a term originally from psychoanalysis; it comes from several fields of knowledge, especially the legal and religious realms/domains. Over time, this term has participated more effectively in other areas, such as psychology, history, philosophy, sociology, arts and, finally, literature. Until the 19th century, what prevailed as a concept of testimony was much more a juridical sense, related to denouncement: an expression of an incontestable truth or its transgression. It was also linked to a way of asserting and attesting faith in a religious sense. According to scholars, the concept has changed and expanded from the moment humanity has experienced an imperious sequence of extreme and violent situations. Testimony, then, gained strength and became a way of resistance, treatment and possibility of transmission as violence, oppression and the decline of the public space became more and more conspicuous; confronting hegemonic discourses and truths. Thus, while studying this concept in various areas of knowledge, this paper proposes to investigate what testimony means for psychoanalysis. In order to obtain some answers to this question, some essential grounds were used: the notion of trauma and traumatic event; repetition and causality; speech act and truth / Testemunho não é um termo originado da psicanálise, mas sim de diversos campos do conhecimento, especialmente dos campos jurídico e religioso. Com o tempo, este termo vem participando de modo aproximado ou mais efetivo de outras áreas, como da psicologia, da história, da filosofia, da sociologia das artes e, finalmente, da literatura. Até o século XIX, o que prevalecia como conceito de testemunhos era muito mais o de sentido jurídico, ligado à denúncia, que era expressão de uma verdade incontestável ou a sua transgressão. Também estava ligado a uma forma de afirmar e atestar a fé no sentido religioso. Esse conceito se modificou e se ampliou, segundo estudiosos, a partir do momento em que a humanidade vivenciou uma sequência imperiosa de situações extremas e violentas. Conforme a violência, a opressão e a diminuição do espaço público tornaram-se cada vez mais flagrantes; o testemunho ganhou força e se tornou um modo de resistência, de tratamento e de possibilidade de transmissão diante de discursos e verdades hegemônicas. Assim, além de um percurso com este conceito nas várias áreas do conhecimento, este trabalho se propõe a investigar o que é um testemunho para a psicanálise. Para alcançar algumas respostas a esta questão, recorreu-se a alguns fundamentos essenciais: a noção de trauma e de acontecimento traumático; repetição e causalidade; e ato de fala e de verdade

This project examined the effects of burning on saw mark characteristics of isolated semi-fleshed white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) long bones as a substitute for human remains. Different classes of saws were examined to determine which type of saw mark characteristics are obliterated when burned and which are not. The saw mark characteristics that were examined are superficial false start scratches, false start kerfs, and completely sectioned cuts with breakaway spurs/notches. The long bones were burned at the Boston University School of Medicine using a muffle furnace, at differing temperatures and at differing time increments. The author hypothesized that the higher the temperature and the longer the duration of bone burning, the greater will be the obliterative effect on saw mark characteristics. All samples were examined using a Motic® Digital Light Microscope 12 VDC with a Nikon® MKII Fiber Optic Light attached with accompanying Motic® imaging and measuring software. Distances were measured between striations on complete cuts, false start kerf widths, and false start scratch widths using the Motic® imaging and measuring software. Images were also taken of the cross sections of the kerf floors. The striations on the kerf walls, false start kerf widths, and false start scratch widths were compared to the control samples. Measurements taken from false start scratches, false start kerfs, and complete cuts were averaged and compared to the averages from each temperature and the control samples, to assess the degree of shrinkage from thermal alteration. The false start kerf profile shapes were blindly examined and classified into Class A, B, C, or D(following the system of Symes 1992) and compared to the control samples. Kerf flare and blade drift were examined to determine if thermal alteration obliterated those saw mark characteristics. The chainsaw false start kerfs and complete cuts were examined macroscopically to determine what effects thermal alteration had on those types of marks. All thermally altered samples were assessed for color change, heat-related fracturing, and whether or not the saw marks were still visible. The author found that all saw marks made with the mitre saw, crosscut saw, and bow saw were still visible and identifiable, even in a fractured state and, when burned up to 700°C for one hour. Most of the false start kerf samples were classified into the correct kerf profile shape as outlines in Symes (1992). False start kerfs and complete cuts made with the chainsaw were blindly examined and showed that these marks are distinct and easily identifiable when the bone is completely intact or has very minimal fracturing. The crosscut saw false start scratch and crosscut saw complete cut samples showed signs of shrinkage. The average width of the false start scratch samples burned at 700°C for one hour was about 50% smaller than the control sample's average width. The same was true for the complete cut striation widths. Shrinkage did not appear to alter the crosscut saw false start kerf widths or the bow saw false start scratch widths. For all cuts made with the mitre saw shrinkage did appear to alter the samples. Warping did occur where some of the burned averages were larger than the control sample averages. This suggests that some warping did take place by widening the kerf, thus changing the analysis of the saw mark characteristics. Blade drift and kerf flare were seen in the samples and thus were not affected by thermal alteration. The author's hypothesis was not rejected, because in some cases thermal alteration did modify the saw mark characteristic measurements and in some cases thermal alteration did not alter the measurements. Some of the saw marks were affected by shrinkage, while others were not. False start kerf profile shape classification was not affected by thermal alteration. The chainsaw samples were affected most by the thermal alteration, because of the obliterative effects of heat-related fracturing which progressed generally with the greater temperature.

This dissertation examines the phenomenon, understanding, and treatment of trauma at the intersection of phenomenology, psychology and neuroscience. I argue that Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenological method, with its emphasis on the conscious and embodied nature of human phenomena, provides crucial insights into the nature and treatment of combat trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). By situating the discussion of trauma and adaptation within research on the topic in neuroscience and psychology, the dissertation demonstrates how phenomenological understanding of trauma contributes fundamentally to the understanding of trauma proffered by the sciences. After discussing the history of trauma in psychology, phenomenology and neuroscience, I address traumatic memory as a prevalent feature of trauma. In traumatic memory, the victim relives rather than simply remembers the traumatic experience. I show how traumatic memory differs psychologically, neurologically, and phenomenologically from non-traumatic memory. In particular, I argue that phenomenological analysis of traumatic memory dramatically reveals the subjective and embodied character of human experiences, thereby providing psychological and neuroscientific accounts of trauma with a necessary, largely overlooked dimension of the experience. No serious study of trauma can neglect the question of adaptation. Using Merleau-Ponty’s work on adaptation, I argue that PTSD is better understood as the result of an attempt to adapt to a traumatic event than as a mental illness. In the last chapter of the dissertation I demonstrate how, against the backdrop of this interdisciplinary understanding, one specific adaptive tool to PTSD, namely, narrative therapy, can contribute positively to the process of adapting to trauma. This dissertation is the first detailed examination of combat trauma in the phenomenological tradition. Moreover, it offers new philosophical insights into the understanding and treatment of trauma. As an in-depth example of how insights from phenomenology, psychology and neuroscience can be fruitfully combined, it also provides a model of the potential of phenomenological inquiry to enhance our scientific accounts of human phenomena.

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a conduta do enfermeiro frente ao traumatismo de uretra ocasionado pela inserção do cateter uretral. Este estudo teve aprovação do Comitê de Ética em pesquisa da Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto - Parecer 466/12 e foi realizado em um Hospital Universitário em duas etapas: na primeira etapa, descritiva, foi efetuada consulta ao sistema eletrônico do hospital que trata de notificações sobre eventos adversos dos pacientes. Nessa etapa foi utilizado instrumento de perguntas objetivas elaborado pelo próprio pesquisador. Na segunda, quase-experimental pós teste, foram coletados os dados relacionados a autoconfiança de enfermeiros, que participaram de cenário simulado de baixa fidelidade. Nessa etapa para obtenção dos dados foi aplicado um questionário de caracterização dos sujeitos e instrumento já validado, de autoconfiança na Assistência de Enfermagem à Retenção Urinária (EAAERU), a qual encontra-se dividida em cinco fatores: 1) \"Intervenções realizadas durante o cateterismo urinário e/ou em situações iatrogênicas\", 2) \"Intervenções prévias ao cateterismo urinário\", 3) \"Intervenções realizadas após o cateterismo urinário\"; 4) \"Comunicação, consentimento e preparo dos materiais para realização do cateterismo urinário\", e 5) \"Avaliação objetiva da RU\" (retenção urinária). Os dados da primeira etapa foram analisados por estatística descritiva e os dados da segunda etapa foram codificados e digitados duplamente em planilhas do aplicativo Excel®, exportados e analisados no programa SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) ®, versão 22.0, como a escala original. Os resultados demonstram que na primeira fase do estudo entre as 5300 notificações do serviço, apenas 27 (1,96%) estavam relacionadas a problemas urinários. Entre essas, cinco diretamente ao cateterismo urinário. Na segunda fase do estudo, a amostra foi composta por 53 enfermeiros, entre os quais a maior parte era do sexo feminino, com idade média de 36 anos, menos de dez anos de formação. Entre eles a maioria cursava ou já haviam cursado pós-graduação. Segundo os entrevistados todos 53 (100,0%) já realizaram o cateterismo urinário e 46 (86,8%) já vivenciaram dificuldades no procedimento. A maioria já avaliou trauma uretral ocasionado pela passagem do cateter. A conduta tomada nessa circunstância foi comunicar o fato e solicitar avaliação de outro profissional (médico e/ou outro enfermeiro). Após atividade simulada de trauma uretral, na avaliação da autoconfiança, a EAAERU demonstrou boa confiabilidade na sua aplicação (? 0,966). Os menores escores encontrados na autoconfiança dos profissionais estiveram relacionados aos fatores 1) \"Intervenções realizadas durante o cateterismo urinário e/ou em situações iatrogênicas\" e 5) \"Avaliação objetiva da RU\". Observou-se ainda associação positiva entre a autoconfiança e a frequência de realização do cateterismo urinário. Conclui-se que os traumas de uretra são comuns na prática clínica, porém pouco notificados. Com relação à autoconfiança na introdução do cateterismo urinário em que ocorrem situações de trauma de uretra há dificuldade na tomada de decisão e na avaliação objetiva da RU. Uma vez que o cateterismo é de competência do enfermeiro, são necessários programas e instrumentos que capacitem os profissionais para tais situações / This study aimed to evaluate the conduct of the nurse to the urethral trauma caused by the insertion of urethral catheter. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee in research of the College of Nursing in Ribeirão Preto - Opinion 466/12 and was performed in University Hospital in two stages: in the first stage, descriptive, a question was made on the hospital\'s electronic system, which deals with notifications about adverse events of patients. In this stage, it was used an instrument of objective questions elaborated by the researcher herself. In the second stage, quasi-experimental posttest study, the data related to self-confidence of nurses who participated in simulated low-fidelity scenario was collected. In this stage, to obtain the data, it was applied a characterization questionnaire of subjects and already validated instrument of Self-Confidence Scale of Nursing Care in Urinary Retention (EAAERU), which is divided in five factors: 1) \"Interventions performed during urinary catheterization and/or in iatrogenic situations\", 2) \"Prior interventions to performing urinary catheterization\", 3) \"Interventions performed for urinary catheters\"; 4) \"Communication, consent and preparation of materials for performing urinary catheterization\", and 5) \"Objective evaluation of the urinary retention\". The first stage\'s data were analyzed by descriptive statistic and the second stage\'s data were codified and double typed in spreadsheets in the Excel® app, exported and analyzed in the SPSS program (Statistical Package for Social Science)®, version 22.0, like the original scale. The results demonstrate that in the first stage of the study, among the 5300 notifications of service, only 27 (1,96%) were related to urinary problems. Among these, five directly related to urinary catheterization. In the second stage of the study, the sample was made by 53 nurses, among which most were women, with an average age of 36 years, less than ten years of formation. Among them, most were attending or had already attended postgraduate. According to the interviewers, all 53 (100,0%) had performed urinary catheterization and 46 (86,8%) had gone through trouble during the process. Most of them had evaluated urethral trauma caused by the introduction of the catheter. The conduct taken in this circumstance was to communicate the fact and request the evaluation of another professional (Doctor and/or another nurse). After simulated activity of the urethral trauma, in the self-confidence evaluation, EAAERU showed good reliability on its application (?=0,966). The lowest scores found in the professionals\' self-confidence were related to the factors 1) \"Interventions performed during urinary catheterization and/or in iatrogenic situations\" and 5) \"Objective evaluation of the urinary retention\". It was also observed positive association between the self-confidence and the performance of urethral catheterization. It is concluded that urethral traumas are common on clinical practice, however little notified. With regard to self-confidence to the introduction of urethral catheterization in which occur urethral trauma situations, there is difficulty in decision making and objective evaluation of the urinary retention. Once the catheterization is the nurse\'s responsibility, programs and tools are necessary to enable professionals in such situations

A Shoá (calamidade, em hebraico) é um dos temas mais pesquisados de todos os tempos, seja por seu caráter perverso, seja por ter modificado a maneira segundo a qual a sociedade lida com a violência. Diante disso, há um tópico especial que chama a atenção: as vítimas e as conseqüências sofridas por elas. É nesse universo que surge The Shawl (1989), o aclamado livro da norte-americana Cynthia Ozick. Tendo em vista a grande complexidade do livro, o presente trabalho examinará a maneira que a autora encontrou para representar tal condição de quem foi exposto à loucura e à violência, e que acabou por criar novas relações entre o seu passado e seu presente, principalmente através de símbolos já conhecidos e de imagens que vão além da cristalização. Nossa hipótese é de verificar, através do estudo dos elementos do texto que vão desde as relações entre os elementos lingüísticos, até a composição das personagens como, no caos aparente, a narrativa encontra sua especificidade estética, por meio do caminho inverso que vai do símbolo às imagens na construção do Real. / The Shoah (which means calamity in Hebrew) is one of the most researched topics of all times, either by its perverse character, either because it has modified the way in which society deals with violence. Therefore, there is a special topic that draws societys attention: the victims and the consequences suffered by them. It is in this atmosphere that The Shawl (1989), Cynthia Ozicks acclaimed book, arises. Having in mind the complexity of the book, this work will examine the way the author found to represent the condition of who was exposed to madness and violence, and eventually create new relations between their past and their present, mainly through known symbols and images that go beyond crystallization. Our hypothesis is to verify, through the study of the text elements - from the relationship between the linguistic elements to the composition of the characters - how the narrative finds its aesthetic specificity through the reverse path that goes from symbol to images in the construction of the Real, in the apparent chaos.

A presente dissertação configura-se como uma interrogação à teoria psicanalítica acerca das ressonâncias do traumatismo na função psíquica da memória. Ambos são conceitos que remetem aos fundamentos da psicanálise, apontando para a constituição do psiquismo, bem como para seus limites. A dissertação procura ampliar o estudo da temática para além da obra de Freud e alcançar as contribuições de Sandor Ferenczi e seus desdobramentos na obra de Nicolas Abraham e Maria Torok. Em Freud, as relações de trauma e memória, principalmente a partir da conceituação de um além do princípio do prazer, apontam para o funcionamento, ou melhor, às falhas de funcionamento nos limites do psíquico - entre corpo e psique, entre percepção e representação - responsáveis pela instauração da memória e a diferenciação psíquica. O traumático foi associado à dinâmica da pulsão de morte e a da angústia automática, que faz continuamente uma demanda de trabalho psíquico, de ligação, anterior à instauração do princípio de prazer. Quando não há possibilidade de ligação e transcrição do acontecimento, seus efeitos apresentam-se de forma negativa como danos narcísicos. Ferenczi considera o papel do objeto como determinante em relação ao destino traumático de um acontecimento. Caso o objeto não possa adaptar-se às necessidades do sujeito e fornecer ou legitimar um sentido ao vivido, interrompe-se o processo de introjeção e inscrição psíquica. Frente ao desamparo psíquico decorrente da ausência de investimento do objeto, o psiquismo se defende por meio da clivagem das impressões traumáticas ou imerge em comoção, da qual não resta memória. Nicolas Abraham e Maria Torok acrescentam que um acontecimento que permaneceu clivado no psiquismo de uma geração - impossibilitado de circulação e figurabilidade - é transmitido enquanto lacuna de memória para a próxima geração. A imagem do trauma como avesso da memória é paradoxal, pois remete tanto às impressões que aguardam uma revelação por meio de uma ligação com uma imagem, no modelo dos sonhos traumáticos, como à pura negatividade relativa à falta de representação, da qual um sentido pode advir mediante somente uma construção que produza um sentimento de convicção. Tal imagem paradoxal pretende oferecer uma reserva psíquica/teórica ao analista enquanto uma figurabilidade possível das ressonâncias do traumático na memória. / The present essay comprises of an interrogation to psychoanalysis theory about the consequences of trauma in the memory psychic role. Both of them are concepts that refer to the psychoanalysis fundamentals, leading to the psychism constitution, as well as to its boundaries. The dissertation attempts to expand the set of themes beyond Freuds work and reaches out Sandor Ferenczis contributions and its unfoldings into Nicolas Abraham and Maria Toroks works. In Freuds, the connections within trauma and memory, especially from the conceptualization of a further than the pleasure principle, point out to the functioning, or even better, the non-functioning gaps at the psychism boundaries - between body and psyche, within perception and representation responsible for memory establishment and psychic differentiation. The traumatic was associated to death instinct and the automatic anguish, which continuously calls forth a psychic work demand, of connection, prior to the pleasure principle instauration. When there is no possibility of connection and transcription of the incident, its effects present themselves in a negative way such as narcissistic damage. Ferenczi considers the object role as determinant on the traumatic event destination. In case the object can not adapt to the subjects needs and provide or legitimate a meaning to what was lived, there is an interruption on the process of introjection and psychic inscription. Face the psychic abandonment due to the absence of the object investment, the psychism defends itself through the cleavage of the traumatic impressions or it immerges in comotion, of which remains no memory. Nicolas Abraham and Maria Torok add that an event that has remained cleaved in the psychism of a generation incapable of circulation and figurability is forwarded to the next generation as a memory lacuna. The image of trauma as the inverted side of the memory is paradoxical, once it refers to the impressions that await a revelation through a link with an image, in the traumatic dreams model, as much as to the pure negativity related to the lack of representation, from which a meaning can only occur by means of a construction that produces a conviction feeling. Such self-contradictory image intends to offer a theoretic/psychic restraint to the analist as a possible figurability of the resonances of the traumatic in the memory.

Submitted by Cristiane Chim (cristiane.chim@ucpel.edu.br) on 2017-02-15T12:24:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 henrique caruccio.pdf: 868619 bytes, checksum: abb3ef322c876e9805cabe92e0da333c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-15T12:24:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 henrique caruccio.pdf: 868619 bytes, checksum: abb3ef322c876e9805cabe92e0da333c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-10-06 / Psychoanalysis has been bringing the idea there is a "filter" in our minds, and that this ability varies from person to person. In this context, decisive events, which may be called stressors, may alter the efficiency of this filter. The resilience may be understood as the ability to pass for adverse events and hold up well, adapting positively - "keeping filtering effectively." In psychoanalysis, considering trauma, this may be understood as a violent shock, which may break through the protective barrier of the ego and may cause lasting mental disorders on the individual organization. It is estimated that if a trauma occurs in childhood, psychological damage might occur to the individual, for the disorder caused by the negative event. This study aims to investigate the association between childhood trauma and resilience in adulthood of women who became pregnant in adolescence and whose children were between 24 and 36 months. Mothers were chosen from a randomized clinical trial which evaluated psychological intervention for the prevention of gestational depression and postpartum. This study turned into a cohort, and when the children were between 24 and 36 months old, the multidisciplinary assessment was conducted. The mothers answered a questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics, an instrument for the childhood trauma in five domains (physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, physical neglect and emotional neglect) called The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire "CTQ"; and a scale for resilience proposed by Young & Wagnild. As a result, this dissertation was written and was published in the Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry. There were evaluated 539 dyads "mother-child" and it has been found mothers with lower resilience scores are those who suffered more trauma in childhood, especially those of emotional etiology. / Desde muito tempo, a psicanálise traz a ideia de que existe um “filtro” em nossas mentes, e que a capacidade deste varia de pessoa para pessoa. Nesse contexto, eventos determinantes, podendo ser denominados estressores, podem alterar a eficiência deste filtro. A partir disso, a resiliência pode ser entendida como a capacidade de passar por eventos adversos e mesmo assim manter-se bem, adaptando-se positivamente – “continuar filtrando de modo eficaz”. Ainda na psicanálise, falando agora de trauma, este pode ser entendido como um choque violento que pode romper a barreira protetora do ego, podendo acarretar perturbações duradouras sobre a organização mental do indivíduo. Estima-se que se um trauma ocorre na infância é possível que hajam grandes prejuízos psíquicos ao indivíduo, frente a tamanha desordem causada pelo evento negativo. O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar a associação entre trauma na infância e a resiliência na vida adulta de mulheres que engravidaram na adolescência cujos filhos estavam com idades entre 24 e 36 meses. Essas mães foram advindas de um ensaio clínico randomizado que avaliou uma intervenção psicológica para prevenção da depressão gestacional e do pós-parto. O estudo transformou-se em uma coorte, e na fase quando as crianças estavam entre a faixa etária supracitada foi realizada uma avaliação multiprofissional, dando origem ao presente trabalho. As mães responderam a um questionário que continha questões sobre aspectos sociodemográficos, um instrumento que avaliou os traumas na infância em cinco domínios (abuso físico, abuso emocional, abuso sexual, negligência física e negligência emocional) denominado The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire “CTQ” e ainda uma escala que mede a resiliência, proposta por Wagnild & Young. Como resultado, foi escrita esta dissertação e dela surgiu um artigo a ser publicado na Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria. Foram avaliadas 539 díades “mãe-criança” sendo verificado que as mães com menores escores de resiliência são aquelas que sofreram mais traumas na infância, principalmente aqueles de origem emocional.

A partir de um fluxo acentuado de migrações para o Brasil, iniciado particularmente desde os anos 2010, novas populações, recém-chegadas (particularmente congoleses, angolanos, sírios e haitianos), passaram a interpelar a clínica psicanalítica com migrantes. Provenientes de realidades de violência extrema e condições precárias, as vivências dos sujeitos migrantes são marcadas por especificidades que vêm demandando novos questionamentos. Através de reflexões sobre a clínica com migrantes em instituições de acolhimento na cidade de São Paulo e na cidade de Paris, pretendemos sedimentar aportes teóricos para elaborar novas possibilidades de intervenção clínica, trabalhando a posição do analista e as vicissitudes desse encontro. Compreendendo o traumático como o sofrimento do sujeito diante de um acontecimento vivido como desastre, pensaremos nas possibilidades de fabricação de elementos clínicos de intervenção, assim como nas formas de sustentação de posições analíticas no encontro com esse sujeito migrante. Assim, debruçada sobre as experiências clínicas nas duas cidades supracitadas, tanto institucionalmente como em outras situações, a pesquisa pretende refletir sobre a dimensão do traumático, das diferenças de línguas e culturas, sobre as injunções institucionais e as questões raciais e coloniais presentes nas trajetórias de migrantes. Tomando como objeto, portanto, o encontro clínico entre migrante recém-chegado e o psicanalista, trataremos de refletir sobre as possibilidades tanto de intervenções clínicas em condições extremas, capazes de produzir ressignificações para o sujeito, como nas distintas posições possíveis para o analista, que frequentemente se encontra entre o excesso de implicação no sofrimento, de um lado e de outro, um distanciamento que produz efeitos de desmentido para o sujeito. Desse modo, pretendemos contribuir com elementos clínicos e teóricos para a prática de psicanálise em contextos extremos, particularmente com a população migrante e/ou em situação de refúgio / Depuis lannée 2010, un flux de nouvelles migrations vers le Brésil explique larrivée de populations de primo-arrivants (notamment des Congolais, Angolais, Syriens, Haïtiens). Ces nouvelles populations interrogent la clinique psychanalytique auprès des migrants. En effet, leur expérience de violence extrême et leur condition précaire les caractérisent et exigent un renouvellement des questionnements et des modalités dintervention cliniques. A travers des réflexions sur la clinique avec des sujets migrants dans les institutions d\'accueil de la ville de São Paulo, nous espérons contribuer à la réflexion sur de nouvelles possibilités d\'intervention clinique. En partant de la notion de trauma comme une modalité de souffrance du sujet face à un événement vécu comme désastre, nous réfléchissons aux possibilités de conception de nouveaux éléments d\'intervention clinique, ainsi quaux formes de positionnements analytiques dans la rencontre avec le migrant. Nous proposons, à un stade de notre réflexion, une comparaison avec la prise en charge des migrants à Paris, France, où larrivée récente de migrants a également exigé la mise en place de nouveaux dispositifs cliniques. Ainsi, à partir de cas cliniques menés dans les deux villes, cette recherche propose de qualifier le traumatisme, puis limpact opéré dans la prise en charge par les langues et les cultures, enfin les injonctions institutionnelles et les questions raciales et coloniales présentes tout au long de la trajectoire des migrants. En prenant comme objet la rencontre clinique entre les migrants nouvellement arrivés et le psychanalyste, nous essayerons de réfléchir aux possibilités dintervention clinique dans des conditions extrêmes, capables de produire de nouvelles significations pour le sujet. Nous montrerons en quoi les différents positionnements de l\'analyste sont au centre de nouveaux dispositifs cliniques, puisque ce dernier peut être pris entre, dune part, l\'excès d\'implication dans la souffrance du patient, et dautre part, dans la distanciation nécessaire, qui produit alors des effets de désaveu pour le sujet. De cette manière, nous souhaitons contribuer à la pratique psychanalytique en contexte extrême, en particulier avec la population migrante et /ou exilée

Social workers are being sought out more often to treat traumatized individuals. In turn, social workers are at risk of vicarious traumatization. Vicarious trauma is a form of indirect trauma that may occur by working with traumatized clients. Master of Social Work (MSW) students should be educated on vicarious trauma as they will have many responsibilities when they begin their work in the field; including treating traumatized individuals. Education on vicarious trauma could lessen the risks of experiencing the pathology. The purpose of this study is to explore the perception of vicarious trauma among MSW students. Sixty-seven students from the MSW program at California State University, San Bernardino participated in this study and completed the Vicarious Trauma Questionnaire (VTQ). The study showed that on average the students scored moderate to low on each category of the questionnaire. Suggestions for future research and the social work curriculum are discussed in this project.

Vicarious trauma impacts counselors in various ways: by diminishing their feelings of importance in the profession, hindering their completion of adequate work with clients, and negatively affecting their personal life choices. Although numerous qualitative and quantitative studies have been conducted on vicarious trauma over the past 20 years, there is a rarity of research investigating the implications of trauma for counseling supervisors. The purpose of this study was to examine the lived experiences and perceptions of tertiary trauma among 11 counselor supervisors from Oklahoma and Missouri who were providing active supervision. This study was approached through a hermeneutic phenomenological methodology. The overarching research question investigated how counseling supervisors defined tertiary trauma. Interviews were transcribed and uploaded into NVivo 10, and constructs were identified via an exploratory and inductive analysis. Codes and sub-themes were categorized then deductively divided into 6 primary themes that demonstrate participant perceptions of tertiary trauma. These themes included: (a) what it means to be a supervisor, (b) the understanding of vicarious trauma, (c) the base knowledge of tertiary trauma, (d) the symptoms of tertiary trauma, (e) the meaning of supervisor wellness, and (c), the and role of the supervisor. Findings from the study offer the counseling profession a working definition of tertiary trauma based in counseling supervisors' perception of the phenomenon. The study outcomes are unique because counseling supervisors are vital to the continued growth of both the profession and new counseling professionals, acting as gate keepers to the counseling profession.