The topic of the following thesis is an analysis of the changing perception of Šumava as a space in selected Czech and German texts that belong to the literature of the Šumava district. The basis of the thesis is the theory of spatial turn which was developed during the 1980s and is particularly associated with Michel Foucault's concept of "different spaces". Within the framework of this theory, the thesis deals with the arrangement of spaces that are typical of the Šumava region: the space of forest, mountains and borders. Šumava as a literary space is then characterised as a background scenery, a space influencing the plot and a personified space. In the last section of the thesis, two tendencies of landscape representation are highlighted: the fantastic and the realistic. Part of the thesis is also devoted to a literary overview of Czech and German literature from the Šumava district written in the period from the 19th century to the present day.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / O presente estudo visa a analisar a colaboraÃÃo intraturno do ouvinte na construÃÃo dos enunciados, mais precisamente, as intervenÃÃes feitas pelo ouvinte para auxiliar a construÃÃo dos enunciados do falante, em uma microinteraÃÃo intraturno, em diÃlogos entre informante e documentador (DID) e em diÃlogos entre dois informantes (D2), na norma oral do portuguÃs popular da cidade de Fortaleza (NORPOFOR). Para isso, assumimos, em nossa anÃlise, a orientaÃÃo do paradigma funcional, em que a lÃngua à considerada um instrumento de interaÃÃo social entre os seres humanos e usada com a intenÃÃo de estabelecer interaÃÃes comunicativas, devendo ser estudada dentro do uso real (HENGEVELD; MACKENZIE, 2008). Procuramos discutir o papel discursivo da colaboraÃÃo intraturno com base nas ideias apresentadas por Hengeveld; Mackenzie (2008), na obra Functional Discourse Grammar, principalmente no que diz respeito Ãs operaÃÃes do Componente Gramatical e ao Componente Contextual da lÃngua, que sÃo responsÃveis pelas operaÃÃes de formulaÃÃo e codificaÃÃo dos enunciados e pelas informaÃÃes contextuais compartilhadas na interaÃÃo; e trabalhamos com alguns pressupostos e conceitos operacionais da AnÃlise da ConversaÃÃo, principalmente os discutidos por Hilgert (2002), para a anÃlise dos diÃlogos. Nossa pesquisa utiliza 30 inquÃritos do NORPOFOR (10 inquÃritos do tipo DID; e 20, do tipo D2, para podermos fazer uma aproximaÃÃo entre esses dois tipos de inquÃritos em termos de duraÃÃo em minutos de transcriÃÃo deles) e analisa a colaboraÃÃo intraturno considerando, de um modo integrado, os aspectos sintÃticos, semÃnticos e pragmÃticos que a caracterizam nessas duas situaÃÃes de comunicaÃÃo. A pesquisa traz resultados inÃditos sobre o processo de colaboraÃÃo intraturno do ouvinte, evidenciando como ele se comporta durante a posse do turno do falante. Os resultados da anÃlise dos dados revelaram que, em ambos os inquÃritos, a colaboraÃÃo Ã, em geral, expressa por um sintagma nominal ou por uma palavra com a funÃÃo pragmÃtica primordial de designar termos, incidindo na operaÃÃo de codificaÃÃo dos elementos do Move que corresponde ao turno do falante (Move Turno). A anÃlise tambÃm evidenciou que, alÃm dessa funÃÃo pragmÃtica, a colaboraÃÃo intraturno pode desempenhar a funÃÃo de orientaÃÃo argumentativa e incidir no processo de formulaÃÃo dos enunciados, interferindo na construÃÃo da argumentaÃÃo do turno. Essa funÃÃo ocorreu, principalmente, nos diÃlogos entre dois informantes, em que o documentador quase nÃo participa para colaborar e cabe aos informantes atuarem no coprocessamento dos enunciados. Isso evidencia que o ouvinte, em uma situaÃÃo comunicativa mais informal, colabora com expressÃes mais marcadas axiologicamente, refletindo um juÃzo de valor em suas colaboraÃÃes. Vale ressaltar que, nos inquÃritos do tipo DID, o participante que colabora com maior frequÃncia à o documentador, o que pode evidenciar uma maior preocupaÃÃo dele na clareza dos enunciados produzidos pelo informante, uma vez que à a fala deste que serà analisada.

In the following essay, I have studied a relatively new spiritual phenomenon in Swedish society, yoga retreats, through interviews with eight representatives. I have examined how these representatives perceive their participants' needs and motives, and how these are answered. I have also studied whether the activities within the retreats are compatible with the historian of religion, Anne-Christine Hornborg's research regarding coaching. My research has shown that in addition to a need for recovery, there is also a perception that participants are looking for tools and methods to deal with a stressful everyday life. Furthermore, I have also distinguished a tendency that these tools and methods were being used as means for personal development. This tendency, along with a similar target group, a shared use of language and attitude regarding the concept of religion, was something that was comparable with coaching. Despite the fact that both activities point to the individual's inner spirituality, which can be retrieved through different methods, the goal of each activity differs. While coaching focuses on a non-religious goal, often aimed at the personal career, the goal of yoga retreats is to answer to participants existential needs, expressed in words of purpose, meaning and longing. Thus, the representatives prescribe one solution (tools and methods for personal development) for both worldy and spritual/religious needs within their participants. I have also shown that there is an ambivalence among the representatives regarding how the offered methods should be used. While there is a perception that the goal is achieved through methods, several representatives show dissatisfaction with the fact that their participants overly fixate on these methods, as this may distract the participants from the expressed goal.

In the aviation industry, safety and robustness are the number one priorities, which is why they use well-tested systems such as hydraulic actuators. However, drawbacks such as high weight and maintenance have pushed the industry toward newer, electrical, actuators that are more efficient and lighter. Electrical actuators, on the other hand, have some reliability issues. In particular, short circuits in the stator windings of Permanent-Magnet SynchronousMotors (PMSMs), referred to as Inter-Turn Short Faults (ITSFs), are the dominating faults, and is the focus of this thesis. ITSFs are usually challenging to detect and often do not become noticeable until the fault has propagated, and the motor is on the verge of being destroyed. This thesis investigates the possibility of detecting ITSFs in a PMSM, at an early stage when only one turn is shorted. The method is limited to finding the faults using ML algorithms. Both an experiential PMSM and a simulated model of the experimental PMSM, with the ability to induce an ITSF, were used to collect the data. Several Machine Learning (ML) models were developed, and then trained and tested with the collected data. The results show that four of the tested ML models, being: Random Forest, Gaussian SVM, KNN, and the CNN, all achieve an accuracy exceeding 95%, and that the fault can be found at an early stage in a PMSM with three coils connected in parallel in each phase. The results also show that the ML models are able to identify the ITSF when the simulated data is downsampled to the same frequency as the experimental data. We conclude that the ML models, provided in this study, can be used to detect an ITSF in a simulated PMSM, at an early stage when only one turn is shorted, and that there is great potential for them to detect ITSFs in a physical motor as well.

This study is a small portion of a larger work examining the effects of low dosage robot use in interactive and social engagement therapy for children with autism. The purpose of this study was to investigate the participation of the subjects during song activities. Four children were used as participants, each receiving a total of 20 play-based treatment sessions targeting engagement and social interaction. The clinician incorporated the robot into these treatment sessions for 10 minute long segments within a 50 minute session. The current study analyzed these 10 minute segments with the robot, coding turn-taking behaviors. Results indicated that, at least for a time, the robot facilitated improvement in these behaviors for two of the four children. The other two children demonstrated no improvements. These results are discussed, and the limitations of the study and recommendations for future research are examined.

Despite numerous studies demonstrating the effectiveness of Restricted Crossing U-Turn (RCUT) intersection design, its implementation remains uneven and close to zero in some large states such as California. This research provides a comprehensive framework to estimate the operational and safety performance of future RCUT designs in California. The framework is demonstrated for five intersections located on high-speed rural expressways in California using VISSIM microsimulation models to measure operational performance for each intersection including the base condition with the existing Two-Way Stop-Controlled (TWSC) intersection and two RCUT designs. To evaluate future safety performance, the microsimulation models were further utilized to compile vehicle trajectory data to use with the Surrogate Safety Assessment Model (SSAM) to develop a surrogate measure-based approach to estimating future safety performance. Detailed Intersection Control Evaluation (ICE) studies found that the RCUT was cost-effective and the preferred alternative. This framework may be applied to the analysis of locations where a RCUT intersection may be appropriate. The framework demonstrated here may be used by agencies to estimate the future benefits of the first-time application of treatments that have been successful elsewhere. Based on simulation results, the proposed RCUT designs reduced or eliminated the more severe crossing conflicts.

No description available.

No / This introduction presents how views on ‘the local turn’ in peacebuilding has evolved into a significant discourse. Currently, it has ‘its moment’ and is widely used by theorists and practitioners alike, by normative localists as well as by liberal policy-makers, albeit for different reasons and with differing intensions. We suggest that international interventions for the purpose of peacebuilding cannot be justified a priori, but requires resonance at the ‘receiving end’, which the local dimension potentially offers. It is however an elusive and contested concept that requires thorough scrutiny and critical assessment. Here a collection of conceptual and empirical articles is contextualised and introduced, painting a broad state-of-the-art of the pros and cons of the local turn.

Multimodal interfaces are becoming increasingly important with the advent of mobile devices, accessibility considerations, and novel software technologies that combine diverse interaction media. This thesis investigates systems support for web browsing in a multimodal interface. Specifically, we outline the design and implementation of a software framework that integrates hyperlink and voice interaction. This enables the user to engage in out-of-turn interactions to personalize access at an information site. For the developer, the framework enables the creation of sites that adapt to the needs of users, yet permits fine-grained control over what interactions to support. Design methodology, implementation details, and two case studies are presented. / Master of Science

Ce travail décrit la synthèse et l'étude structurale de 1:1-[alpha/alpha-Nalpha-Bn-hydrazino]mères linéaires et cycliques. Après avoir mis au point une méthode générale de synthèse en solution des alpha-Nalpha-hydrazinoesters diversement substitués sur l'azote alpha, ces derniers ont été engagés dans l'élaboration de 1:1-[alpha/alpha-Nalpha-Bn-hydrazino]mères linéaires et cycliques de taille variable. Des études conformationnelles utilisant la RMN, l'IR et les RX ont permis de montrer que la présence de l'azote supplémentaire dans le squelette permettait l'établissement de liaisons hydrogène intramoléculaires conduisant à la formation d'hydrazinoturn. Ainsi l'alternance d'acides alpha-aminés naturels et d'alpha-hydrazinoacides conduit à une auto-structuration des oligomères linéaires par formation de y-turn et d'hydrazinoturn, identique en série hétéro- comme homochirale. En série cyclique, une analyse par RX a permis de mettre en évidence, à l'état solide, la formation de nanotubes due à l'empilement des cyclotétramères hétérochiraux. Cette conformation existe dans le toluène et le dodécane et conduit à la formation d'un gel. Bien que n'ayant pas de preuves de sa structure à l'état solide, le gel formé par le cyclohexamère hétérochiral dans le cyclohexane nous conforte dans l'idée d'une auto-structuration comparable. Les analyses RMN et IR en variation de concentration et température ont quant à elles mis en évidence la dynamique de formation des nanotubes. L'étude sur le cyclotétramère homochiral a cependant montré qu'il ne formait pas de gel. Le gel étant révélateur d'une auto-structuration, ceci nous conduit à nous interroger sur la versatilité du squelette macrocyclique 1:1-[alpha/alpha-Nalpha-Bn-hydrazino] pour l'établissement de nanotubes / This work describes the synthesis and the structural study of linear and cyclic 1:1-[alpha/alpha-Nalpha-Bn-hydrazino]mers. After having designed a general method to synthesize alpha-Nalpha-hydrazinoesters with various surrogates on the alpha nitrogen in solution, these were used to build linear and cyclic 1:1-[alpha/alpha-Nalpha-Bn-hydrazino]mers of varied length. Conformational studies resorting to NMR, IR and X-ray crystallography have shown that the presence of a supplementary nitrogen within the backbone enables to form intramolecular hydrogen bonds, leading to the formation of hydrazinoturns. Thus, the alternation of natural alpha-aminoacids and alpha-hydrazinoacids leads to the autostructuration of the linear oligomers through the formation of y-turns and hydrazinoturns, both in the hetero and homochiral series. In the cyclic series, an X-ray crystallography analysis revealed the formation of nanotubes in the solid state, through the stacking of heterochiral cyclotetramers. This conformation exists in toluene and dodecane and leads to the formation of a gel. Despite having no proof of its structure in the solid state, the gel formed by the heterochiral cyclohexamer in cyclohexane confirms a comparable auto-structuration. Finally, concentration- and temperature-dependant NMR and IR studies have revealed the dynamics of the formation of nanotubes. The study of the homochiral cyclotetramer has however shown that it was not able to form a gel. As the gel is indicative of an auto-structuration, this has led us to question the versatility of the macrocyclic 1:1-[alpha/alpha-Nalpha-Bn-hydrazino] backbone towards the formation of nanotubes