No description available.

Diss. Uppsala : Uppsala universitet, 2006.

O estudo propõe através de um modelo matemático a criação do Índice de Infra-estrutura Urbana (INURB), que tem por objetivo principal auxiliar os administradores na tomada de decisões em relação às políticas públicas referentes aos serviços de infra-estrutura. O índice associa os serviços de infra-estrutura urbana do tipo: pavimentação, drenagem, abastecimento de água, esgoto sanitário, energia elétrica e coleta de lixo a qualidade de vida. O modelo produz um índice adimensional, que pode assumir valores entre zero e um, de tal forma que quanto mais próximo do um, maior a presença dos serviços de infra-estrutura naquela unidade de análise, consequentemente melhor a qualidade de vida. O modelo foi aplicado nas principais cidades do Litoral Norte do Rio Grande do Sul, que formam o novo aglomerado urbano, denominado de Aglomeração Urbana do Litoral Norte. Os resultados obtidos são interpretados é com nestes é traçado o perfil da Infra-estrutura Urbana das cidades do litoral norte do Rio Grande do Sul. / This study proposes, through a mathematical model, the creation of the Urban Infrastructure Index - INURB (Índice de Infra-estrutura Urbana), whose main goal is to help managers make decisions as to the public policies related to the infrastructure services. The Indicator associates the urban infrastructure services from paving, drainage, water supply, sanitary sewage, electric power and garbage collection to life quality . The model produces an adimensional index, which can assume values between zero and one, so that the nearer to one, the greater the presence of the infrastructure services in that unit of analysis, and, as a result, a better life quality. The model was used in the main Northern Seacoast towns of Rio Grande do Sul state, forming the new urban agglomerate, called Northern Seacoast Urban Agglomeration. The results obtained are interpreted according to the profile of the Urban Infrastructure of the Northern Seacoast towns of Rio Grande do Sul state.

O estudo propõe através de um modelo matemático a criação do Índice de Infra-estrutura Urbana (INURB), que tem por objetivo principal auxiliar os administradores na tomada de decisões em relação às políticas públicas referentes aos serviços de infra-estrutura. O índice associa os serviços de infra-estrutura urbana do tipo: pavimentação, drenagem, abastecimento de água, esgoto sanitário, energia elétrica e coleta de lixo a qualidade de vida. O modelo produz um índice adimensional, que pode assumir valores entre zero e um, de tal forma que quanto mais próximo do um, maior a presença dos serviços de infra-estrutura naquela unidade de análise, consequentemente melhor a qualidade de vida. O modelo foi aplicado nas principais cidades do Litoral Norte do Rio Grande do Sul, que formam o novo aglomerado urbano, denominado de Aglomeração Urbana do Litoral Norte. Os resultados obtidos são interpretados é com nestes é traçado o perfil da Infra-estrutura Urbana das cidades do litoral norte do Rio Grande do Sul. / This study proposes, through a mathematical model, the creation of the Urban Infrastructure Index - INURB (Índice de Infra-estrutura Urbana), whose main goal is to help managers make decisions as to the public policies related to the infrastructure services. The Indicator associates the urban infrastructure services from paving, drainage, water supply, sanitary sewage, electric power and garbage collection to life quality . The model produces an adimensional index, which can assume values between zero and one, so that the nearer to one, the greater the presence of the infrastructure services in that unit of analysis, and, as a result, a better life quality. The model was used in the main Northern Seacoast towns of Rio Grande do Sul state, forming the new urban agglomerate, called Northern Seacoast Urban Agglomeration. The results obtained are interpreted according to the profile of the Urban Infrastructure of the Northern Seacoast towns of Rio Grande do Sul state.

No description available.

O estudo propõe através de um modelo matemático a criação do Índice de Infra-estrutura Urbana (INURB), que tem por objetivo principal auxiliar os administradores na tomada de decisões em relação às políticas públicas referentes aos serviços de infra-estrutura. O índice associa os serviços de infra-estrutura urbana do tipo: pavimentação, drenagem, abastecimento de água, esgoto sanitário, energia elétrica e coleta de lixo a qualidade de vida. O modelo produz um índice adimensional, que pode assumir valores entre zero e um, de tal forma que quanto mais próximo do um, maior a presença dos serviços de infra-estrutura naquela unidade de análise, consequentemente melhor a qualidade de vida. O modelo foi aplicado nas principais cidades do Litoral Norte do Rio Grande do Sul, que formam o novo aglomerado urbano, denominado de Aglomeração Urbana do Litoral Norte. Os resultados obtidos são interpretados é com nestes é traçado o perfil da Infra-estrutura Urbana das cidades do litoral norte do Rio Grande do Sul. / This study proposes, through a mathematical model, the creation of the Urban Infrastructure Index - INURB (Índice de Infra-estrutura Urbana), whose main goal is to help managers make decisions as to the public policies related to the infrastructure services. The Indicator associates the urban infrastructure services from paving, drainage, water supply, sanitary sewage, electric power and garbage collection to life quality . The model produces an adimensional index, which can assume values between zero and one, so that the nearer to one, the greater the presence of the infrastructure services in that unit of analysis, and, as a result, a better life quality. The model was used in the main Northern Seacoast towns of Rio Grande do Sul state, forming the new urban agglomerate, called Northern Seacoast Urban Agglomeration. The results obtained are interpreted according to the profile of the Urban Infrastructure of the Northern Seacoast towns of Rio Grande do Sul state.

Master of Landscape Architecture / Department of Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning / Eric A. Bernard / This study is an integration of GIS, the Arc Hydro data model and tools, and hydrologic models to solve land use planning issues in the Little Kitten Creek watershed, Riley County, Kansas. Every day designers plan and design in watersheds. These designs alter the land use cover and change the hydrologic regime. Generally the design and development process does not consider upstream/downstream impacts on water quality and quantity. As a result development often increases flooding and water pollution. With the advent of the geodatabase, and the Arc Hydro geodatabase data model, designers have a flexible new tool for rapid simulation of a watershed. Arc Hydro allows the incorporation of traditional hydrologic data into linked modeling software together enabling users a “one-stop” approach for assimilating and modeling water resource systems. Once hydrologic data is in the Arc Hydro format it can be incorporated into assessment models, such as the Map to Map model. This case study assessed the floodplain analysis capabilities of the Map to Map model in the Little Kitten Creek (HUC 14) watershed. Steps to accomplish this goal were: data collection (digital and field surveys) and processing, geodatabase construction, linking the geodatabase with hydrologic modeling programs and, analysis of land uses within the watershed using the Map to Map model with the intent to produce flood maps based on land use changes.

Urban land use and land cover has changed in the USA, giving rise to the American lawn – manicured, resource-intensive, and non-native. Green infrastructure design has been suggested in the literature as a potential alternative to the American lawn when managed as native xeriscapes, which require little to no irrigation after establishment. Given the influence of public preference on landscaping decisions, what is the relationship between the perceived value and ecological benefits of the American lawn compared to such alternatives? Few studies have explored this question in addition to the effects of college courses on influencing student preferences, as future stakeholders, towards native xeriscapes as alternatives to the American lawn. This research measured the effects of an introductory environmental education (EE) course on measurably influencing undergraduate student preferences for four xeriscapes as alternatives to the American lawn. To measure these effects, this study utilized the perceptions of 488 students enrolled in an indirect introductory EE course and 131 students enrolled in an introductory non-EE course. Three key results emerged from this research. Students preferred the American lawn more than xeriscape alternatives, irrespective to course enrolled. Introductory non-EE did not have an effect on student preferences, whereas indirect introductory EE did show some effects on student preferences. Lastly, student preferences were negatively associated with NPP per photosynthetically active square meter. The data from this study suggests that indirect introductory EE does not shift aesthetic landscape preferences towards pro-environmental alternatives. These results show promise for shifting such preferences via more direct EE approaches.

The living wage movement swept American cities in the mid-1990s, bringing new attention to working poverty and challenging the economic development ethos of urban regimes. This case study of the living wage in Philadelphia merges regime theory and social movement theory to explain the outcomes of two very different campaigns in 1997-1999 and 2005. Documents were examined and interviews were conducted with a variety of actors in social movement organizations, a union, and from within the regime. Socioeconomic conditions created fertile ground for economic justice advocates and constrained the actions of the regime, but did not determine the outcome of the campaign. A social movement analysis explains, in part, why the coalition lacked capacity to challenge the regime in the earlier campaign, although a similar level of mobilization was adequate in other cities with Democratic regimes. Regime theory provides insights into why the governing coalition mounted opposition in 1998, yet allowed an ostensibly similar bill to pass in 2005. By 2005 social movement organizations were operating on a different geographic scale, and had adopted new strategies that allowed them to use a weak living wage bill (and to be used in turn by a regime politician) as a means to an end, which was to impact working poverty statewide. There has been inadequate enforcement of a policy passed from within city council, without involvement of direct stakeholders. / Urban Studies

This study deals with municipal planning in municipalities that has a declining population, often referred to as shrinking municipalities. Data collection was done by interviews with civil servants tasked with planning in municipalities. The interview’s purpose was to gather knowledge on the experience of working within a shrinking municipality. The civil servants interviewed worked within Laxå, Sävsjö, Vimmerby, Hultsfred and Valdemarsvik municipality. The data from the interview was analyzed in relation to earlier research about societies and region with a decline in population and has its theoretical framework in the growth-critical theory degrowth. The results that’s the basis for analysis is structured after four different themes. These themes touch on the subjects of challenges, possibilities, strategies, activities as well as attitude in relation to the civil servants’ experiences.  The analysis of the results ends up problematizing the growth paradigm since shrinking municipalities becomes disadvantaged by creating growth-oriented strategies. Furthermore, the results show how creative solutions to counter or alternatively adapt shrinkage remains absent in shrinking municipalities due to a lack of a long-term perspective in planning. / Denna studie behandlar samhällsplanering i kommuner med en minskande befolkning, ofta benämnt som krympande kommuner. Materialinsamlingen till studien genomfördes med intervjuer där tjänstepersoner som jobbar med samhällsplanering tillfrågades. Syftet med intervjuerna var att ta in tjänstepersonernas erfarenheter om att jobba i en krympande kommun. Tjänstepersonerna som intervjuades tillhörde Laxå, Sävsjö, Vimmerby, Hultsfred och Valdemarsvik kommun. Intervjumaterialet analyserades i relation tidigare forskning om minskande samhällen och regioner med teoretisk utgångspunkt i tillväxtkritiska teorin degrowth. I resultatet presenteras det material som vidare ligger till grund för analysen strukturerade efter fyra olika teman. Dessa teman berör utmaningar, möjligheter, strategier, verksamheter och inställning i förhållande till tjänstepersonernas erfarenheter. Analysen av resultatet leder i slutet till en problematisering av tillväxtparadigmet då minskande kommuner missgynnas av att utforma tillväxtorienterade strategier. Vidare påvisade även resultatet att kreativa lösningar för att motverka alternativt anpassa krympande uteblir i krympande kommuner till följd av brist på långsiktigt perspektiv i samhällsplaneringen.