A conservação do patrimônio urbano encontra, nesta tese, aspectos de sua gênese legal na Itália. Abordam-se, em diálogo com a historiografia dedicada à obra de Gustavo Giovanonni, as importantes contribuições desse influente engenheiro para a introdução do conceito de \"ambiente\" nas leis de proteção do patrimônio cultural desse país no período entreguerras, inclusive aquelas voltadas para as chamadas \"belezas naturais e panorâmicas\". Com a interpretação de ideias e expressões utilizadas por Giovannoni, como \"ambiente do monumento\", \"ambiente tradicional dos lugares\" e \"complexo de coisas imóveis que compõem um característico aspecto com valor estético e tradicional\", evidencia-se ter sido ele um agente central à ampliação da tutela no seu país, para além daquela voltada ao \"monumento\" isolado, assim como para a introdução, na legislação, de instrumentos importantes para o campo da conservação urbana, como a figura do \"plano\". Nesse processo, identifica-se grande coerência entre a atuação do Giovannoni consultor ministerial e a do Giovannoni idealizador de leis, assim como entre o Giovannoni prático e o teórico, em campos imbricados como aqueles que hoje seriam definidos como do desenho urbano, do planejamento urbano e da conservação urbana. Intenta-se empreender uma abordagem historiográfica que contemple esse personagem, respeitando a complexidade de sua atuação. / The conservation of urban heritage finds, in this thesis, aspects of its legal genesis in Italy. Through dialogue with the historiography dedicated to the work of Gustavo Giovanonni, the thesis touches on the important contributions this influential engineer had on the introduction of the idea of \"ambiente\" in laws protecting cultural heritage in the country in the period between the first and second world wars, including those concerning so-called \"natural and panoramic beauties\". Through the interpretation of ideas and expressions used by Giovannoni, such as \"ambiente of monuments\", \"traditional ambiente of sites\" and \"the complex of immovable objects which form an appearance of aesthetic and traditional value\", we can see clearly that he was a key figure in widening the scope of protection laws in his country, taking it beyond that concerning isolated monuments as well as introducing legislation concerning important measures to be used in the area of urban conservation such as a master plan. During this process we can identify a great coherence between the work of Giovannoni as ministerial consultant and that of Giovannoni creator of laws, as well as the practical and theoretic Giovannoni in overlapping areas, such as those today defined as urban design, urban planning and urban conservation. The intention of this work is to use a historiographical approach which contemplates this man whilst respecting the complexity of his work.

A pesquisa pretende contribuir para o estudo da trajetória de preservação do patrimônio arquitetônico e urbanístico no país por meio da análise das estratégias de intervenção no conjunto urbano de Diamantina, empreendidas pelo Serviço do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (SPHAN), entre 1938 e 1967. Ao avaliarmos o percurso da cidade, nas três décadas seguintes ao seu tombamento, buscamos aprofundar a compreensão dos pressupostos teóricos e das questões pragmáticas enfrentadas na intrincada tarefa à qual se lançou, pioneiramente, o corpo técnico do recém criado órgão federal de preservação. Este resgate se faz, sobretudo, a partir da documentação existente nos arquivos da própria instituição que, compreendida à luz do contexto da época, torna-se instrumento de reflexão acerca da complexa interação entre a população, o poder municipal, a direção central do SPHAN então representada por Rodrigo Melo Franco de Andrade , sua regional mineira, coordenada pelo arquiteto Sylvio de Vasconcellos, e o colaborador local, João Brandão Costa. O estudo atento dos procedimentos que foram se constituindo na prática vai, pouco a pouco, reconstruindo um cotidiano no qual o que se revela, nas entrelinhas das diretrizes formuladas para a inserção de novas edificações, para demolições e reconstruções, ou para as restaurações do casario existente, é um propósito maior de redesenho da história de si mesmo, da própria ideia de Brasil. / The research assists in an understanding of the Brazilian architectural and urban heritage preservation practices, by analysing the strategies of the federal organ then called the National Historical and Artistic Heritage Service (SPHAN) in the restoration works that were executed in the urban site of Diamantina, between 1938 e 1967. As we follow its path reviewing the three decades after the city was signed national monument , we go through a deeper comprehension of its theoretical concepts as well as its pragmatic issues that the staff of SPHAN had to deal with, in the very complex task they faced, pioneeringly. This search is recreated, mainly, by the analyses of the documents found in the archives of the institution. The documentation seen as a result of its context becomes, then, an useful instrument of careful examination on the intricate interactions between population, local government, and the main direction of SPHAN then represented by Rodrigo Melo Franco de Andrade , its state district, run by the architect Sylvio de Vasconcellos, and the city supporter, João Brandão Costa. The accurate investigation of the procedures that took place shows a panorama of recommendations for new constructions, demolitions and reconstructions, or for restorations of the existent houses that reveal a greater goal of retelling the history of itself, the own idea of Brazil.

Cette thèse questionne l’apport de la conservation du patrimoine urbain à l’urbanisme. Il y est avancé que l’association entre la conservation du patrimoine urbain et l'urbanisme, dans leur cadre conceptuel actuel, plutôt que d’être le catalyseur du renouvellement de l’urbanisme, a perpétué une appréhension fragmentée et une atomisation de l'établissement, consacrant ainsi le paradigme fonctionnaliste, qui conditionne encore largement les pratiques urbanistiques contemporaines, au Québec notamment. En effet, bien que depuis les années 1960 la conservation du patrimoine soit présentée comme le fil rouge dans le redéploiement de la compétence d’édifier, plusieurs études soulignent les résultats mitigés de nombreuses expériences de conservation ainsi qu’une contribution limitée relativement à la formulation des projets urbains. Plus particulièrement, malgré la reconnaissance de l’intérêt de la patrimonialisation et de la fécondité potentielle de l’idée de patrimoine en général, l’urbanisme n’est pas parvenu à en définir les termes de la contribution, tant au plan conceptuel que processuel, en regard de sa propre projectualité. De ce fait, il ne réussit pas à affranchir la réflexion patrimoniale du registre de la conservation afin de se l’approprier véritablement. Cette thèse explique les causes de cette incapacité à partir d’une analyse des conditions de l’appropriation de la notion de patrimoine urbain mises de l’avant par l’approche giovannonienne. Celle-ci, fondamentalement urbanistique, propose une conception du patrimoine urbain qui s’émancipe du monument historique et du registre de la conservation. Indissociable d’une projectualité urbanistique, l’intérêt pour le patrimoine urbain de Giovannoni relève d’une reconnaissance du déjà là qui fonde des modalités de prises en charge de l’existant. Celles-ci posent les bases d’un renouvellement de la manière de penser l’urbanisme. La notion giovannonienne de patrimoine urbain, qui réfère à l’ensemble urbain patrimonial, devient l’élément de base d’une analyse morphologique urbanistique qui permet de conceptualiser l’agglomération contemporaine comme ensemble marqué par les ruptures et les discontinuités. Prenant appui sur une démarche dialogique, l’approche giovannonienne relève d’une mise en tension des singularités et d’une appréhension conjointe des différentes registres, ceux des formes et des forces, de l’existant et du souhaité, du penser et du faire. Giovannoni dépasse ainsi l’opposition entre continuité et rupture portée par les pratiques afin de penser l’articulation du nouveau à l’ancien. La confrontation de l’approche giovannonienne aux différentes perspectives qui ont marqué l’urbanisme moderne, montre que ces modalités de prise en charge de l’existant sont conditionnelles à l’accomplissement des promesses de la considération du patrimoine urbain. Autrement, l’association de la conservation du patrimoine urbain et de l’urbanisme culmine dans une double assimilation : l’assimilation du patrimoine urbain au monument historique d’architecture conduit à confondre projet d’urbanisme et projet de conservation. / This thesis questions the contribution of heritage conservation to urbanism. It has been proposed that the association between heritage conservation and urbanism in their present conceptual framework, rather than being the catalyst for rethinking urban projects has perpetuated a sectoral approach and atomization of human settlement, thus entrenching the functionalist paradigm that still largely conditions contemporary planning practices, notably in Québec. Indeed, although heritage conservation has been a recurrent theme since the 1960s in the redeployment of town planning skills, several studies have underscored the mitigated results of numerous conservation attempts and also of the limited contribution made to the planning of urban projects. More specifically, in spite of the interest in heritage conservation and the potentially fertile nature of the idea of heritage generally, urbanism has not yet defined the terms of the contribution, not only from a conceptual point of view but also from a urbanistic point of view with respect to its project-based thinking (progettualità). Consequently, urbanism does not succeed in overcoming the heritage idea of the preservation register in order to fully encompass it. This thesis explains the causes of this inability from an analysis of the conditions for adopting the notion of urban heritage as advanced by Giovannoni. This fundamentally urbanistic approach puts forward a concept of urban heritage that has freed itself from the historical monument of the preservation register. Inseparable from an urbanistic project-based system, the interest for Giovannoni’s urban heritage arises from a recognition that what already exists creates a means for grasping the true personality of place and therefore offers insight for better urban design and planning. Giovannoni’s idea of urban heritage becomes the basic element of an urbanistic morphological analysis that allows for the conceptualization of the modern city as an entity marked by ruptures and discontinuities. Giovannoni exploits the differences in the personality of urban entities, such as places, neighbourhoods, etc., and visits back and forth between different scales and registers, those of forms and forces, of the existing and the hoped for, of ideas and action. Giovannoni thus goes beyond the divergence between continuity and rupture that marks, in a general way, the practices for envisioning the articulation of the new to the old. When we compare Giovannoni’s approach to the different views that have impacted modern urbanism, we find that his practices for using what already exists is the condition for the realization of urban heritage promises. Otherwise, the association of heritage conservation and urbanism culminates in the assimilation of urban heritage to the historical monument of architecture, and therefore leads to equating the urban project to the conservation project.

O presente trabalho pretende contribuir com o aprofundamento da discussão em torno das dinâmicas espaciais urbanas materializadas nas permanências e transformações na paisagem urbana. A partir de tais dinâmicas se constituem os patrimônios históricos e culturais como proposta institucional para a consolidação e a permanência de determinados valores e identidades significativas. O objetivo geral é fornecer subsídios para compreensão de tais dinâmicas a partir da dimensão cultural da cidade, tomando o Centro de São Paulo como objeto. O objetivo específico é identificar e compreender as condições em que se constituem os significados do patrimônio ambiental urbano a partir das práticas sociais. Neste sentido, proponho a noção de focos qualitativos como lugares portadores de um potencial de significação que, independentemente de incluírem elementos arrolados oficialmente como bens patrimoniais, desempenham o papel de referência, orientação e identidade espacial na perspectiva do espaço vivido e do cotidiano do habitante. Esta hipótese implica em que os focos qualitativos constituam instrumento para a formulação das condições de qualificação do espaço urbano através da compreensão dos modos pelos quais os valores propostos pelo patrimônio ambiental urbano são vivenciados e apropriados nas práticas sociais e no cotidiano / The present work intends to contribute with the deepening of the discussion around the urban space dynamics, materialized in the permanence and changes in urban landscape. Such dynamics constitute the historic sites and cultural heritage as the institutional proposal to consolidate and conserve significant social values and identities. Thus, the general objective is to supply subsidies to understanding such dynamics from the perspective of the city\'s cultural dimension, taking São Paulo downtown as object. The specific objective is to identify and understand the conditions of constitution of the urban environmental heritage meanings from the perspective of social practices. In this way, I consider the notion of qualitative foci as places of potential meaning that, independently of being officially admitted as cultural heritage, play the role of reference, orientation and space identity in the perspective of the lived space and the daily life of the inhabitants. This hypothesis implies that qualitative foci constitute an instrument to formulate the conditions of urban space qualification through the understanding of the ways in which the values proposed by the environmental urban heritage are lived and appropriated in social practices and daily life.

Le dispositif des secteurs sauvegardés, créé par la « Loi Malraux » en 1962, avait pour ambition non seulement d’assurer la conservation des ensembles architecturaux historiques mais aussi de leur redonner une place active au sein de la ville contemporaine. Considérés pendant longtemps comme des monuments à part entière, les secteurs sauvegardés tendent depuis une dizaine d’années à s’affirmer comme des lieux d’innovation en matière de réhabilitation architecturale. Ces quartiers anciens, qui ne représentent plus aujourd’hui qu’une infime partie de l’espace urbanisé français, se distinguent par la durabilité des constructions qui les composent et par l’intelligence de leur morphologie. Le cœur historique de Vitré, dont les transformations sont encadrées par un secteur sauvegardé depuis 1976, témoigne de la richesse de l’histoire économique, politique et sociale de la ville depuis le 13ème siècle. Épargné de l’urbanisme brutal qui se généralise dans la première moitié du 20ème siècle grâce à la volonté du service des Monuments historiques, il fait l’objet depuis la création du secteur sauvegardé de nombreuses interventions de restau-ration et de réhabilitation. À partir de l’étude de la ville de Vitré, cette recherche analyse ce qu’était le patrimoine logement avant la création du secteur sauvegardé, ce qu’on en a fait, et ce qu’il tend à devenir. L’étude est présentée en cinq volumes associant le texte (volume I), les cartes, plans, tableaux et documents iconographiques (volume II), ainsi que les notices se rapportant aux études d’inventaire (volume III à V). / The safeguarded sectors plan, created by the "Malraux Law" in 1962, aimed not only to ensure historical architecture sets preservation but also to give them back an active place within the contem-porary city. Considered for a long time as monuments in their own right, the safeguarded sectors have been tending over the past ten years to become innovation places in terms of architectural rehabilitation. These old districts which are today representing only a tiny portion of the french urbanized areas are distinguishable by the durability of their buildings and the cleverness of their morphology. The historic core of Vitré, whose the transformations are regulated by a safeguarded sector since 1976, testify the economic, political, and social richness of the city history from the 13th century. Spared from the brutal city planning which has spread in the first half of the 20th century thanks to the will of the Historic Monuments Department, it has been subject of numerous restoration and rehabilitation since the creation of the safeguarded sector. From the study of the Vitré city, this research looks at the housing heritage before the creation of the safeguarded sector, what has been achieved with it and what it tends to become. The study is composed of five volumes: the text (Volume I), the maps, plans, tables and iconographic documents (Volume II) and the inventory studies catalogue (Volume III to V).

Esta dissertação aborda a dimensão pública da arquitetura tendo como objeto de estudo dois projetos de edifícios culturais situados no Vale do Anhangabaú: a Praça das Artes, concebida pelo escritório Brasil Arquitetura em parceria com a Secretaria de Cultura do Município; e o Centro Cultural dos Correios, projetado pelo UNA arquitetos. Centrada na análise de projetos, o intuito da presente pesquisa é identificar a contribuição desses equipamentos culturais ao complexo processo de transformação da área central da cidade, e a importância da intervenção arquitetônica no patrimônio histórico nesse processo. O trabalho propõe uma sistematização e interpretação crítica dos princípios da prática arquitetônica do centro de São Paulo, e apresenta novos caminhos para o desenho de intervenções no patrimônio edificado que estejam comprometidas com a arquitetura de seu tempo. / This dissertation analyses the public dimension of architecture using two cultural buildings in the Vale of Anhangabaú as case studies: The Praça das Artes, conceived by the Brasil Arquitetura architecture firm in partnership with the São Paulo City Secretary of Culture, and the Centro Cultural dos Correios, designed by UNA Architects. Employing architectural project analysis, the goal of this research is to identify the contribution of such cultural edifices to the complex process of transformation of São Paulo\'s city centre, as well as the relevance of architectural interventions in the city\'s historical heritage. This research offers a systematic review and a critical interpretation of the recent architectural practices in the São Paulo city centre. It also suggests new ways for designing interventions in heritage buildings, which are committed to the architecture of previous epochs.

Esta dissertação aborda a dimensão pública da arquitetura tendo como objeto de estudo dois projetos de edifícios culturais situados no Vale do Anhangabaú: a Praça das Artes, concebida pelo escritório Brasil Arquitetura em parceria com a Secretaria de Cultura do Município; e o Centro Cultural dos Correios, projetado pelo UNA arquitetos. Centrada na análise de projetos, o intuito da presente pesquisa é identificar a contribuição desses equipamentos culturais ao complexo processo de transformação da área central da cidade, e a importância da intervenção arquitetônica no patrimônio histórico nesse processo. O trabalho propõe uma sistematização e interpretação crítica dos princípios da prática arquitetônica do centro de São Paulo, e apresenta novos caminhos para o desenho de intervenções no patrimônio edificado que estejam comprometidas com a arquitetura de seu tempo. / This dissertation analyses the public dimension of architecture using two cultural buildings in the Vale of Anhangabaú as case studies: The Praça das Artes, conceived by the Brasil Arquitetura architecture firm in partnership with the São Paulo City Secretary of Culture, and the Centro Cultural dos Correios, designed by UNA Architects. Employing architectural project analysis, the goal of this research is to identify the contribution of such cultural edifices to the complex process of transformation of São Paulo\'s city centre, as well as the relevance of architectural interventions in the city\'s historical heritage. This research offers a systematic review and a critical interpretation of the recent architectural practices in the São Paulo city centre. It also suggests new ways for designing interventions in heritage buildings, which are committed to the architecture of previous epochs.

Cette thèse questionne l’apport de la conservation du patrimoine urbain à l’urbanisme. Il y est avancé que l’association entre la conservation du patrimoine urbain et l'urbanisme, dans leur cadre conceptuel actuel, plutôt que d’être le catalyseur du renouvellement de l’urbanisme, a perpétué une appréhension fragmentée et une atomisation de l'établissement, consacrant ainsi le paradigme fonctionnaliste, qui conditionne encore largement les pratiques urbanistiques contemporaines, au Québec notamment. En effet, bien que depuis les années 1960 la conservation du patrimoine soit présentée comme le fil rouge dans le redéploiement de la compétence d’édifier, plusieurs études soulignent les résultats mitigés de nombreuses expériences de conservation ainsi qu’une contribution limitée relativement à la formulation des projets urbains. Plus particulièrement, malgré la reconnaissance de l’intérêt de la patrimonialisation et de la fécondité potentielle de l’idée de patrimoine en général, l’urbanisme n’est pas parvenu à en définir les termes de la contribution, tant au plan conceptuel que processuel, en regard de sa propre projectualité. De ce fait, il ne réussit pas à affranchir la réflexion patrimoniale du registre de la conservation afin de se l’approprier véritablement. Cette thèse explique les causes de cette incapacité à partir d’une analyse des conditions de l’appropriation de la notion de patrimoine urbain mises de l’avant par l’approche giovannonienne. Celle-ci, fondamentalement urbanistique, propose une conception du patrimoine urbain qui s’émancipe du monument historique et du registre de la conservation. Indissociable d’une projectualité urbanistique, l’intérêt pour le patrimoine urbain de Giovannoni relève d’une reconnaissance du déjà là qui fonde des modalités de prises en charge de l’existant. Celles-ci posent les bases d’un renouvellement de la manière de penser l’urbanisme. La notion giovannonienne de patrimoine urbain, qui réfère à l’ensemble urbain patrimonial, devient l’élément de base d’une analyse morphologique urbanistique qui permet de conceptualiser l’agglomération contemporaine comme ensemble marqué par les ruptures et les discontinuités. Prenant appui sur une démarche dialogique, l’approche giovannonienne relève d’une mise en tension des singularités et d’une appréhension conjointe des différentes registres, ceux des formes et des forces, de l’existant et du souhaité, du penser et du faire. Giovannoni dépasse ainsi l’opposition entre continuité et rupture portée par les pratiques afin de penser l’articulation du nouveau à l’ancien. La confrontation de l’approche giovannonienne aux différentes perspectives qui ont marqué l’urbanisme moderne, montre que ces modalités de prise en charge de l’existant sont conditionnelles à l’accomplissement des promesses de la considération du patrimoine urbain. Autrement, l’association de la conservation du patrimoine urbain et de l’urbanisme culmine dans une double assimilation : l’assimilation du patrimoine urbain au monument historique d’architecture conduit à confondre projet d’urbanisme et projet de conservation. / This thesis questions the contribution of heritage conservation to urbanism. It has been proposed that the association between heritage conservation and urbanism in their present conceptual framework, rather than being the catalyst for rethinking urban projects has perpetuated a sectoral approach and atomization of human settlement, thus entrenching the functionalist paradigm that still largely conditions contemporary planning practices, notably in Québec. Indeed, although heritage conservation has been a recurrent theme since the 1960s in the redeployment of town planning skills, several studies have underscored the mitigated results of numerous conservation attempts and also of the limited contribution made to the planning of urban projects. More specifically, in spite of the interest in heritage conservation and the potentially fertile nature of the idea of heritage generally, urbanism has not yet defined the terms of the contribution, not only from a conceptual point of view but also from a urbanistic point of view with respect to its project-based thinking (progettualità). Consequently, urbanism does not succeed in overcoming the heritage idea of the preservation register in order to fully encompass it. This thesis explains the causes of this inability from an analysis of the conditions for adopting the notion of urban heritage as advanced by Giovannoni. This fundamentally urbanistic approach puts forward a concept of urban heritage that has freed itself from the historical monument of the preservation register. Inseparable from an urbanistic project-based system, the interest for Giovannoni’s urban heritage arises from a recognition that what already exists creates a means for grasping the true personality of place and therefore offers insight for better urban design and planning. Giovannoni’s idea of urban heritage becomes the basic element of an urbanistic morphological analysis that allows for the conceptualization of the modern city as an entity marked by ruptures and discontinuities. Giovannoni exploits the differences in the personality of urban entities, such as places, neighbourhoods, etc., and visits back and forth between different scales and registers, those of forms and forces, of the existing and the hoped for, of ideas and action. Giovannoni thus goes beyond the divergence between continuity and rupture that marks, in a general way, the practices for envisioning the articulation of the new to the old. When we compare Giovannoni’s approach to the different views that have impacted modern urbanism, we find that his practices for using what already exists is the condition for the realization of urban heritage promises. Otherwise, the association of heritage conservation and urbanism culminates in the assimilation of urban heritage to the historical monument of architecture, and therefore leads to equating the urban project to the conservation project.

O presente trabalho pretende contribuir com o aprofundamento da discussão em torno das dinâmicas espaciais urbanas materializadas nas permanências e transformações na paisagem urbana. A partir de tais dinâmicas se constituem os patrimônios históricos e culturais como proposta institucional para a consolidação e a permanência de determinados valores e identidades significativas. O objetivo geral é fornecer subsídios para compreensão de tais dinâmicas a partir da dimensão cultural da cidade, tomando o Centro de São Paulo como objeto. O objetivo específico é identificar e compreender as condições em que se constituem os significados do patrimônio ambiental urbano a partir das práticas sociais. Neste sentido, proponho a noção de focos qualitativos como lugares portadores de um potencial de significação que, independentemente de incluírem elementos arrolados oficialmente como bens patrimoniais, desempenham o papel de referência, orientação e identidade espacial na perspectiva do espaço vivido e do cotidiano do habitante. Esta hipótese implica em que os focos qualitativos constituam instrumento para a formulação das condições de qualificação do espaço urbano através da compreensão dos modos pelos quais os valores propostos pelo patrimônio ambiental urbano são vivenciados e apropriados nas práticas sociais e no cotidiano / The present work intends to contribute with the deepening of the discussion around the urban space dynamics, materialized in the permanence and changes in urban landscape. Such dynamics constitute the historic sites and cultural heritage as the institutional proposal to consolidate and conserve significant social values and identities. Thus, the general objective is to supply subsidies to understanding such dynamics from the perspective of the city\'s cultural dimension, taking São Paulo downtown as object. The specific objective is to identify and understand the conditions of constitution of the urban environmental heritage meanings from the perspective of social practices. In this way, I consider the notion of qualitative foci as places of potential meaning that, independently of being officially admitted as cultural heritage, play the role of reference, orientation and space identity in the perspective of the lived space and the daily life of the inhabitants. This hypothesis implies that qualitative foci constitute an instrument to formulate the conditions of urban space qualification through the understanding of the ways in which the values proposed by the environmental urban heritage are lived and appropriated in social practices and daily life.

Les quartiers de la première couronne urbaine qui entourent le centre historique de Beyrouth connaissent actuellement une régénération spontanée – par opposition à celle planifiée du centre-ville attenant – qui se caractérise par de fortes inégalités socio-économiques, des politiques sectaires territorialisées, une fragmentation de l'espace urbain, etc. La ville, qui porte encore en elle les stigmates d’une guerre civile pourtant terminée depuis près d’un quart de siècle, connait un net recul de ses services urbains et de sa qualité de vie. Pourtant, malgré l’état de crise sécuritaire latent et bien au-delà de la crise économique mondiale, d’innombrables chantiers continuent de s’y développer. De par leur vulnérabilité aux dynamiques en cours et mentionnées ci-dessus, les zones péricentrales qui se sont développées à partir de la moitié du XIXème siècle sont particulièrement intéressantes à observer. Le quartier de Zokak el-Blat en constitue l’exemple le plus représentatif des dynamiques en cours. A travers une approche multidisciplinaire inscrite dans l’histoire contemporaine, la thèse tentera d’apporter un éclairage nouveau quant au concept de régénération urbaine. Particulièrement dans le cas où malgré le dynamisme apparent des investisseurs immobiliers, le modèle de régénération en cours comporte des stigmates au niveau social, morphologique et urbain, ainsi que des conséquences lourdes quant à la capacité de développement économique durable de la région considérée. Cette thèse s’appuie d’une part sur une approche historique et contextuelle visant à étudier les périodes de structuration urbaine moderne de la ville de Beyrouth et ce, en fonction de critères relevant de la constitution du rôle culturel du quartier, de son patrimoine bâti, du pacte social qui régit les relations de ses habitants ainsi que de la structuration de sa morphologie urbaine. Le rapport de force prévalant entre les secteurs privé et public, ainsi que le rôle et l’autorité de l’État face aux différentes forces politico-sectaires présentes sur le terrain viendront compléter cette lecture. Divers aspects se rapportant à la valorisation du patrimoine, ainsi que les processus de gentrification et de fragmentation, seront abordés pour leurs capacités à révéler les mécanismes en cours dans le quartier. Aux éléments précités, s’ajoute l’analyse du cadre institutionnel et réglementaire encadrant les opérations de régénération au Liban. Une attention particulière sera portée sur les nombreux blocages et entraves existants. L’émergence du principe de la « déconstruction urbaine » sera de même abordée comme pouvant servir à décrire les phénomènes complexes que connaissent certains quartiers beyrouthins. / The neighborhoods of the first urban ring that surround the historic center are currently experiencing a spontaneous regeneration – as opposed to the adjacent planned downtown – itself characterized by strong socio-economic inequalities, sectarian-based policies, fragmentation of the urban space, etc. The city, which still carries the stigma of a civil war that has been over for nearly a quarter century, is experiencing a sharp decline of its urban services and quality of life. Nonetheless, and despite the latent security crisis and the global economic crisis, countless building sites continue to develop. The pericentral areas that have developed since the mid-nineteenth century, by their vulnerability to the abovementioned current dynamics, are interesting to observe. The neighborhood of Zokak el-Blat being one of the most representative of the undergoing developments’ dynamics. Based on multidisciplinary approach in contemporary history, the thesis will try to shed a new light on the concept of urban renewal. Particularly when its dynamics can behold stigmata’s on social, morphological and urban levels, as well as heavy consequences on the capacity of sustainable development of the considered area. This thesis is partly based on a historical and contextual approach aimed at studying the various periods of the modern urban structuring of the city of Beirut. This approach will be based on several criteria such as the cultural role of the neighborhood, its architectural heritage, the social pact governing the relationships between its inhabitants as well as the structuring of its urban morphology. This approach will then be completed by a study of the prevailing balance of power between the private and public sectors as well as the role and authority of the state in the various existing politico-sectarian forces. Various aspects regarding the enhancement of the neighborhood’s heritage, as well as the processes of gentrification and fragmentation will be discussed for their ability to reveal the mechanisms taking place within the neighborhood. The analysis of the institutional and regulatory framework governing the regeneration processes in Lebanon will complete the previous multidisciplinary approach. Special attention will be paid to the many existing barriers and blockages. The emergence of the principle of "urban deconstruction" will also be discussed to describe complex phenomena experienced by some neighborhoods of Beirut.