Salvokop, the site chosen for this project, is due for some major changes in the next few years. Current development on Freedom Park, the future Gautrain initiative as well as a new drive by the local municipality to integrate the area into the CBD of Pretoria through a major 'Cultural Spine' throught the city make Salvokop a future destination of major interest. The Centre for the Performing Arts seeks to appeal to all facets of South African culture through a medium of expression that all appreciate: the medium of performance art. Specifically speaking, perfromance art applies to music, dance and drama. It is the ambition of this project to cater for al these forms on a level with which both public and performer may participate. Integration into the urban landscape is key, with this Centre engaging with the intended urban fabric of the area in such a way as to create a ariety of indoor and outdoor recreation and performance spaces. / Dissertation (M Arch (professional))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Architecture / unrestricted

This dissertation deals with the regeneration of Pretoria West as a sub-support district that will act as catalyst for the regeneration of Pretoria CBD. The project focuses specifically on the adaptive re-use of an unused existing building at the Pretoria West Power Station and acts as a possible solution for re-using an old building. The theoretical discourse of this dissertation explored the reasons why new areas in the city develops and other areas fall in a state of disuse. It looks specifically at unused industrial areas and what they can be used for after they have outlived their purpose. The picturesque quality of vacant industrial buildings has recently attracted many fashion photographers and has informed the programme for the project by providing a facility for the fashion industry, together with other proposed functions within the unused buildings at the Pretoria West Power Station in order to add new public functions into the existing urban fabric of Pretoria West. The dissertation investigates the similarities between the fashion industry and architecture, how they influence each other and ultimately how fashion can inspire the design of a new building within the envelope of an existing industrial building. AFRIKAANS : Die verhandeling ondersoek die herlewing van Pretoria Wes as 'n sub-ondersteunings distrik wat as katalisator sal dien vir die herlewing van Pretoria se middestad. Die projek fokus spesifiek op die hergebruik en aanpassing van 'n bestaande gebou by die Pretoria Wes Krag Stasie wat nie tans gebruik word nie. Die projek dien as moontlike oplossing vir die hergebruik van 'n bestaande gebou. Die teoretiese bespreking van die verhandeling ondersoek die redes waarom nuwe areas in die stad ontwikkel en ander areas in onbruik verval. Dit ondersoek spesifiek ongebruikte industriële areas en waarvoor dit gebruik kan word wanneer hul oorspronklike funksie vervul is. Die skilderagtige kwaliteit van ongebruikte en vervalle industriële geboue het onlangs menige mode-fotograwe gelok as kontrasterende agtergrond om hulle onderwerp af te neem. Dit het aanleiding gegee tot die nuwe program, 'n fasiliteit vir die mode-bedryf, tesame met ander publieke funksies, binne-in die ongebruikte geboue by die Pretoria Wes Krag Stasie. Die verhandeling bestudeer die ooreenkomste tussen die mode-ontwerp industrie en argitektuur, hoe hulle mekaar beïnvloed en gevolglik hoe die ontwerp van 'n nuwe gebou binne-in 'n bestaande gebou ingelig kan word deur mode-ontwerp. / Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Architecture / unrestricted

The social dimension of sustainability has been underdefined and under researched when compared to the fields of economic and environmental sustainability. The paper explores the difficulty in understating the concept of social sustainability and the difficulty in operationalising the concept, items discussed in interviews. Through a qualitative content analysis, the paper highlights how the concept of social sustainability is positioned within the sustainability discourse and in a conflictual relationship with the economic and environmental sustainability. The concept of social sustainability is explored in the understanding of both a traditional and a new set of values, the latter being a weak instrument in operationalising compared to the former. The role of governance in navigating the interpretation of social sustainability is explored, with particular focus on policies as the result of decision-making process in governance. Partnerships structures are emphasised as an answer to incorporating social sustainability components of equity, empowerment, representation, and inclusion in policymaking. Urban regeneration is explored as an opportunity to change at local level, and EU policies are presented to highlight the discourse of urban regeneration to be more inclusive of social sustainability themes. Lastly, the case study of Leipzig East suggests the local authorities’ means to create a more socially sustainable governance structure during urban regeneration programmes. The case study shows strong local leadership and attention to power sharing during partnership schemes which involve public, private, and civic actors alike. The paper shows how Leipzig’s partnerships for urban regeneration fostered the creation of a more inclusive, democratic environment for both governance and residents alike.

With the more profound use of sustainable developments and degrowth ideas, new trends emerge where urban planners and architects are looking for already built areas that can be re-imaginedas vibrant parts of the city. Most often, those places are post-industrial sites, which are taking a new image and purpose. Multiple examples in European cities shows that those areas are becoming a new vital urban elements and fruitful grounds for implementation of environmentally protective design solutions. However, metamorphic developments of historically important parts of the cities are often susceptible to uninspiring generic design solutions that not necessarily always meet the current needs of citizens. Therefore, this research identifies how such post-industrial zones should be redeveloped with the use of citizens' visions to produce distinctive design solutions that can additionally incorporate sustainable ideas and develop a vibrant area.This research focuses on the post-industrial case in Osijek, Croatia, an old and abandoned Iron Foundry and Machine Factory (OLT). Constructed at the turn of the century (1912.), with its distinguishable architecture, it serves as an important image and industrial heritageof the city. Recently, Osijek Municipality has proposed a plan for its regeneration. Idea became widely appreciated as it was finally decided to somehow protect this valuable public good. However, as this research identifies, the municipal plan does not incorporate any means of citizen participation, nor it goes together with citizens mentioned needs - thus pursuing a plan for developing a generic design. Using qualitative methods, this research is addressing the importance of participation in such projects, as it can focus expertson the hidden meaning and character of the place, derived from citizens’ outputs. Additionally, this research shows that methods suchas participatory workshop, can generate ideas for design solutions that can benefit both current and future users of the place. Furthermore, it suggests that citizens, even though they are notexperts on the topic – can produce interesting and valuable information that can be used by planners and architects to fully utilise and transform the area with design solutions which can incorporate people’s needs.

After Brexit, the city of Amsterdam has been boosting its attractive power for people around the world, becoming a major international centre in Europe and one of the most interesting social-cultural and innovation hubs of the globe. While the city grows, it pursues ambitious objectives related to sustainable development, social inclusion, housing shortage and heritage protection. Amsterdam-Noord has historically been a leftover part of city, accommodating large industrial infrastructure, while the fabric of the old town would expand in all the other directions. Only in the last century, the Dutch capital started expanding on the other side of the river IJ. The late development generated a mix of models and urban typologies that collide and coexist in the area. Village-like row houses and low-density neighborhoods from the 1920s are only few meters away from brand new residential towers, social housing blocks mix with new industrial heritage regeneration projects, touristic harbor and boat houses pop here and there. IJ-Plein is the site of a representative urban plan designed by OMA in the 1980s, which created a distinctive urban fabric, but over time the original neighborhood no longer meets the requirements of sustainability and the needs of the people. Together with the old harbor industrial area next door, this area is in need of renewal and renovation. With the aim of developing a new urban center for Amsterdam, the project intends to provide a future-proof urban solution, with innovative, cultural and urban center roles in different loops, depending on the specific location of the area. It will attempt to address a variety of urban issues such as student housing pressure, urban-water relations, community social-cultural life, recycling, green space, urban densification, etc., making the area a well-rounded organic whole and an attractive highlight of Amsterdam in 2050.

As a unique form of rural-urban transition settlement in China’s rapid urbanization process, the “urban village” plays a very distinctive part in promoting urbanization, being a transit point for many rural people entering urban areas. The term “informal employment migrants” usually refers to those people, who have no formal employment status and work in informal, low-skilled, low-paying jobs in the city. These people often have no stable job security or social protection, facing problems with housing, education and healthcare, as well as a lack of social interaction and cultural and recreational activities, etc. They are the main force in the industry, promoting urban development and securing the service base, while having little power in terms of economic ability and social status.  The rights and interests of the millions of these non-local residents living and working in urban villages, are very important aspects but are usually overlooked by current planning instruments. In the daily life of an urban village, such as Kangle village, not only do the profits from the rental of collective land and property village-owned enterprises benefit only the household residents of the village, but the organization and participation in any public activities within the village have nothing to do with the tenants. As a result, these migrant tenants, who have come to Guangzhou to make a living in the case of this project, are mere outsiders in terms of the distribution of benefits or the share of spiritual entertainment in the urban village. As outsiders, they are often the most affected by the regeneration, the most opposed to it and suffer most directly from its benefits, however, have the weakest voice in the planning progress. Therefore, in urban regeneration planning, we planners should pay more attention to the existence and living needs of these informal employment migrants, provide them with better living and working conditions, improve their quality of life, and promote the equal development of urban society.

Urban regeneration plays a significant role in the creation of climate-friendly urban areas. Urban regeneration strategies such as (1) the creation of open spaces and green infrastructure, (2) the effective use of inner-city land, (3) changes in land-use structure and elements through regeneration of inner-city areas, and (4) changes in building stock through retrofitting existing buildings and the construction of green buildings can all help with climate mitigation and adaptation efforts. Many cities throughout the world have enacted urban regeneration policies, plans, and programmes, highlighting the significance of implementing climate measures into urban regeneration policies and initiatives at the supranational, national, regional, and municipal levels. The government of the Republic of Korea has made urban regeneration a primary priority, investing a significant amount of public funds in the process. Korea's urban regeneration initiative has made tremendous progress, with projects in numerous cities around the country currently underway. However, Korea's urban regeneration rarely takes up the opportunities to incorporate climate measures into its policy and plans. As a result of these fragmented policy approaches, both urban regeneration and climate change policies may become inefficient in terms of inefficient budget execution and staff management. Although recent Korean studies have emphasised the significance of incorporating climate change measures into urban regeneration areas, these studies do not provide empirical evidence of specific institutional hurdles and only provide a limited amount of recommendations for successful climate policy integration in urban regeneration policies and plans. According to the literature on environmental policy integration and climate mainstreaming in worldwide academic discussion, there is a lack of empirical information on the factors that influence policy implementation phases. Identification of variables influencing the integration of climate change policies into urban regeneration—at both the policy development and implementation stages—is crucial to understanding effective climate policy integration in this policy domain. The goals of this dissertation are to (1) investigate the current urban regeneration process and how it incorporates climate measures, (2) identify the relevant internal and external factors that influence the integration of climate measures into urban regeneration policy during the policy development and implementation stages, and (3) identify implementation gaps in the integration of climate measures into urban regeneration projects during the policy development and implementation stages. This study develops a conceptual framework based on earlier studies that examine (1) the assessment of climate policy integration levels and (2) the factors that influence climate policy integration across policy domains. This dissertation takes a qualitative case study method, integrating content analysis, process tracing, and document analysis with data from semi-structured interviews with relevant stakeholder representatives, as well as a collection of relevant documents. Seoul was chosen as the case study area because it is a densely populated city with active urban regeneration and climate change policies. The case study provides empirical evidence of relevant factors for the climate policy integration in urban regeneration for cities that are pursuing successful integration of climate measures into urban regeneration policy. Throughout the policy cycle, this study gives a detailed list of internal and external factors that influence the incorporation of climate measures into urban regeneration. Political factors, organisational factors, and resources are critical factors in both policy development and policy implementation, as previous studies have shown. However, in the policy development and policy implementation stages, this dissertation studies more detailed aspects within these categories and examines them closely by categorising them into internal and external factors. According to existing research in this field, implementation gaps are caused by a lack of sustained political support and cooperation among key stakeholders, rather than a lack of knowledge or financial resources. Other factors related to implementation gaps, such as (1) a lack/absence of information about climate measures, (2) residents' pecuniary focus, (3) public awareness and support, and (4) spatial issues such as lack of facilities/spaces for adopting climate measures, are all significant impacts in the case study of Seoul. This study suggests that sharing information and research about the effectiveness of climate measures is a good place to start when it comes to improving the level of climate policy integration in urban regeneration policies; urban regeneration stakeholders should have enough information on potential climate measure strategies that can be integrated into urban regeneration projects, as well as the benefits of doing so for the neighbourhood (e.g. climate-related businesses which support community cooperation and profit generation, community-based climate activities, and more diverse ways of measuring the success of climate measures in order to educate the public better).:1. Introduction 1.1. Research background 1.2. Research questions and design 1.3. Structure 2. Theoretical/conceptual background 2.1. Responses to climate change 2.2. Concept of urban regeneration 2.3. Background of environmental/climate policy integration and mainstreaming 2.4. International trends and academic discussions on the opportunities for climate policy integration in urban regeneration 2.5. Factors for the climate policy integration in urban regeneration in the policy cycle 2.5.1. Structure of the climate policy integration 2.5.2. Detailed factors of the climate policy integration 2.5.3. The level of climate policy integration in different stages of the policy cycle 2.6. Developing an analytical concept 2.7. Research gaps regarding factors affecting climate policy integration along the policy cycle 2.8. Formulating research questions 3. Research design and methods 3.1. Research design 3.2. Selection of study areas 3.3. Data collection and analysis methods 4. Exploring the context: Seoul and its neighbourhoods 4.1. Seoul 4.1.1. Features of Seoul and evolution of urban regeneration in Seoul 4.1.2. Climate change issues 4.1.3. Characteristics of residential areas in Seoul 4.2. Features of study areas in Seoul 4.2.1. Jangwi-dong 4.2.2. Sangdo 4-dong 4.2.3. Amsa-dong 4.2.4. Garibong-dong 5. Urban regeneration and climate change policies in Korea 5.1. Urban regeneration policy and plan at national, city, and community levels 5.1.1. Urban regeneration policy in Korea 5.1.2. Urban regeneration policy and plan in Seoul 5.1.3. Neighbourhood urban regeneration plans 5.1.4. Process and stakeholders of urban regeneration at national, city, and community levels 5.2. Climate change policy at different levels in Korea 5.2.1. Climate change policy at national level 5.2.2. Climate change policy at city level 5.2.3. Climate change plan at community level 5.3. Integration of climate measures in the process of urban regeneration 5.3.1. Level of the integration of climate measures in urban regeneration policy at national level 5.3.2. Level of the integration of climate measures in urban regeneration policy at city level 5.3.3. Level of the integration of climate measures in urban regeneration plan at community level 5.4. Summary 6. Policy development: Internal and external factors to integrate climate measures into urban regeneration policy 6.1. Internal factors 6.1.1. Political factors 6.1.2. Organisational factors 6.1.3. Resources 6.1.4. Cognitive factors 6.1.5. Characterisation of the problem at hand 6.2. External factors 6.2.1. Public awareness and support 6.2.2. Lack of private sector support 6.3. Relevant factors and gaps regarding factors in the conceptual framework 6.4. Discussion 7. Policy implementation: internal and external factors to integrate climate measures into urban regeneration projects 7.1. Internal factors 7.1.1. Political factors 7.1.2. Organisational factors 7.1.3. Resources 7.1.4. Cognitive factors 7.1.5. Characterisation of the problems/opportunities at hand 7.2. External factors 7.2.1. Residents’ support 7.2.2. Characterisation of the problem at hand 7.2.3. Lack of private sector support 7.2.4. Cognitive factors 7.3. Relevant factors and gaps regarding factors in the conceptual framework 7.4. Discussion and implementation gaps between policy development and policy implementation 8. Conclusions: recommendations to enhance the level of integration of climate measures into urban regeneration 8.1. Synthesis of the dissertation 8.2. Limitations of the research and further research 8.3. Implications for academic discussion and practices 8.4. Recommendations 8.5. Overall conclusion References Appendix

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This thesis explores the transformative potential of eco-cultural tourism in revitalizing post-industrial cities, with a focus on the network of towns along the Ohio River in West Virginia. The research seeks to understand the multifaceted impacts of tourism on urban development, social infrastructure, and economic growth in small towns. The core concept is to create a tapestry of connectivity along the river, celebrating the region's natural beauty and promoting shared experiences and community cohesion. The proposed initiative envisions a Master Plan featuring a well-integrated network that connects cities along the Ohio River. This network includes walking and biking trails, ATV routes, camping areas, water activities like kayaking and motorboating, accommodations, restaurants, local shops, and a dedicated rail corridor for travel. The proposed development primarily targets Parkersburg, a small city in Wood County, West Virginia, located at the confluence of the Ohio and Little Kanawha Rivers. The second phase of the project focuses on two critical sites within Parkersburg, essential for implementing the revitalization plan. Parkersburg is envisioned as the catalyst and starting point for the entire network, positioning it as the epicenter of urban regeneration and community development. Overall, the thesis investigates the potential benefits and challenges of implementing a comprehensive tourism-driven urban revitalization strategy. Through an interdisciplinary approach to planning and design, it examines the ecological, cultural, tourism, and environmental impacts on development, envisioning a sustainable future where West Virginia's post-industrial cities prosper as interconnected nodes. / Master of Science / Discover the transformative power of eco-cultural tourism in breathing new life into West Virginia's post-industrial cities. This research delves into the intricate impacts of tourism on urban development, social fabric, and economic resurgence in suburban areas, focusing on the picturesque towns lining the Ohio River. Imagine a meticulously planned network seamlessly connecting these towns through a myriad of experiences: tranquil water trails, adventurous ATV paths, historic rail lines, and scenic biking routes. This master plan not only celebrates the region's natural splendor but also cultivates a sense of community and shared heritage. At its heart lies Parkersburg, strategically positioned to spearhead this revitalization effort. As a nexus for urban renewal and communal growth, Parkersburg is poised to serve as the gateway to a vibrant tourism destination, breathing vitality into once-dwindling local economies. Through interdisciplinary analysis, this thesis explores the numerous benefits and challenges of implementing such a comprehensive tourism-driven strategy. By envisioning a future where West Virginia's post-industrial cities thrive as interconnected hubs along culturally enriched eco-trails, it paves the way for sustainable growth and shared prosperity.

This study evaluated the role of waterfront development in urban regeneration, as waterfronts are used as the element that re-establishes the physical links between parts of the city. Consequently, waterfront development is an essential open resource where visitors can carry out diverse social and cultural activities on a daily basis. Furthermore, CBDs benefit from lively waterfronts, which become popular tourist attractions. There is a dire need for urban regeneration. The study focuses on the evolution of waterfront development through the urban morphology modelsto identify the starting point of central places and the factors that may have an effect on the growth of a city. Just as urban regeneration forms part of the evolution of cities and waterfronts, and as the cities and waterfronts developed so did the term urban regeneration evolve to its present form. Thus, one has to understand what components have an influence on the term urban regeneration and what the benefits are. Thereafter, the different aspects of urban development and urban regeneration are incorporated into waterfront development to understand the role of waterfront development in urban regeneration. As waterfront development took place, the first port was developed to ensure transportation of goods from one place to the next. Subsequently, the role of the waterfront became economically driven. As time passed and the old harbour fronts fell into disuse, a new role for the waterfront was needed, and the new role came with waterfront regeneration. Historically, waterfront regeneration was only seen as imperative when a waterfront area is critical for the growth of the city. Notably, when there is no use for the area and the city is in the decline period, waterfront regeneration will be a priority. Consequently, the empirical study focused on exploring this role of waterfront development by means of two international case studies (Baltimore Inner Harbour, Toronto Harbour Front) and two national case studies (V& A Waterfront, Mossel Bay CBD and Port Precinct Plan). A qualitative approach was selected because it focuses on collecting and analysing information in as many forms as possible. Furthermore, a qualitative approach aims to achieve an in-depth understanding of the matter, which is important to allocate the role of waterfront development in urban regeneration. As the study focuses on understanding the role of waterfront development as part of urban regeneration within cities, it explores the methodological framework of case studies. The case study approach involves one or more circumstances within a bounded system. As some of the case studies can be irrelevant to a study, the qualitative approach was appropriate for this study, because it focuses on eliminating unwanted case studies. This is importantto ensure that case studies do not influence the result. To ensure that the relevant information is selected, the multiple case study design was used. The study concludes that waterfront development has three primary roles in urban regeneration and that these roles have evolved over time. In conclusion, the role of waterfront development is not only economically motivated, but also environmentally and socially significant. / MSc (Urban and Regional Planning), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015