As a result of the disregard of governments&rsquo / direct urbanization policies for more than 50 years, most of the settlements in Turkey today demonstrate sub-standard environments and unauthorized developments subject to severe natural hazards. Turkey will have to focus in the near future on the renewal and regeneration of cities built over the past six decades, rather then sticking to urban policies solely devoted to extend new urban areas. The production of legal instruments and urban policies to facilitate the new policy of regeneration in physical and social terms, seems to be the most challenging issue facing urban planning. Urban regeneration planning aims to produce strategies and policies concurrently devoted to maintain physical rehabilitation and social transformation in built areas. For this reason, urban regeneration planning requires legal tools, regulations and methods different then those of conventional development planning. A new approach to urban regeneration planning is the development of urban database systems. These sytems are discussed here by means of a model developed for the case of Zeytinburnu. This model is prepared by organizing and developing the urban databases produced by local governments and international institutions for istanbul integrating natural conditions, physical assets, and the social characteristics. This requires a new set of &lsquo / Analytical Studies&rsquo / approach. The main obstacle in urban database system in Turkey is the lack of legal arrangements. New regulations are needed to describe the organisation and principles of database management in technical and administrative terms. Other implications are that an entirely new generation of urban planners need to be trained, improvement of expertise on database management, database use and updating protocols. Such systems could also constitute an essential instrument of public participation in local planning and urban management process.

Urban renewal policies in welfare state period are usually associated with the paradigm of social engineering that was dominant between 1940s and 1970s. However, in the wake of the fiscal crisis of the state in 1970s, and the following hegemony of the new right, urban policies including the renewal schemes have been ever-increasingly dominated by the deregulatory market oriented policies and rent seeking concerns. De-regulatory urban renewal policies focusing mainly in squatter areas have also dominated the urban policies and political discourse in Turkey since the mid-1980s and little attention has been paid to the negative consequences of these policies. Today, more than ever, residential redevelopment presents cities with a fundamental dilemma. In order to change the social and spatial condition of disstressed areas, alternative policies are implemented through either market or state-led redevelopment schemes. However, very same renewal schemes directly or indirectly leads to displacement of lower-income population, raising concerns over political equity. Likewise, overall success of these schemes often complicated by their impact on the macro-form of the cities. The main objective of this study is to discuss the impacts of de-regulatory urban renewal policies on the socio-spatial structure of contemporary Turkish cities in which, social exclusion and spatial segregation are becoming increasingly widespread. The case of Dikmen Valley Redevelopment Project provides us with the opportunities to conduct this discussion since it is one of the most significant urban renewal projects in Turkey and it is regarded as a model for the forthcoming gecekondu transformation projects. The thesis argues that although the scheme has been led by the local authority, the logic of market which revolves around the rent-seeking activities has dominated the redevelopment process in the area and main losers are the tenants who live in the squatters subjected to redevelopment.

Avec une configuration en amphithéâtre ouvert sur la mer et une localisation au centre de la rive sud de la méditerranée, la baie d’Alger semble avoir été prédestinée à exposer et représenter l’image de la ville. Ainsi, toutes les interventions sur l’image de la ville ont eu pour corollaire la transformation de sa baie. C’est donc, sans surprise que le nouveau plan stratégique de la wilaya d’Alger a été articulé autour « du collier de perles » de la baie. Cette dernière serait parée de projets iconiques et structurants qui renforceraient l’attractivité de la ville sur l’échiquier des métropoles méditerranéennes. Considérant l’introduction de ces nouveaux projets comme une opportunité pour une investigation profonde du développement urbain de la wilaya d’Alger, cette recherche doctorale commence par démontrer qu’il existe bien une tradition de grands projets à Alger. Cependant, pour diverses raisons, ces projets ne sont que partiellement réalisés et la ville semble évoluer par à-coups au gré des différentes conjonctures du moment. En se basant sur trois projets emblématiques en cours de réalisation - Le projet de délocalisation partielle du port et de reconquête des friches, celui de la grande promenade de la baie et celui de la grande mosquée d’Alger, Jamā El Jazā’ir- la recherche montre que cette tradition perdure malgré le poids des contraintes environnementales et sociétales. En conclusion, la recherche montre que derrière des ambitions souvent idéologiques, il y a néanmoins, aujourd’hui à Alger, une volonté réelle de valorisation du potentiel patrimonial culturel et naturel. / Summary With its amphitheater configuration that opens to the sea and its location in the center of the southern shore of the Mediterranean, the bay of Algiers seems to have been predestined to expose and represent the image of the city. Thus, all the interventions on the image of the city seem to have had as a corollary, the transformation of its bay. It is then, without any surprise, that Algiers' new strategic development plan was articulated around a "pearl necklace" around the bay. The latter was to be adorned with iconic and structuring projects that would strengthen the attractiveness of the city among the Mediterranean cities. Considering the introduction of these new projects as an opportunity for a deep investigation of the city’s development, this doctoral research begins by demonstrating that there is a tradition for large projects in Algiers. However, for various reasons, these projects are generally only partially realized and the city seems to evolve in a quite spontaneous manner and in response to day-to-day needs and circumstances. Based on three emblematic projects in progress - The relocation of the port and the waterfront's development, the great promenade of the Bay and that of the great mosque of Algiers, Jamā El Jazā'ir- the research shows that this tradition continues despite environmental and societal constraints. In conclusion, this research shows that behind ideological ambitions, there is now, in Algiers, a real willingness to enhance cultural and natural heritage potential.

abstract: Place branding by its very nature is a highly selective endeavor. Typically, place branding focuses on highlighting positive aspects of place while discounting others that are deemed less appealing. Whether it pertains to attracting tourism, investment or people, or whether it concerns achieving a level of cultural significance, ultimately place branding impacts physical planning decisions and consequently the built environment. The selectivity entailed in projecting a sellable place image, together with the presence of different interests among the particular place stakeholders, may lead to a divergent dialectic of assertion and resistance over which brand ought to be projected and how it ultimately should be represented. This dynamic, I argue, will have impact on equity, on the issue of authenticity and on representation. Through a historical analysis approach and a case study, this dissertation examines how such a dynamic plays out in the built environment and how it evolves and shapes it over time. Downtown Scottsdale is chosen as a case because it offers an example of a small city downtown in the US West that experienced significant place branding activity in the 1950s and the 1960s. In the 1950s, the City of Scottsdale branded itself as a Western town and the built environment of the downtown area was themed to reflect this image; in the 1960s, the Western brand was challenged and calls for change emerged. Stakeholders and supporters of the Western image and those of the call for change are identified, and the dialectic that ensued is examined and discussed in relation to its impact on the built environment. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Built Environment 2014

A partir da segunda metade do século XX, o futebol consolidou-se como um importante ramo da indústria do entretenimento no Brasil e assim sendo, deflagrou a necessidade de se projetar novos estádios, mais eficientes especialmente no que tange os processos de requalificação do seu entorno construído. O crescimento desordenado das cidades brasileiras a partir das décadas de 1960 e 1970, conjugado ao desenvolvimento da indústria do futebol expuseram a incapacidade dos grandes estádios brasileiros, construídos na sua maioria em concreto armado durante o regime militar, de se tornarem peças centrais em processos de regeneração urbana e nem mesmo de acomodar com qualidade seus espectadores. Portanto, o presente trabalho visa reavaliar o arquétipo do estádio de futebol contemporâneo verificando a presença de estratégias projetuais que permitam a estes edifícios tornarem-se qualificadores do espaço construído, especialmente neste momento em que o país será sede de mega eventos esportivos, como a Copa do Mundo e os jogos olímpicos. Além disto, a organização destas competições, juntamente com a consolidação da industria esportiva nacional, deve ser compreendida como uma possibilidade de desenvolvimento de sistemas de infraestrutura urbana e políticas sociais que contribuam para a regeneração de áreas urbanas subutilizadas. Sendo assim, o presente resumo sintetiza os resultados obtidos com a dissertação de mestrado intitulada: O estádio contemporâneo: uma arquitetura regeneradora do seu tecido urbano. Inicialmente, o trabalho foi desenvolvido a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica em periódicos internacionais, como: European Urban Studies, Urban Environment, Built Environment, Town Planning Review, Annals of Regional Science, Economic Development Quarterly, Urban Studies, Tourism Management, Journal of Sport Management, Leisure Studies, World Leisure and Recreation Studies, Journal of Urban Affairs, Sb Magazine. Posteriormente, a metodologia aplicada a pesquisa utilizou-se da análise de estudos de caso, que apontaram os aspectos arquitetônicos que contribuíram para que os edifícios analisados tornassem-se regeneradores, e não desagregadores de seu contexto urbano. Portanto, o estudo concentrou-se na análise dos estádios de futebol contemporâneos, construídos como sedes de competições internacionais, a partir da compreensão das estratégias projetuais presentes nestes edifícios propostos como requalificadores de seu contexto urbano. Os resultados obtidos pelo estudo indicaram que as tendências arquitetônicas apresentadas pelos estádios contemporâneos são consequências de transformações morfológicas ocorridas durante o século XX que incorporaram ao edifício novas tecnologias e sistemas construtivos que reafirmam a sua função enquanto regeneradores de tecidos degradados. A necessária ligação ente o estádio e o seu contexto urbano demanda que estes sejam concebidos conjugadamente com sistemas de infraestrutura, possibilitado ao edifício estar inserido na malha consolidada de grandes cidades, uma condição fundamental para que estes equipamentos consolidem-se enquanto pontos focais de sua estrutura espacial. Desta forma, o estudo dos estádios contemporâneos, sedes de grandes eventos esportivos, possibilitou identificar as diretrizes de projeto e planejamento que possibilitam repensar esta tipologia arquitetônica, propondo uma integração coerente com a malha consolidada de sua cidade, permitindo assim que o mesmo seja parte integrante de processos de regeneração urbana / Brazil, has been well known worldwide for its deep relation with soccer as its national sport. Through the last century this sport modality has become a strong branch of the entertainment industry and it has brought with it the need of more efficient stadia specially regarding the urban regeneration aspect. The massive growth of Brazilian cities during the 60\'s and 70\'s and the development of soccer industry in the last decades have exposed the incapability of Brazilian\'s huge concrete bowls built for soccer practice during the military regime to function as catalysts of urban change nor to accommodate fans. Clearly there is a great need of reviewing the archetypal of Brazilian stadia since the country will be the next host of the two greatest contemporary mega-events: the World Cup and the Summer Olympics. Furthermore, hosting this mega-events and the settlement of its sports industry can be understood as a possibility to develop urban infrastructure systems and social policies contributing for the regeneration of underdeveloped urban areas. Therefore, this abstract summarizes the results obtained with the dissertation entitled: The contemporary stadium: an urban regeneration architecture. Initially, the work was developed from a bibliographical research in international journals such as: European Urban Studies, Urban Environment, Built Environment, Town Planning Review, Annals of Regional Science, Economic Development Quarterly, Urban Studies, Tourism Management, Journal of Sport Management, Leisure Studies, World Leisure and Recreation Studies, Journal of Urban Affairs, Sb Magazine. This research focus on the analysis of the contemporary stadia built for mega-events starting from the comprehension of the design strategies proposed by these buildings which expect to become the centerpieces of a process of urban renewal. The research understands that the design trends proposed by contemporary stadia is a consequence of a set of architectural morphological transformations occurred during the 20th century, which incorporated new technologies and building systems to its conception, confirming a new function to this typology of building also responsible for the urban regeneration of parts of the city. The connection between the stadium and its surroundings suggests that this buildings must be designed together with infrastructure systems, which allow these great sports buildings to be placed near the city centre, a fundamental condition for these facilities to achieve the status of architectonic monument. Therefore, the systems of mass transportation are a key element on the stadia proposal, especially in the cases where these building will be venues of important sports events such as the summer Olympics or the World Cup. A critical analysis of contemporary stadia will identify the relation between this buildings and its host cities, using the mass transportation systems planned for mega-evens since Atlanta 1996 as an object of the study as well as the architectonic aspects that contribute for the stadium to boost the regeneration process instead of becoming a burden to the host city.

Lida-se aqui com políticas públicas de regeneração urbana de áreas marcadas por expressivo patrimônio cultural, cujo principal objetivo seja a promoção do lazer, turismo e entretenimento, combinada com a preservação desse patrimônio. O objeto de estudo centra-se nas intervenções públicas realizadas no Pátio de São Pedro, no período 1969-2008, localizado no Bairro de São José, parte do núcleo antigo do Recife. O pátio foi alvo de um dos primeiros projetos de regeneração urbana do Brasil, em 1969, e também passou por sucessivos projetos e propostas desse tipo, ao longo dos anos 1980, 1990 e 2000, provendo um histórico de políticas públicas. Esse objeto enriquece-se com a adoção de uma análise em perspectiva comparada, com os casos do Bairro do Recife e de cidades inglesas que passaram por políticas públicas similares. Busca-se compreender a lógica por trás dessas políticas públicas e seus principais impactos e conseqüências sobre as áreas alvo da intervenção, bem como avaliar esse tipo de política pública, discutindo o ajuste de seus meios a seus fins. Normativamente, pretende-se discutir e propor, a partir da análise feita, critérios de procedimentos de preservação do patrimônio cultural, em políticas públicas que vinculem essa preservação com o turismo. A metodologia de pesquisa compreendeu a revisão de literatura teórica, histórica e de estudos de caso, levantamento de documentos em fontes primárias, entrevistas, observação participante e levantamento fotográfico. O trabalho de campo contemplou a visita às seguintes cidades inglesas: York, Kingston upon Hull, Sheffield, Manchester, Salford, Bury, Liverpool, Chester e Wigan. As supracitadas políticas públicas transformaram o pátio num espaço singular no núcleo antigo; a sua configuração urbana e conjunto arquitetônico íntegros e conservados contrastam com o \"mar\" de descaracterizações, mutilações e demolições no núcleo antigo. Entretanto, essa preservação patrimonial não foi acompanhada por ações de educação patrimonial, o que faz com que o pátio não seja apropriado pela maior parte da população recifense, sendo-lhe indecifrável. Ele também nunca conseguiu ser transformado em centro de turismo, para além de três ou quatro meses de sua \"inauguração\" como tal. A falta de gestão da Prefeitura da Cidade do Recife sobre o espaço público e casas de sua propriedade, no pátio revela a sua baixa capacidade institucional para formular e implantar políticas públicas de regeneração urbana, bem como a fragilidade das áreas de turismo e cultura dentro da prefeitura. A tese apresenta três conclusões. Primeiro, as supracitadas políticas públicas não transformaram o pátio em um espaço urbano espacial e socialmente segregado, mesmo tendo retirado-o (parcialmente) do cotidiano do núcleo antigo. Segundo, avalia-se que os sucessivos projetos de regeneração urbana sempre apresentaram sérias deficiências, não informando diretrizes e intervenções adequadas para a sua efetiva recuperação, a nível de conceito e de operação. Terceiro, propõe-se um novo modelo de gestão pública para o pátio, que combine responsabilização, administração do cotidiano e busca pela autosustentabilidade econômico-financeira, e a consideração dos moradores e/ou trabalhadores do núcleo antigo como seu principal \"público-alvo,\" alvo de ações de educação patrimonial e da transformação do logradouro em espaço de lazer, contemplação e convivência. / This work deals with public policies on urban regeneration areas with significant cultural heritage, whose main objective is the promotion of leisure, tourism and entertainment, combined with the preservation of this heritage. The object of study focuses on public interventions performed in Pátio de São Pedro, in the period 1969-2008, located in São José neighborhood, downtown Recife. The pátio was the target of one of the first urban regeneration projects in Brazil, in 1969, and also went through successive drafts and proposals of this kind, over the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s, providing a history of public policy. This object is enriched by the adoption of a comparative perspective analysis among Bairro do Recife and some English cities that have had similar policies. We seek to understand the logic behind these policies and their impacts and consequences on the main target areas of intervention and evaluate this type of public policy, discussing the adjustment of their means to their ends. Normatively, we intend to discuss and propose, from the analysis, criteria, procedures for preservation of cultural heritage, public policies that link the preservation of tourism. The research methodology included the review of theoretical literature, and historical case studies, collection of primary source documents, interviews, participant observation and photographic survey. The field work included the following visit to the English cities: York, Kingston upon Hull, Sheffield, Manchester, Salford, Bury, Liverpool, Chester and Wigan. The above policies have transformed the pátio into a unique space in downtown Recife; the maintenance of its urban setting and architectural integrity and preserved contrast with the \"sea\" of de-characterization, mutilation and demolitions in downtown. However, the preservation of this heritage was not accompanied by actions of heritage education, which makes the patio not appropriate and indecipherable for the majority of Recife´s population. It also never managed to be transformed into a urban-tourism precinct, except for the first few months of its three \"inaugurations\". The lack of management of the City of Recife on the public space and of their homes and property in the pátio reveals its low institutional capacity to formulate and implement public policies of urban regeneration as well as the fragility of the areas of tourism and culture within the municipal approach. The thesis presents three conclusions. First, the public policies have not turned the pátio into an urban space spatially and socially segregated, despite having withdrawn it (partially) from downtown to everyday life. Second, it is estimated that the successive urban regeneration projects always had serious deficiencies, not informing appropriate interventions and guidelines for its effective recovery, the level concept and operation. Third, we propose a new model of public management to the pátio, which combine accountability, administration of daily life and pursuit of economic and financial self-sustainability, and consideration of residents and / or employees of the old town as its primary \"target audience\": target actions of heritage education and transforming the street into a space for recreation, contemplation and coexistence.

Au tournant du XXIème siècle plusieurs nouveaux défis dans les domaines environnementales, économique et sociétal intéressent les villes. Nombreuses métropoles occidentales visent aujourdʼhui à devenir des «modèles» de développement durable, intelligeant et équitable, dans lʼaprès-Kyoto. Lors des consultations internationales sur lʼavenir des villes métropoles (Grand Paris en 2007 suivi par Bruxelles 2040, Lille 2030, Grand Moscou 2050, etc.), politiciens, économistes et experts réfléchissent ensemble au rapport entre régénération et formes urbaines. Notamment les pratiques du recyclage, de la récupération et de la réparation deviennent centrales. Pour contrevenir lʼétalement urbain, la dispersion résidentielle et le manque dʼidentité de plusieurs zones, on parle à nouveau de concentration et intensification des aires urbaines, de densités minérales et végétales, de mixité et dʼhybridation fonctionnelle. Qualités indéniables de la ville durable mais dépourvues des réelles retombées à une échelle architecturale adéquate. Au moment que nouveaux regroupements dʼintercommunalités redessinent leurs limites urbains en envisageant de reconstruire leur identité sur des objectives communes, notre recherche réclame la nécessité de comprendre et maîtriser les différents dégrés de modifications possibles sur un tissu urbain déjà sédimenté. Réversibilité et flexibilité deviennent alors deux concepts opérationnelles et complémentaires dans le nouveau rôle que lʼarchitecture doit se donner à fin de sʼinsérer dans des situations déjà en cours. Architecture capable dʼintégrer la perspective et dʼaccueillir, au cours du temps, ses propres transformations et évolutions. / At the beginning of the 21st century, many new challenges have been proposed to the cities in the realms of ecology, economy and sociology. Several western metropolis aim at becoming nowadays a template for a sustainable, smart and fair development, particularly in the “after Kyoto” world. In recent international consultations on the future of cities (e.g. Grand Paris in 2007, followed by Bruxelles 2040, Lille 2030, Big Moscow 2050 etc.) politicians, economists and urban experts discussed together the relationship between regeneration and urban forms. In particular the practices of recycling, rescue and repair became central themes. In order to contain urban expansion, sprawl and lack of identity, the consultations re‐propose the concepts of concentration and intensification of urban areas, of vegetal and artificial density, of mixing and of functional hybridization. These are undeniable qualities of a sustainable city, but unfortunately deprived of real repercussions at the proper human scale. At present, while new inter‐municipal groups redraw their urban limits and envisage to renovate their identity around common goals, our research claims the need to understand and master different degrees of possible modifications on the already established urban fabric. In order for architecture to play a role in situations that are already in progress, reversibility and flexibility become two operational and complementary concepts. Architecture must become capable of integrating in time mutating perspectives and accepting its own transformation and evolution.

This study, which is based on the private sector perception of urban regeneration initiatives in the Johannesburg Inner City, critically evaluates the current strategy employed by the City of Johannesburg which elevates private sector investment as the mainstay for inner city revival and the pillar for achieving what it calls “a world-class African city”. It argues that, in spite of the positive outcomes that have occurred in the inner city since the advent of urban regeneration, the initiatives informed by the current strategy and designed to induce private sector investment have contributed to urban change only in limited ways. The motives behind the urban regeneration initiatives and the private sector perception do not correspond. General market factors and trends such as the high demand for space, relatively low property prices, perceived financial returns on investment, risk diversification and have been the main motivating factors for private sector investment decisions and subsequent urban growth. Conversely, the urban regeneration initiatives, while making a noticeable impact, are perceived to have played only a secondary role. Factors perceived to be acting as deterrents to private sector investment also relate largely to those aspects at which various urban regeneration initiatives are targeted. For instance, factors such as poor by-law enforcement, neglected degenerating buildings, crime and inadequate delivery of municipal services are increasingly seen to be contributing to limiting investment in the inner city. This suggests that urban regeneration initiatives are perceived as not achieving the intended objectives or as needing strengthening. In addition, policy instruments such as the Urban Development Zone, City Improvement District, the Johannesburg Development Agency, the Better Building Programme and crime prevention measures, which are the pillars of Johannesburg’s regeneration strategy, are each generally perceived to have yielded significant benefits and advantages in the inner city. However, these instruments are also perceived to have some shortcomings and limitations both as concepts and in practice. There is a pervasive perception that the effectiveness of these instruments is marred by, among other things, the fact that they do not embrace the wider inner city, but parts thereof, and have not been implemented in an integrated manner. The findings of the study, particularly around inadequate delivery of municipal services and lax by-law enforcement, also raise serious questions about the plausibility of the competitive cities approach that underpins the City of Johannesburg’s urban regeneration strategy, suggesting that more work is required around the relevance of the competitive cities approach in the Johannesburg Inner City. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Town and Regional Planning / unrestricted

The north and north-western quadrants of Pretoria have been identified as requiring attention for rejuvenation. The framework looks at “connectivity through activity” and the site ties into the creative industries, heritage route and pedestrian walkway proposed for the area. It is realised that in this day and age the ideal is often impossible to achieve. Paradoxically too it is often in the more densely populated areas, where land values are highest that there is the greatest need for ample space for children, whose probable home is a cramped flat, with no garden in which to run about and play freely. With the proposal to increase housing in the framework for Pretoria's city and, in a bid to densify the urban centre, comes the added responsibility to accommodate the youngest generations of city dwellers. It is with this in mind that the design proposal looks at the creation of a pre-primary school and public playground connected to a pedestrianised inter-block walkway. A new revolutionary approach to educational buildings has to be investigated in terms of “learning through play” by “extending the field of play” and incorporating design techniques of both architecture and landscape architecture to create a holistic design precedent that will stimulate young minds. AFRIKAANS : Die Noorde en Noord-Westelike kwadrante van Pretoria word ge-identifiseer as wat aandag vir verjonging vereis. Die raamwerk kyk na "konnektiwiteit deur aktiwiteit" en die terreine bind die skeppende nywerhede, erfenis roete en voetganger paadjie [voorgestel vir die gebied] va. Daar word besef dat deesdae die ideale dikwels onmoontlik word om te bereik. Ook is dit dikwels in die meer digbevolkte gebiede, waar die grond waarde die hoogste is, dat daar 'n nodigheid vir genoeg ruimte vir kinders word. Hierdie kinders se waarskynlike huise is 'n beknopte woonstel met geen tuine om in rond te loop of te speel nie. Met die voorstelling om behuising in die raamwerk vir Pretoria se stad te vermeerder en om die stedelike sentrum digtheid te verhoog, kom ekstra verantwoordelikheid om die jongste generasies van die stede te akkommodeer. Met hierdie gedagte moet die ontwerp voorstelling na die skepping van 'n pre-primere skool kyk. Ook moet daar 'n openbare speelgrond gekoppel aan 'n voetgangers interblok loopvlak wees. 'n Nuwe revolusionêre benadering tot opvoedkundige geboue moet ondersoek word in terme van "leer deur te speel" deur "uitbreiding die veld van speel" en die integrasie van ontwerp tegnieke van beide argitektuur en landskap argitektuur om 'n holistiese ontwerp presedent te skep sodat die jong gees gestimuleer sal word. / Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Architecture / unrestricted

Set in the historic centre of Pretoria CBD, this study draws extensively on its context to formulate an appropriate response to bringing about urban regeneration in this section of the city. The study was initiated with the selection of a small site set in the percieved northern portion of the inner city. By challenging both the alleged threshold between the 'north' and the 'inner city' and the city council's proposal for the surrounding sites, the proposed building attempts to create meaningful space while enriching the visitor's experience of his immediate surroundings. / Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Architecture / unrestricted