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Turbulent Times: Epic Fantasy in Adolescent LiteratureCrawford, Karie Eliza 01 January 2002 (has links) (PDF)
This thesis is a development of the theories presented by Carl Jung, Joseph Campbell, and Bruno Bettelheim concerning archetypes, the anima/animus concept, the Hero Cycle, and identity development through fairy tales. I argue that there are vital rites of passage missing in Anglo-Saxon culture, and while bibliotherapy cannot replace them, it can help adolescents synthesize their experiences. The theories of Jung, Campbell, and Bettelheim demonstrate this concept by defining segments of the story and how they apply to the reader. Because of the applicability, readers, despite their age, can use the examples in the book to help reconcile their own experiences and understand life as it relates to them. The works I examine include J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter series, Orson Scott Card's Alvin Maker series, J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings, Ursula K. Le Guin's Earthsea trilogy, and David Eddings' Belgariad. Though it is impossible to test the effects of reading such works on readers, the possibility of those effects exists. Bettelheim's work, The Uses of Enchantment, discusses similar themes and he provides scientific support through his use of anecdotal evidence. Following his example, I have tried to include evidence from my own life that exemplifies the effect reading epic fantasy has had on me.
The aspects of epic fantasy in relation to going through adolescence I examine include the concept of responsibility and its relation to progress and maturity; gaining a social identity; and reconciling oneself to the dark side within and without, in society. These aspects are found within the superstructure of the Hero Cycle and the actions and motivations of the characters—archetypes—within the cycle. They are also present in real life and necessary concepts to understand to be accepted into society as a mature contributor.
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Confrontations with the Anima in The Dispossessed, The Left Hand of Darkness, and Tehanu by Ursula K. Le GuinBarrett, Mary Sarah 30 November 2005 (has links)
This dissertation analyses the protagonists in The Dispossessed, The Left Hand of Darkness, and Tehanu by Ursula K. Le Guin, and looks at the extent to which they confront the Jungian archetype of the anima. I demonstrate that individuation and wisdom are not achieved in these characters until they confront the anima archetype within their individual psyches. I analyse the experiences and behaviour of each protagonist in order to identify anima confrontation (or lack thereof), and I seek to prove that such confrontation precipitates maturity and wisdom, which are goals of the hero's journey. The essential qualities of the anima archetype are wisdom, beauty and love. These qualities require acceptance of vulnerability. I argue that the protagonist is far from anima integration when he displays hatred and fear of vulnerability, and conclude that each protagonist is integrated with the anima when wisdom, beauty and love are evident in his character. / English Studies / M.A. (English)
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Selves and others : the politics of difference in the writings of Ursula Kroeber le GuinByrne, D. C. (Deirdre C.) 11 1900 (has links)
Selves and Others: The Politics of Difference in the Writings of Ursula Kroeber Le Guin
has two founding premises. One is that Le Guin's writing addresses the political issues of the late
twentieth century in a number of ways, even although speculative fiction is not generally
considered a political genre. Questions of self and O/other, which shape political (that is, powerinflected)
responses to difference, infuse Le Guin's writing. My thesis sets out to investigate the
mechanisms of representation by which these concerns are realized.
My chapters reflect aspects of the relationship between self and O/other as I perceive it
in Le Guin's work. Thus my first chapter deals with the representations of imperialism and
colonialism in five novels, three of which were written near the beginning of her literary career.
My second chapter considers Le Guin's best-known novels, The Left Hand of Darkness (1969)
and The Dispossessed (1974), in the context of the alienation from American society recorded
by thinkers in the 1960s. In my third chapter, the emphasis shifts to intrapsychic questions and
splits, as I explore themes of sexuality and identity in Le Guin's novels for and about adolescents.
I move to more public matters in my fourth and fifth chapters, which deal, respectively, with the
politicized interface between public and private histories and with disempowerment. In my final
chapter, I explore the representation of difference and politics in Le Guin's intricate but critically
neglected poetry.
My second founding premise is that traditional modes of literary criticism, which aim to
arrive at comprehensive and final interpretations, are not appropriate for Le Guin's mode of writing, which consistently refuses to locate meaning definitely. My thesis seeks and explores
aporias in the meaning-making process; it is concerned with asking productive questions, rather
than with final answers. I have, consequently, adopted a sceptical approach to the process of
interpretation, preferring to foreground the provisional and partial status of all interpretations.
I have found that postmodern and poststructuralist literary theory, which focuses on textual gaps
and discontinuities, has served me better than more traditional ways of reading / English Studies / D. Litt. et Phil. (English)
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Confrontations with the Anima in The Dispossessed, The Left Hand of Darkness, and Tehanu by Ursula K. Le GuinBarrett, Mary Sarah 30 November 2005 (has links)
This dissertation analyses the protagonists in The Dispossessed, The Left Hand of Darkness, and Tehanu by Ursula K. Le Guin, and looks at the extent to which they confront the Jungian archetype of the anima. I demonstrate that individuation and wisdom are not achieved in these characters until they confront the anima archetype within their individual psyches. I analyse the experiences and behaviour of each protagonist in order to identify anima confrontation (or lack thereof), and I seek to prove that such confrontation precipitates maturity and wisdom, which are goals of the hero's journey. The essential qualities of the anima archetype are wisdom, beauty and love. These qualities require acceptance of vulnerability. I argue that the protagonist is far from anima integration when he displays hatred and fear of vulnerability, and conclude that each protagonist is integrated with the anima when wisdom, beauty and love are evident in his character. / English Studies / M.A. (English)
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Selves and others : the politics of difference in the writings of Ursula Kroeber le GuinByrne, D. C. (Deirdre C.) 11 1900 (has links)
Selves and Others: The Politics of Difference in the Writings of Ursula Kroeber Le Guin
has two founding premises. One is that Le Guin's writing addresses the political issues of the late
twentieth century in a number of ways, even although speculative fiction is not generally
considered a political genre. Questions of self and O/other, which shape political (that is, powerinflected)
responses to difference, infuse Le Guin's writing. My thesis sets out to investigate the
mechanisms of representation by which these concerns are realized.
My chapters reflect aspects of the relationship between self and O/other as I perceive it
in Le Guin's work. Thus my first chapter deals with the representations of imperialism and
colonialism in five novels, three of which were written near the beginning of her literary career.
My second chapter considers Le Guin's best-known novels, The Left Hand of Darkness (1969)
and The Dispossessed (1974), in the context of the alienation from American society recorded
by thinkers in the 1960s. In my third chapter, the emphasis shifts to intrapsychic questions and
splits, as I explore themes of sexuality and identity in Le Guin's novels for and about adolescents.
I move to more public matters in my fourth and fifth chapters, which deal, respectively, with the
politicized interface between public and private histories and with disempowerment. In my final
chapter, I explore the representation of difference and politics in Le Guin's intricate but critically
neglected poetry.
My second founding premise is that traditional modes of literary criticism, which aim to
arrive at comprehensive and final interpretations, are not appropriate for Le Guin's mode of writing, which consistently refuses to locate meaning definitely. My thesis seeks and explores
aporias in the meaning-making process; it is concerned with asking productive questions, rather
than with final answers. I have, consequently, adopted a sceptical approach to the process of
interpretation, preferring to foreground the provisional and partial status of all interpretations.
I have found that postmodern and poststructuralist literary theory, which focuses on textual gaps
and discontinuities, has served me better than more traditional ways of reading / English Studies / D. Litt. et Phil. (English)
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Arboreal thresholds - the liminal function of trees in twentieth-century fantasy narrativesPotter, Mary-Anne 09 1900 (has links)
Trees, as threshold beings, effectively blur the line between the real world and fantastical alternate worlds, and destabilise traditional binary classification systems that distinguish humanity, and Culture, from Nature. Though the presence of trees is often peripheral to the main narrative action, their representation is necessary within the fantasy trope. Their consistent inclusion within fantasy texts of the twentieth century demonstrates an enduring arboreal legacy that cannot be disregarded in its contemporary relevance, whether they are represented individually or in collective forests. The purpose of my dissertation is to conduct a study of various prominent fantasy texts of the twentieth century, including the fantasy works of J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Robert Holdstock, Diana Wynne Jones, Natalie Babbitt, and J.K. Rowling. In scrutinising these texts, and drawing on insights offered by liminal, ecocritical, ecofeminist, mythological and psychological theorists, I identify the primary function of trees within fantasy narratives as liminal: what Victor Turner identifies as a ‘betwixt and between’ state (1991:95) where binaries are suspended in favour of embracing potentiality. This liminality is constituted by three central dimensions: the ecological, the mythological, and the psychological. Each dimension informs the relationship between the arboreal as grounded in reality, and represented in fantasy. Trees, as literary and cinematic arboreal totems are positioned within fantasy narratives in such a way as to emphasise an underlying call to bio-conservatorship, to enable a connection to a larger scope of cultural expectation, and to act as a means through which human self-awareness is developed. / English Studies / D. Litt. et Phil. (English)
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