Global ETD Search

1	Investigating absorptive capacity in boards, corporate governance and the value creating board Schonning, Aud Randi January 2013 (has links) Within corporate governance research, boards of directors constitute an essential part and are described as "the apex of the internal control system" (Jensen, 1993, p.862). Several stands of research have investigated whether, and to which degree, boards’ composition, structure and processes have impact on board task performance, but board processes and specifically the use of knowledge and skills have not been thoroughly researched, yet. Simultaneously, there is a gap within organisational behaviour research on how knowledge is explored, transformed and exploited, which is conceptualised as absorptive capacity. Further, the concept of absorptive capacity has so to date not been researched in a board context. In this thesis board processes are studied by exploring the impact of absorptive capacity on board task performance. Three dimensions of absorptive capacity, exploratory learning, transformative learning and exploitative learning, are used in the analyses. The research is conducted using mixed methods (based on a survey and a case study). A quantitative analysis is based on the Norwegian Value Creating Board Survey, and a case study is conducted based on records, observations from board meetings and interviews in the Norwegian health company Healthy. The findings show that the three dimensions of absorptive capacity, positively and significantly, mediate the relation between presence of knowledge and skills and board task performance. Complementarities between the three learning processes exist with the result that the three learning processes together are a stronger mediator than a single process. The qualitative findings show that 1) information flows have an impact on absorptive capacity, 2) that the role and power of the CEO and the division of labour between the CEO and the chair, might have an impact on board task performance and 3) that a comprehensive utilisation of consensus has an impact on transformative and exploitative learning, 4) that effort norms are positively correlated to use of knowledge and skills and 5) that activation triggers have impacts on the learning processes. The research contributes to theory with an extended application of the concept of absorptive capacity to boards, responding to calls from researchers to conduct new and more extensive research to analyse and integrate the concept. The thesis further contributes by shedding new light on learning processes in boards, underpinning former conceptual models. In the case study several findings are reported which are presented in an extended and modified model of determinants of board tasks. Finally, this thesis contributes to mixed methods research in boards. The findings have implications for board practice with regard to board selections, board evaluations and learning processes in boards. Corporate governance codes should be aligned with these findings. 658.4
2	Mellan kunskap och handling : Socialsekreterares kunskapsanvändning i utredningsarbetet Nordlander, Lars January 2006 (has links) <p>This study is about how social workers use knowledge in their investigation work. The study includes 16 social workers documentation of their knowledge use in 21 investigations in three personal social services in Västerbotten, Sweden. The three research-questions that the study aims to answer are: what knowledge do they use, how do they use their knowledge and on what grounds do they choose these knowledge’s?</p><p>The studies empirical findings are a result of a systematic documentation instrument SPP (Systematic Planned Practice). The instrument consists of seven different forms that together correspond to the whole investigation process, from the first meeting with the client to a complete investigation. The SPP-instrument was designed by Professor Aaron Rosen from Washington University in St. Louis, USA. The SPP-instrument was used in this study as tool to gather information on what knowledge social workers use in the investigation work. The seven forms that the instrument consists of were sent to the social workers electronically. In each step of the investigation work the social workers filled out each form and send them back to the researcher for analyse.</p><p>The results from the study shows that social workers use a variety of different types of knowledge as a base for their decisions in the investigation work. In the majority of these knowledge’s the social workers relates them to actual client situations. When the social workers describe how they use their knowledge the result shows that they use different strategies to express their use of knowledge in relation to specific decisions in the investigation work. How they use these knowledge’s seams not to correspond with what kind of knowledge they have used. The social workers claims that their choice of knowledge as roughly has to do with two different set of circumstances: 1) circumstances that limits their choice of knowledge and 2) circumstances that they intellectual know that they can influence ones they reflect upon their choices, but not during the actual choice of knowledge.</p><p>All together the study shows that the social workers use of knowledge is partly a hidden process that they have trouble to express in writing. However this do not mean that they are short of relevant knowledge for their profession. Instead it shows that social workers use of knowledge is highly situational and that their use of knowledge is a cognitive process that is difficult to describe or conceptualise.</p> Knowledge use Use of knowledge Problem solving process Investigation Assessment Decision making Social work Social worker Social work Socialt arbete
3	Mellan kunskap och handling : Socialsekreterares kunskapsanvändning i utredningsarbetet Nordlander, Lars January 2006 (has links) This study is about how social workers use knowledge in their investigation work. The study includes 16 social workers documentation of their knowledge use in 21 investigations in three personal social services in Västerbotten, Sweden. The three research-questions that the study aims to answer are: what knowledge do they use, how do they use their knowledge and on what grounds do they choose these knowledge’s? The studies empirical findings are a result of a systematic documentation instrument SPP (Systematic Planned Practice). The instrument consists of seven different forms that together correspond to the whole investigation process, from the first meeting with the client to a complete investigation. The SPP-instrument was designed by Professor Aaron Rosen from Washington University in St. Louis, USA. The SPP-instrument was used in this study as tool to gather information on what knowledge social workers use in the investigation work. The seven forms that the instrument consists of were sent to the social workers electronically. In each step of the investigation work the social workers filled out each form and send them back to the researcher for analyse. The results from the study shows that social workers use a variety of different types of knowledge as a base for their decisions in the investigation work. In the majority of these knowledge’s the social workers relates them to actual client situations. When the social workers describe how they use their knowledge the result shows that they use different strategies to express their use of knowledge in relation to specific decisions in the investigation work. How they use these knowledge’s seams not to correspond with what kind of knowledge they have used. The social workers claims that their choice of knowledge as roughly has to do with two different set of circumstances: 1) circumstances that limits their choice of knowledge and 2) circumstances that they intellectual know that they can influence ones they reflect upon their choices, but not during the actual choice of knowledge. All together the study shows that the social workers use of knowledge is partly a hidden process that they have trouble to express in writing. However this do not mean that they are short of relevant knowledge for their profession. Instead it shows that social workers use of knowledge is highly situational and that their use of knowledge is a cognitive process that is difficult to describe or conceptualise. Knowledge use Use of knowledge Problem solving process Investigation Assessment Decision making Social work Social worker Social work Socialt arbete
4	Innovation Education within the Technology Curriculum in Iceland Thorsteinsson, G., Denton, H., Page, T., Yokoyama, E. 05 1900 (has links) No description available. Innovation Education Design and Technology Information and computer technology InnoEd National Curriculum Virtual learning environment Creativity practical use of knowledge Internet inventions design
5	Une contribution à la connaissance de la relation processuelle entre la structure du conseil de surveillance et la performance de ses rôles : le cas des hôpitaux publics en France / Contribution to the knowledge of the relationship process between the supervisory board structure and the performance of its roles : evidence from french public hospitals Laouer, Radhoine 13 May 2013 (has links) Les théories de la Corporate Governance et la théorie de la psychologie sociale du petit groupe de prise de décision sont mobilisées afin de comprendre le mode de fonctionnement du conseil de surveillance hospitalier public et plus précisément pour tester empiriquement la relation de médiation du processus de prise de décision (les normes d’efforts, l’utilisation des connaissances et des habiletés et le confit cognitif) entre sa structure (la taille, la composition et la diversité) et la performance de ses rôles (la stratégie, le contrôle et le service). 320 questionnaires en provenance des membres des conseils de surveillance hospitaliers ont été recueillis. L’agrégation de ces réponses individuelles génère un échantillon de 159 conseils de surveillance hospitaliers publics. Les résultats des tests des hypothèses du modèle de recherche confirment le fait que la structure du conseil de surveillance n’influence pas la performance de ses rôles. Les normes d’efforts affectent positivement la performance des rôles .Seules les normes d’efforts et l’utilisation des connaissances et des habiletés médiatisent partiellement la relation processuelle entre la structure et la performance des rôles. / Corporate governance theories and the theory of the psychology of the small decision making group are used in order to understand the functioning mode of the public hospital supervisory board and specifically to test empirically the mediating relationship of the decision making process (Efforts norms, use of skills and knowledge and cognitive conflict) between the structure of the public hospital supervisory board (size, composition and diversity) and the performance of its roles (strategy ,control and service).320 questionnaires answered by the supervisory board members were collected. The aggregate of those individual responses generated 159 public hospital supervisory boards. The results of the hypothesis test of the model show that the supervisory board structure doesn’t influence the performance role of the supervisory board. Efforts norms influence positively the performance of its roles. Only the use of knowledge and skills, and efforts norms mediate the process relationship between the public hospital supervisory board structure and the performance of its roles. Corporate Governance Psychologie sociale Hôpitaux publics Petit groupe Prise de décision Conseil de surveillance Structure Diversité Composition Taille Médiation Processus Conflit cognitif Normes d’efforts Performance des rôles Stratégie Contrôle Service Corporate Governance Social psychology Public hospitals Small group Decision making Supervisory board Structure Diversity Composition Size Mediation Process Use of knowledge and skills Cognitive conflict Norms of efforts Performance of roles Strategy Control Service 650

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