Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:34:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2003-05-23Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:23:59Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 torres_jlr_dr_jabo.pdf: 417695 bytes, checksum: 1a1abee9864a748c29b85912bea72f67 (MD5) / O estabelecimento de culturas de cobertura para formação e manutenção dos resíduos culturais na superfície do solo, principalmente nas regiões de cerrado, tem encontrado alguns obstáculos, pois as condições climáticas nestas regiões favorecem a decomposição destes resíduos vegetais. A implantação do plantio direto nestas áreas tem crescido exponencialmente, porém tem sido utilizado como base em dados gerados em outras regiões do País, em outras condições climáticas. O presente estudo teve como objetivo principal estudar as plantas de cobertura mais utilizadas na região, avaliando o tempo de decomposição dos restos culturais, o acúmulo e liberação de nitrogênio por um período de até 320 dias, associando estes dados a produtividade das culturas. Também, fez-se o monitoramento da temperatura e umidade do solo, semanalmente, durante o período de janeiro a junho de 2000 nas profundidades de 0 a 5 e 5 a 10 cm. Após dois anos agrícolas de implantação do experimento, fez-se uma avaliação da influência destas coberturas em algumas propriedades físicas do solo da área. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso, com parcelas subdivididas e quatro repetições. Nas parcelas principais, os tratamentos utilizados constaram de sete tipos de coberturas: milheto (Pennisetum americanum sin. tiphoydes), braquiária (Brachiaria brizantha), sorgo forrageiro (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench), guandu (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp), crotalária juncea (Crotalarea juncea) e aveia preta (Avena strigosa Schreb), pousio e área sob sistema de plantio convencional (testemunha). Nas subparcelas, após a dessecação das coberturas, plantou-se milho e soja, sendo estas culturas rotacionadas no segundo ano... . / The establishment of covering cultures for formation and maintenance of the cultural residues in the soil surface, mainly in the cerrado areas, has been finding some obstacles, because the climatic conditions in these areas favor the decomposition of these vegetable residues. The no tillage system implantation in these areas, has been increasing exponentially, however it has been used as base, the data generated in other areas of the country, in other climatic conditions. The present study had as main objective to study the covering plants more used in this area, evaluating the time of decomposition of cultural remains, the accumulation and liberation of nitrogen for a period up to 320 days, associating these data to the productivity of the cultures. Also, it was made the observation the soil of temperature and humidity, weekly, during the period of January to June 2000, in the depths of 0 - 5 and 5 - 10 cm. After two agricultural years, it was made an evaluation of the influence of the covering plants in some physical soil properties in the area. The experimental design was random blocks, with subdivided plots and four repetitions. The treatments used consisted in eight covering types: pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum sin. tiphoydes), braquiária (Brachiaria brizantha), sorgun (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench), pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp), sunn hemp (Crotalárea juncea) and black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb), fallow land, area in conventional system. In the subplots, after the covering plants dessecation, it was planted corn and soybean, and these cultures were rotated in the second year. Among the appraised coverings it was verified that millet and the sunn hemp were the cultures that presented the best score in dry mass production. Nitrogen accumulation and liberation in the appraised periods... (Complete abstract, click eletronic address below).

Background: SF processing has been firstly applied on the processing and storage of the rhizome of Dioscareapersimilis Prain et Burkill. in Wenxian country since 1900. Due to the simple, quick and low-cost characteristics of SF, it soon became a common postharvesting method for CMMs. However, recent studies showed that SF can either cause chemical changes to CMMs or affect human health. The awareness of identification of sulfur-fumigated CMMs is arisen. Comparing with chemical methods, FM is more simple and user-friendly to be established in authentication. Also, recent studies showed that different chemical profiles of CMMs can emit fluorescence differently. This research aimed to validate if FM was suitable for identification of sulfur-fumigated CMMs through using Codonopsis Radix and Ginseng Radix as examples. Method: 16 herbal samples were collected in different commercial market in different time, in which 6 of them was Codonopsis Radix and 8 of them was Ginseng Radix. Firstly, their chemical profiles of the samples were analyzed by UHPLC-QTOF-MS to make a chemical authentication. Then, their fluorescence characteristic were localized and captured on their transverse sections. Result: All the samples of Codonopsis Radix and 2 samples of Ginseng Radix were confirmed to be sulfur-fumigated as compounds sulfates or sulfites were detected. Investigated by fluorescence, herbal samples emitted blue and yellow fluorescence in different intensity under blue and green light filter. The fluorescence of groups of laticiferous tubes and resin canals were remarkable in Codonopsis Radix and Ginseng Radix respectively. Sulfur-fumigated samples showed similar characteristic to those raw samples. It was significant that samples of Codonopsis Radix emitted fluorescence differently even all of them were sulfur-fumigated. Conclusion: In the present study, samples with different growing condition, storage time and SF processing had some variation in their fluorescence characteristics. The result showed that fluorescence microscopy was not probable for identification of the sulfur-fumigated CMMs. The application of FM on the identification of sulfur-fumigated CMMs should be further investigated comprehensively. Key works: sulfur-fumigation; Codonopsis Radix; Ginseng Radix; authentication; fluorescence microscopy; UHPLC-QTOF-MS 背景：硫磺薰蒸中藥技術是在1900年由溫縣人民發明並最早記載於河南溫縣縣誌的。由於硫磺薰蒸技術擁有最高效，低成本，便於操控的優點，因此一直被藥農及中藥開發藥廠用於中藥防蟲及乾燥加工。但近年不少論文開始報道有關硫磺對中藥材的危害性，其中以硫磺薰蒸會影響中藥材內部的化學成分和藥理活性的報告最令人擔憂。礙於高效液相色譜法(HPLC)等化學檢測手段的複雜性，使用化學手段鑒別硫磺熏蒸藥材存在困難及難以普及。而近年實驗證明，中藥材裏不同的化學成分在熒光顯微鏡下會發放出不同熒光顔色。本研究以人參和黨參為例子，為應用熒光顯微鏡鑒別硫磺熏蒸中藥材，提供科學證據支持。 實驗方法：本研究採集了6個黨參及8個人參樣品進行分析。實驗首先以高效液相色譜-四極杆飛行時間串聯質譜(UHPLC-QTOF/MS)技術分析各樣品的化學成分用於鑒別樣品有否被硫磺熏蒸。然後各樣品先進行冷凍切割，並在熒光顯微鏡下進行橫切面觀察，從外到内觀察各特徵結構的熒光顔色，比較不同樣品的熒光差別。 結果：實驗結果顯示所有黨參樣品及2個白皮參樣品存在硫磺熏蒸后產生的硫酸鹽或亞硫酸鹽化合物，提示該樣品被硫磺熏蒸。所有樣品在熒光顯微鏡下都顯示不同程度的藍色及綠色熒光。儘管所有黨參樣品均被硫熏，但其顯示的熒光仍存在明顯差異，其中以樣品5和6最爲明顯。而被硫熏的人參樣品，其熒光則非常類似於非硫熏樣品。非硫熏的人參其熒光仍存在個體差異，其中2個樣品的熒光強度較其他為強及明顯。黨參内的乳管群及人參内的樹脂道，其熒光強度及顔色最爲突出。 結論：研究結果表明不同來源的樣品，其熒光特徵存在區別。熒光顯微鑑定技術不能有效鑒別市場上的黨參和人參是否經過硫磺熏蒸。熒光顯微鑑定硫磺熏蒸中藥方面的應用有待深入及系統探討。 關鍵詞：硫磺熏蒸；黨參；人參；熒光顯微鏡；中藥鑒別；高效液相色譜-四極杆飛行時間串聯質譜(UHPLC-QTOF/MS)

國際市場對植物藥和中藥的需求不斷增加而且市場潛力巨大，植物藥為主的中藥進入國際市場，必須符合國際植物藥的質量要求及規管。可是一直以來成功在海外註冊的中藥產品寥寥無幾，這都源於海外法規對中藥及植物藥的要求比較嚴謹，尤其重視中草藥安全性、質量性和有效性的標準。本文研究分為兩部分：(一)介紹海內外主要藥典包括中國(CP)、日本(JP)、歐洲(EP)、英國(BP)及美國藥典(USP-NF)，其應用地區廣泛、影響力大，建立的檢測方法水準較高。主要研究各藥典對植物藥及傳統草藥質量標準的概況，及對各國藥典收載的5種基原植物相同生藥與中國藥典的質量檢測標準作比較，為完善中藥質量標準提供借鑒；(二)研究闡述了海外相關政府機構包括歐盟對註冊植物藥或中藥的規管和註冊要點，通過分析歐盟針對草藥藥品的簡化註冊程序 (Simplified registration procedure, SR)，探討其註冊的難度及關鍵問題，以成功註冊之例子，為中藥進入國際市場提供參考，對中藥國際化之路有所啟示。中藥要解決的註冊的限制，需要從提升中藥自身質量標準及國際合作等方面，才能使中藥增強國際競爭力，順利跨越國際技術性註冊的限制。中藥走向國際的過程，是中醫藥與現代西醫藥相互融合的必經階段，最終達到標準統一的過程，二者的不斷融會和貫通，將成為新世紀醫藥產業的一大熱點。 關鍵詞： 中藥規管；植物藥規管；藥典；質量檢測標準；歐盟註冊；簡化註冊程序；中藥國際化 The international market demand for herbal and traditional Chinese medicine is increasing recently. To get marketing authorization from global regulatory bodies, herbal-based Chinese medicine must be complied with international quality and regulatory requirements. However, there are only a few successful cases that Chinese herbal products have been registered overseas due to the high standard of overseas requirements, which emphasis on safety, quality and effectiveness of herbal products. This article is divided into two parts: (a) To introduce the worldwide pharmacopeias including the Chinese Pharmacopeia (CP), Japanese Pharmacopeia (JP), European Pharmacopeia (EP), British Pharmacopeia (BP), the United States Pharmacopeia and the National Formulary (USP-NF). This section aims to collate data from the aforementioned pharmacopoeias and draw comparison on their quality standards and requirements for the five crude drugs / herbal medicine from the same botanical origin for the harmonization of global herbal medicine quality standards, (b) To investigate information of the existing requirements for registration of herbal medicine in the European Union. Through the analysis of a pathway for marketing traditional herbal medicinal products, the “simplified registration” procedure, the key issues and difficulties are discussed and some suggestions with an example are put forward for the registration of Chinese Medicine to enter the international market. To conclude, it is crucial to improve the quality standards of Chinese Medicine to overcome the technical registration problem and facilitate international authorities’ cooperation for enhancing the international competitiveness of Chinese medicine. The internationalization of Chinese medicine will become a hot topic in pharmaceutical industry for the new century. Keywords Regulation of Chinese medicines; Herbal regulation; Pharmacopoeia; Quality testing standards; EU registration; Simplified registration; Internationalization of Chinese medicine

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-12-19Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:35:42Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 rozatto_mr_me_arafcf.pdf: 732060 bytes, checksum: ddaa82298d39ba0890346d0138a97734 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / As plantas são uma fonte importante de produtos naturais biologicamente ativos, muitos dos quais derivam diversos fármacos. A grande diversidade encontrada no Brasil justifica o crescimento significativo na utilização de produtos de origem vegetal como potenciais fitoterápicos. O gênero Arrabidaea pertence à família Bignoniaceae, a qual é encontrada principalmente em regiões tropicais. No Brasil, são encontrados 56 gêneros e cerca de 338 espécies. As plantas desta família são aplicadas como adstringentes, antitérmicas e no tratamento de reumatismos, diarreias, câncer e infecções microbianas; suas propriedades são atribuídas aos componentes químicos dentre estes as lignanas, flavonoides, triterpenos, xantonas entre outros. Arrabidaea brachypoda é popularmente conhecida como “cervejinha do campo”, “cipó-una” ou “tintureiro”. Com o objetivo de contribuir com a avaliação do potencial farmacobiológico do Bioma Cerrado e proposição de novos fitoterápicos para uso popular, este estudo visou determinar a atividade antimicrobiana de extratos hidroalcoólicos, frações e substâncias isoladas da planta A. brachypoda, utilizando a técnica de microdiluição, frente a Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, S. setubal, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans e Helicobacter pylori. Os extratos hidroalcoólicos de raiz, caule e folha apresentaram moderada atividade para P. aeruginosa e o extrato de raiz mostrou acentuada atividade contra S. aureus, dados estes que justificaram a determinação das atividades Checkerboard e Time-Kill para esse micro-organismo. O composto G5 (rutina), isolado de raiz, apresentou moderada atividade frente ambas as bactérias. Os extratos e frações de A. brachypoda não demonstraram atividade anti-H. pylori. O extrato de raiz combinado com a amoxicilina apresentou um efeito sinérgico para S. aureus e sua atividade anti-S. aureus... / Plants are an important source of biologically active natural products, many of which derive from different drugs. The great diversity found in Brazil justifies the significant growth in the use of plant products as potentially herbal. The genus Arrabidaea belongs to the family Bignoniaceae, which is mainly found in tropical regions. There are found 56 genera and about 338 species in the Brazil. Plants of this family are applied as astringents, antipyretic and treatment of rheumatism, diarrhea, cancer and bacterial infections; its properties are attributed to the chemical components among these lignans, flavonoids, triterpenes, xanthones among others. Arrabidaea brachypoda is popularly known as cervejinha do campo, cipó-una or tintureiro. In order to contribute to the evaluation of the pharmacological potential of the Cerrado Biome and propose new herbal medicine for popular use, this study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts, fractions and compounds isolated from the plant A. brachypoda, using the microdilution technique, opposed to Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, S. setubal, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Helicobacter pylori. The hydroalcoholic extracts of root, stem and leaf showed moderate activity for P. aeruginosa and the root extract showed strong activity against S. aureus, these data justify the determination of activities Checkerboard and Time-Kill for this micro-organism. The compound G5 (rutin), isolated from root showed moderate activity against both bacteria. The extracts and fractions of A. brachypoda didn’t show activity anti-H. pylori. The root extract combined with amoxicillin showed a synergistic effect against S. aureus and its anti-S. aureus was confirmed by Time-Kill test with time of 6 to 12 hours. The present work proves the antimicrobial activity... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-06-27Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:20:09Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 donini_am_me_bauru.pdf: 1417622 bytes, checksum: caa4b0ada5c4e9ab0ecc575ccc3a469e (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / Esta dissertação consiste no estudo da recepção de reportagens e notícias relacionadas à temática ambiental veiculadas pelos programas Balanço Geral, Tem Notícias, Jornal Nacional e Jornal da Band exibidas a integrantes do Programa de Horta Comunitária de Botucatu. Para tal, adotamos como referencial teórico os estudos de recepção latino-americanos, considerando prioritariamente os conceitos e ideias de Jesús Martín-Barbero e Guilhermo Orozzo Goméz, além de interpretação de textos desses pesquisadores realizadas por outros autores como Nilda Jacks e Ana Carolina Escosteguy. Quanto à metodologia, a pesquisa contemplou aplicação de questionários, método de pesquisa participante e utilização de grupo focal. Por meio dessa última técnica, identificamos as percepções e produções de sentidos estabelecidos pelos participantes em relação aos conteúdos a que assistiram, bem como compreensão e aplicabilidade dos assuntos no cotidiano deles e as mediações preponderantes no processo. Ainda procuramos investigar se o conhecimento básico sobre as etapas envolvidas em uma produção televisiva tem interferência na maneira como os trabalhadores das horas comunitárias recebem e interpretam as mensagens / This dissertation is to study the reception of members at Botucatu's Communitarian Vegetable Garden Program in respect to the news articles about environment transmitted by the programs Balanço Geral, Tem Noticias, Jornal Nacional e Jornal da Band. For this, we adopted as referential theorethical studies of reception in Latin America, primarily considering the concepts and ideas of Jesus Martin-Barbero and Guilhermo Orozco Gómez, and interpretations of these texts carried out by other authors as Nilda Jacks and Ana Carolina Escosteguy. As methodology, the research included questionnaires, used the participant search method and the focal group. By this latter technique, we identify the perceptions and productions of meaning established by the participants in relation to the content they witnessed, as well as understanding and applicability of them in everyday affairs. Even we investigate if the basic knowledge about the steps involved in a television production has interference in how workers in communitarian vegetable gardens receive and interpret messages

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004-02-13Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:52:28Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 giovanni_g_me_botfca.pdf: 297824 bytes, checksum: b42e7912f9eb1618cd0ccc7c41f0c23c (MD5) / As águas residuárias dos processos de extração vegetal para fins farmacêuticos apresentam elevada DQO (Demanda Química de Oxigênio) e orgânicos persistentes que não são eliminados pelos tratamentos de resíduos líquidos convencionais. Atualmente, a fotocatálise heterogênea vêm se destacando como processo de oxidação avançado (POA) capaz de mineralizar compostos persistentes responsáveis pela poluição do meio ambiente aquático. Este trabalho tem o propósito de descontaminar o efluente semi-tratado de um indústria de extração vegetal, situada na região de Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil; para seu posterior reuso, a fotocatálise (TiO2 em suspensão) foi aplicada. Foram realizados testes com variação do pH da amostra em que se obteve maior eficiência de fotodegradação em pH 4,0. Foi testado a adição de persulfato de potássio em várias concentrações, constatando que a adição 0,1 g L-1 favorece a degradação dos poluentes mais persistentes remanescentes do efluente semi-tratado. Finalmente, com o objetivo de remover o TiO2 da suspensão foram realizados testes de coagulação-floculação, na presença de sulfato de alumínio e pH 4,0. O tempo de decantação do material em suspensão foi de 30 minutos, DQO final de 2,5 mg O2 L-1 e a turbidez final de 2 NTU. A fotocatálise contribuiu para a remoção de tóxicos persistentes, redução da DQO, eliminação de odores e redução da turbidez do efluente. / The wastewater of vegetable extraction process (for pharmaceutical use) present increased DQO (Qhemistry Demand of Oxigen) and bio-recalcitrant organic contaminant that are not eliminated by convencional wastewater treatments. Presently, the heterogen photocatalysis is been outstanding as advanced oxidation process (AOP) capable of decaying of recalcitrant compounds, responsible for the pollution of the aquatic environment. This paper have to purpose of descontaminate the pretreated wastewater by vegetable extraction industry, located in Botucatu region, São Paulo, Brazil; the photocatalysis (TiO2 suspension) was applicated, for it is future reuse. Experiments were carried out with various pH samples with efficient results of photodegradation in pH 4,0. Experiments with the peroxydisulphat addition have done in various concentrations, concluding that it is minimum addition (0,1 g L-1) favours the degradation speed of the moust recalcitrants polluants of the pretreated wastewater. Eventually, experiments of coagulation-floculation have been done to remove the TiO2 (0,5 g L-1) from the suspension, in presence of aluminium sulphate (0,2 g L-1) and pH 4,0. The time of decantation of the suspension material was 30 minutes, the final turbidity 2 NTU and final DQO 2,5 mg O2 L-1. The photocatalysis contributed to remove recalcitrant organic compounds, to reduce the DQO, eliminated the smell and to redecue the wastewater turbidity.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:41:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:03:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Dissertação (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

Orientador: Taís Maria Bauab / Banca: Hérida Regina Nunes Salgado / Banca: Elfriede Marianne Bacchi / Resumo: As plantas são uma fonte importante de produtos naturais biologicamente ativos, muitos dos quais derivam diversos fármacos. A grande diversidade encontrada no Brasil justifica o crescimento significativo na utilização de produtos de origem vegetal como potenciais fitoterápicos. O gênero Arrabidaea pertence à família Bignoniaceae, a qual é encontrada principalmente em regiões tropicais. No Brasil, são encontrados 56 gêneros e cerca de 338 espécies. As plantas desta família são aplicadas como adstringentes, antitérmicas e no tratamento de reumatismos, diarreias, câncer e infecções microbianas; suas propriedades são atribuídas aos componentes químicos dentre estes as lignanas, flavonoides, triterpenos, xantonas entre outros. Arrabidaea brachypoda é popularmente conhecida como "cervejinha do campo", "cipó-una" ou "tintureiro". Com o objetivo de contribuir com a avaliação do potencial farmacobiológico do Bioma Cerrado e proposição de novos fitoterápicos para uso popular, este estudo visou determinar a atividade antimicrobiana de extratos hidroalcoólicos, frações e substâncias isoladas da planta A. brachypoda, utilizando a técnica de microdiluição, frente a Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, S. setubal, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans e Helicobacter pylori. Os extratos hidroalcoólicos de raiz, caule e folha apresentaram moderada atividade para P. aeruginosa e o extrato de raiz mostrou acentuada atividade contra S. aureus, dados estes que justificaram a determinação das atividades Checkerboard e Time-Kill para esse micro-organismo. O composto G5 (rutina), isolado de raiz, apresentou moderada atividade frente ambas as bactérias. Os extratos e frações de A. brachypoda não demonstraram atividade anti-H. pylori. O extrato de raiz combinado com a amoxicilina apresentou um efeito sinérgico para S. aureus e sua atividade anti-S. aureus... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Plants are an important source of biologically active natural products, many of which derive from different drugs. The great diversity found in Brazil justifies the significant growth in the use of plant products as potentially herbal. The genus Arrabidaea belongs to the family Bignoniaceae, which is mainly found in tropical regions. There are found 56 genera and about 338 species in the Brazil. Plants of this family are applied as astringents, antipyretic and treatment of rheumatism, diarrhea, cancer and bacterial infections; its properties are attributed to the chemical components among these lignans, flavonoids, triterpenes, xanthones among others. Arrabidaea brachypoda is popularly known as "cervejinha do campo", "cipó-una" or "tintureiro". In order to contribute to the evaluation of the pharmacological potential of the Cerrado Biome and propose new herbal medicine for popular use, this study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts, fractions and compounds isolated from the plant A. brachypoda, using the microdilution technique, opposed to Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, S. setubal, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Helicobacter pylori. The hydroalcoholic extracts of root, stem and leaf showed moderate activity for P. aeruginosa and the root extract showed strong activity against S. aureus, these data justify the determination of activities Checkerboard and Time-Kill for this micro-organism. The compound G5 (rutin), isolated from root showed moderate activity against both bacteria. The extracts and fractions of A. brachypoda didn't show activity anti-H. pylori. The root extract combined with amoxicillin showed a synergistic effect against S. aureus and its anti-S. aureus was confirmed by Time-Kill test with time of 6 to 12 hours. The present work proves the antimicrobial activity... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Thesis (MTech (Horticulture))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012. / The effects of various water quantities were assessed on Cucumber (Cucumis sativa L.) grown hydroponically in the greenhouse. The objectives of the study were to evaluate influence of water quantities on: i) photosynthesis and chlorophyll content of Cucumis sativa L.; ii) the nutrient uptake in Cucumis sativa L. iii) flavonoid and anthocyanin metabolism in Cucumis sativa L. and iv) growth and yield in Cucumis sativa L. The treatments included 8 various water regimes (21/h, 41/h, 61/h, 81/h, 101/h, 121/h, 141/h and 161/h. The plants received water five times a day, making it 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 litres per day. Results showed that generally the Photosynthetic rate (A), intercellular CO2 concentration (Cj) and stomata conductance (gs) and the transpiration rate of the cucumber plants were significantly increased by increasing water quantities compared with lower water quantities. Additionally, there were significant improvements in leaf colour in weeks 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. Overall, the foliage colour was improved as water supply was increased. The greener leaves were documented in treatments supplied with higher water doses. Additionally, the chlorophyll content of cucumber plants was increased significantly with varying water quantities. The highest chlorophyll contents were found in plants treated with 161/h.

Orientador: Antonio Ismael Inácio Cardoso / Banca: Norberto da Silva / Banca: Maurício Dutra Zanotto / Banca: Paulo Cesar Tavares de Melo / Banca: Wilson Roberto Maluf / Resumo: Esse trabalho teve como objetivo estimar a capacidade geral e específica de combinação, empregando-se um "topcross" entre linhagens e populações de pepino japonês. Foram obtidos 16 híbridos experimentais a partir de 2 populações testadoras (geração F2 de Yoshinari e de Natsusuzumi) e 8 linhagens S5 obtidas a partir do híbrido comercial Hokuho, também foi avaliado o híbrido F1 Hokuho, totalizando 27 tratamentos. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados com 4 repetições e cada parcela foi constituída de 4 plantas. Foram realizados dois experimentos em duas épocas, onde foram avaliadas as seguintes características relacionadas ao crescimento vegetativo da planta: comprimento das plantas, número de folhas, número de nós, número de brotações laterais e porcentagem de brotações. Também se avaliou o peso de frutos totais, peso de frutos comerciais, número total de frutos, número de frutos comerciais, porcentagem de frutos comerciais e peso médio de frutos comerciais. As análises de capacidades combinatória foram efetuadas de acordo com o modelo de Geraldi & Miranda Filho (1988). A população de Yoshinari (TY) apresentou, em média, melhor capacidade de se combinar com as linhagens de Hokuho. A linhagem L7 apresentou os maiores valores positivos da estimativa da CGC para a maioria das características avaliadas nos dois experimentos e os híbridos H1Y e H1N, que continham a linhagem L1 como parental, foram os que apresentaram maiores valores para a estimativa da CEC com as populações testadoras para a maioria das características avaliadas nos dois experimentos realizados, enquanto os que tinham a linhagem L5 como parental apresentaram os menores valores. Conclui-se, portanto, que há um alto potencial de se extrair linhagens de Yoshinari para cruzamentos com linhagens de Hokuho, a fim de se obter híbridos tão bons quanto o Hokuho. / Abstract: The objective of the present work was obtain general and specific combining ability estimates, using a top cross between lines and japanese cucumber populations. It was obtained 16 experimental hybrids starting from 2 test populations (Yoshinari and Natsusuzumi) and 8 S5 lines obtained starting from the Hokuho commercial hybrid. The Hokuho hybrid F1 was also evaluated, totaling 27 treatments. The experimental design used was randomized block with four replications and for plant per plot. Were evaluated the following characteristics related to the vegetative growth of the plant: length of the plants, number of leaves, number of us, number of lateral produce and produce percentage. Related to the production it was evaluated: weight of total fruits, weight of commercial fruits, total number of fruits, number of commercial fruits, percentage of commercial fruits and weigh medium of commercial fruits. The analyses of combining ability were evaluated in agreement with the model of Geraldi & Miranda Filho (1988). The Yoshinari of population (TY) presented, on average, better combining ability with the lines of Hokuho, the lines L7 presented the largest positive values of gi for most of the evaluated characteristics in the two experiments and hybrids with the lines L1 it was the one that it presented larger values for CEC with the test populations for most of the evaluated characteristics in the two accomplished experiments, while the hybrids of lines L5 showed the smallest values. It is ended that there is a high potential of extracting lines of Yoshinari for crossings with lines of Hokuho, in order to obtain hybrid as good as Hokuho, with the advantage of being adapted to national conditions. / Doutor