This doctoral thesis aims to provide an answer to the question of why the criminal law should be concerned with the emotional response of the offender. Emotions have important instrumental aptness, such as the capacity to reveal a person's values to himself. Emotional obligations can exist within friendship, and even between strangers when the basic duty of respect has been breached. Emotions therefore have important roles to play in connection to wrongful acts between fellow citizens. The emotions that are the most relevant to the committing of a wrong are guilt and shame. The thought content of guilt is responsibility for a wrong, while the thought content of shame focuses on a weakness of the self. In response to a wrong, guilt feelings distance the wrongdoer from the moral falsehood that was implicit in the offence, restoring relations with society. Shame might have similar beneficial effects, but it might also tie the wrongdoer closer to a personal weakness (which is only indirectly related to the wrong) and might therefore weaken the relationship with himself and society. Preventing undesirable behavior is an aim of criminal law. Good criminal law should aim to persuade offenders to endorse the legal rule that was flouted by the offence. The law is not a suitable basis for citizen's emotional obligations, but emotions are particularly capable of allowing an offender to properly recognise certain reasons for obeying the law, such as moral reasons and reasons of respect for law. Guilt feelings in a setting of victim-offender mediation are very promising in this respect, while shame and humiliation run the risk of distancing the offender from his regard of himself as a moral person and society at large.

- Criminal-law protection of victim of domestic violence The aim of the thesis is to summarize and evaluate the issue of legal protection of domestic violence victims in the Czech Republic, especially what concerns criminal law. In the first part of the thesis, the author deals with the definition of domestic violence and issues associated with it. Attention is paid to the features which must be present so that violent behaviour may be considered domestic violence. The work also mentions the types and causes of domestic violence, as well as myths that are rooted about it in society. In addition, this chapter also focuses on the characterization of the perpetrators and victims of domestic violence. The second chapter discusses the development of the society's attitude towards solutions of domestic violence. It focuses on the breaking point when society realized the need for changing its attitudes towards domestic violence. Particular parts of the chapter focus on the most important legislative milestones. At first, it discusses the introduction of the fact of crime of battering a person living in a shared house or flat into the Criminal Code. Further on, the legal regulation on protection from domestic violence is presented, and other legislative changes in this area are briefly mentioned. The theme...

The diploma thesis is focused on the issues of domestic violence in the region of Karlovy Vary. Important concepts of domestic violence and forms of domestic violence are explained in the text. The thesis also deals with the description of typical characteristics of victims and aggressors, as well as giving instructions on how to work with them appropriately. Furthermore, the text provides information on possible legal assistance for victims of domestic violence. Last but not least, it describes the Intervention Centre for victims of domestic violence in the region of Karlovy Vary. The main intention of the practical part of the thesis is to refer to opinions of the social workers of the Intervention Centre to find out, whether they approve of the idea of working with the aggressors in the Intervention Centre or not. Therefore, the main purpose of the thesis is to determine how exactly the social work with aggressors in domestic violence is implemented in the Intervention Centre in Karlovy Vary region. Moreover, the real lives of victims of domestic violence are interpreted in two case studies. Keywords domestic violence, intervention center, the aggressor, the victim, a social worker, discussion, case study

L'empathie est au cœur de nos relations sociales : elle permet leur régulation par les émotions. Des études, aux résultats contradictoires, ont ainsi suggéré qu'un déficit d'empathie chez les auteurs d'agression sexuelle était un élément central dans leur évaluation et leur traitement.Nous avions 2 objectifs pour cette thèse :1) valider en français, dans une population adulte, une échelle d'empathie générale, la Basic Empathy Scale (Jolliffe & Farrington, 2006) ainsi qu'un inventaire des compétences socio-émotionnelles, le Social Skills Inventory (Riggio, 1989, 2002) ;2) approfondir la connaissance des liens existant entre empathie générale, empathie spécifique, distorsions cognitives, compétences sociales et risque de récidive chez des auteurs d'agression sexuelle.136 adultes issus de la population générale (78 femmes et 58 hommes) ont rempli les auto-questionnaires répartis en 2 passations séparées de 7 semaines. 37 détenus (20 auteurs d'agression sexuelle sur enfant, 6 auteurs d'agression sexuelle sur adulte, 6 auteurs d'agression non-sexuelle, 5 non-agresseur) ont participé à des entretiens et questionnaires sur plusieurs semaines.La Basic Empathy Scale et le Social Skills Inventory présentent des qualités psychométriques assez satisfaisantes. Chez les détenus, les liens empathie générale/empathie spécifique/distorsions cognitives différent selon le type de victime, avec des distorsions cognitives plus ou moins généralisées en conséquence. La régulation des émotions apparaît essentielle dans le processus empathique. Enfin, les mesures statiques du risque de récidive ne sont pas liées à l'empathie générale, à l'empathie spécifique et aux distorsions cognitives. Des profils socio-cognitivo-émotionnels ont été proposés à titre exploratoire et nécessiteraient d'être à nouveau investigués dans de futures recherches.Ainsi, notre thèse ouvre la voie à des travaux de recherche novateurs dans le domaine, à l'aide d'outils encore peu utilisés et qui pourraient être améliorés afin d'affiner les profils socio-cognitivo émotionnels des AAS déjà établis et de pouvoir proposer des prises en charge adaptées à chacun des profils rencontrés. / Empathy is fundamental in our social relations: it allows their regulation by emotions. Studies, with conflicting results, have suggested that a lack of empathy among sex offenders was a central element in their evaluation and treatment.We had two objectives for this thesis:1) to validate in French, in an adult population, a general empathy scale, the Basic Empathy Scale (Jolliffe & Farrington, 2006) and an inventory of socio-emotional skills, the Social Skills Inventory (Riggio, 1989, 2002);2) to increase knowledge on the relationship between general empathy, specific empathy, cognitive distortions, social skills and recidivism among sex offenders.136 adults from a general population (78 women and 58 men) completed the self-report questionnaires divided into two sessions, separated by seven weeks. 37 inmates prison (20 child molesters, six rapists, six authors of non-sexual assault, and five non-aggressors) were interviewed and completed questionnaires over several weeks.The Basic Empathy Scale and the Social Skills Inventory have quite good psychometric qualities. Among inmates prison, links between general empathy, specific empathy, and cognitive distortions depend on the type of victim, with cognitive distortions more or less generalized accordingly. Emotion regulation is essential in the empathic process. Finally, static measures of recidivism are not correlated to general empathy, specific empathy or cognitive distortions. We also proposed exploratory profiles socio-cognitive-emotional but they require to be re-examined in future research.Thus, our thesis opens the way for innovative research in this field, using scales not yet widely used and that could be improved in order to refine the socio-cognitive-emotional profiles of the sex offenders already established and to offer of support adapted to each of the profiles encountered.

The diploma thesis deals with analysis of Pavel Kohout's Novels, which were formed in the period of seventies to the nineties. This analysis is focused especially on observation of criminal and detective motifs in novels Katyně, Kde je zakopán pes, Hodina tance a lásky and Hvězdná hodina vrahů. Due to the close interconnection of works and their author, the first part deals with the life of the writer, and emphasis is put on the period after the year 1968. The thesis also deals with the topic of criminal literature, with its development and with definition of rules, which could be found out within this kind of literature. Our intention is to analyze individual works in the terms of particular motifs and methods, which appears in Pavel Kohout's novels. The roles of the main characters and their action in connection with crime are analyzed in particular works. We also observe to what extent are the works influenced by rules and principles of criminal literature. To the characteristic feature of selected novels belongs especially the work with suspense and with reader's expectation. Key words: detective story, criminal literature, investigator, victim, motive, rules, expectation, perspective, composition, versatility

The theme of this diploma thesis is the manipulation in literature as a dialog between the I and the You or the I and the It. This I has a different position in each of the two types of manipulation. In the first type the I is the subject of manipulation - that is a manipulator. In the second one the I becomes the object of manipulation - thus a victim of a manipulator because the power over the I has been overtaken by other character's consciousness. The I and the You type is represented by an outside dialog (between characters), whereas the I and the It type is demonstrated in an inside dialog which does not occur between the hero and another character but between the hero and a voice of other character's consciousness. The opening part which deals with the manipulation in different contexts (philosophical, political and psychological) is followed by a part where I interpret the manipulation's representation in literature, especially in the works of Dostojevskij (The Double, The Village of Stepanchikovo, Notes from Underground, The Eternal Husband). With the characters of this author we can view the dark side of the human mind and also have a close look at various forms of arbitrariness, especially at the manipulation with the others.

Diploma thesis "Behavioral symptoms in sexually abused children, families access and response of social workers" focuses on clarifying the issue of child sexual abuse and its course. The introductory chapters deal with explaining the concept of sexual abuse and the possible occurrence. It characterized by potential victims, offenders and the possible risks. The work focuses on social and psychosomatic manifestations of children who are victims of sexual abuse. It compares the responses of children by age and sex. The important part is the revelation of the incident. Revealed is the most deliverance victim of pathological behavior. The work describes the victim may have reasons for concealing situation, how it reacts family after disclosure. How the assistence of social workers in contact with victims of sexual abuse.But also what measures are needed to prevent further deprivation of the child. The main goal of this work is to answer the main research question "What is the situation of the family associated with reportinag CSA?". This question seeks the whole structure of the work. The result of this thesis is the research part. The research is the analysis of documentation. The obtained dat to analyze the situation of families after reporting sexual abuse. The final summary contains the output of...

The aim of the theses is to elaborate on the problematics of theoretical aspects of victims of criminal acts. The work's main concern is the area of problematics of workplace victimization. This topic shall therefore be investigated deeply in the theoretical part of the theses as well. The practical part of the work will depict and process the specific characteristics of the mentioned problematics and in relation to it workplace victimization of employees of Czech Republic's Employment Bureau will be further looked on. In the theses we mention and define the basic terms connected to the chosen problematics. The aim of that is to point out their importance in relation to other disciplines, especially those which are related to victimological research and problematics of victims of criminal acts. Nowadays, the topic of workplace victimization, in other words victimization undergone when in work, is more and more frequently researched and looked up by laics, academic people and even the media. The dominant of the second part of the theses is a focus on employees of Czech Republic's Employment Bureau. In the work we analysed, from the data provided by the Bureau, the criminal or violent incidents which happened on the workplace there. The data set chosen originated from the Moravskoslezský region, as...

The injured party in criminal procedure and his/her protection The diploma thesis deals with the position of the injured party in criminal proceedings and protection of the injured. It is divided into six chapters, the first chapter introduces the topic and the last presents the conclusions. The thesis is based on legal regulations, professional literature, case law, as well as electronic sources. The second chapter focuses on defining the concept of the injured party. It also addresses the difference between the injured party and the victim of a crime. The third chapter of the diploma thesis describes the aspects that may be used to classify the rights of the injured party. In this part of the diploma thesis, besides the first subchapter focused on the issue of classification of rights, there are four other subchapters. The first one is concerned with the rights of the injured party not entitled to monetary compensation, other than proprietary loss or surrender of unjust enrichment; the other deals with the rights of the injured party entitled to such claims. These chapters provide examples of such rights and deal with certain claims. These claims are described in more detail and deficiencies of the legislation are mentioned. The fourth subchapter focuses on the rights of the injured party stated...

Föreliggande studie undersökte förekomsten av milt partnervåld bland studenter samt om det förelåg en interaktionseffekt mellan kvinnliga och manliga studenter vad gäller uppfattningen av allvarlighetsgraden till partnervåld samt studentens egen historia av partnervåld. Två vinjetter beskrev ett scenario av partnervåld som graderades utifrån Opinions of Domestic Violence Scale samt fjorton frågor om beteenden inom partnervåld. Deltagarna var 476 studenter från ett mellanstort universitet i Sverige. Resultatet indikerade på att manliga studenter är mer utsatta för milt partnervåld medan kvinnliga studenter begår mer milt partnervåld. Vidare visade resultatet att manliga studenter som hade varit utsatta för partnervåld uppfattade våldet som allvarligt, men som mindre allvarligt än manliga studenter som varken varit utsatta eller förövare av partnervåld, samtidigt som kvinnliga studenter uppfattade våldet som allvarligt, oavsett om de hade varit utsatta, förövare, både utsatta och förövare eller varken utsatt eller förövare av partnervåld. Studiens resultat diskuteras utifrån tidigare forskning samt Gender schema theory. Praktiska implikationer diskuterades som understryker att vidare kunskap inom området bör implementeras. / The present study examined the frequency of mild partner violence among students, as well as the interaction between female and male students regarding the perception of the severity of partner violence together with the students’ own history of partner violence. Two vignettes described a scenario of partner violence and were graded according to the Opinions of Domestic Violence Scale along with fourteen questions about behaviours within partner violence. The participants were 476 students enrolled at an average sized university in Sweden. The results indicated that male students generally were more victimized of mild partner violence, while women perpetrated more mild partner violence. Furthermore, the results also showed that male students who had been victims of partner violence perceived partner violence as severe, but less severe compared to male students that had been neither victims nor perpetrators of partner violence, while female students perceived the violence as more severe, regardless if they had been victimized, perpetrators, both victimized and perpetrators or neither victimized nor perpetrators. The study’s results were discussed based on previous research as well as Gender Schema Theory. Practical implications were discussed which conclude that further education is needed within the area.