Abstract Flying is a three dimensional exercise that is combined with time. It includes application of theory, realistic space handling and management of time. In order to let pilot feel the handling, tempo, movement in space, aircraft attitude and radio communication procedure for flying, it is a brand new challenge to develop digitization teaching material of flying handling skill for audio/video and assisting of simulation machine function weak point of the visual effect, use it to help student pilot with understanding the knowledge of flying handling. This research initially statistically analyzed the training completion and drop-out data of 18 Basic Flying Training classes of the Chinese Air Force Academy, from the academic year of 88 to 92. The research found that the traffic pattern phase has 21.8% of drop-out rate among the 35.2% of the whole training drop-out rate. Furthermore, 16 out of 18 classes had the highest drop-out rate during the traffic pattern phase. Therefore, The purpose of this research lies in offering digitization teaching material for audio/video in order to help student pilot with understanding and learning the flying skill for traffic pattern, in hopes of assisting student pilot on handling and concept and providing effective learning method and technical instruction for both the student pilot and the training unit to advance the performance of flying training. The question of this research includes: 1. Novel flying training and teaching assistance equipments. 2. Raising the traffic pattern phase training completion rate. 3. Raising the traffic pattern phase training performance. 4. Investigating the potential problems associated with flying training. The researcher is currently the Chinese Air Force Academy instructor pilot. Therefore, the researcher hopes through studying the law as the main research approach with oneself action of action research.In this research, the researcher except that collect putting to documents in order and devotes to develop digitization teaching material for audio/video and select two of the flying training classes of the current academic year, coordinating with the basic flying training schedule of the Chinese Air Force Academy. There will be surveys and interviews with case study through analysis tool for analyzing research data, after applied the traffic pattern digital Audio/Video. Lastly, the research procedure and data analysis will discover that action research has important value in the field of flight training and conclude critical influence factors for the teaching media aspect, unit administration aspect, flying training actual practice aspect, and flying students¡¦ aspect, in order to provide training advice and future research direction. Keywords: Traffic Pattern¡BTraining Performance¡BCritical Influence Factor¡BAction Research¡BDigital Audio/Video Learning Material

Online education is popular from a consumer perspective, but there are elements of face-to-face instruction and assessment that are difficult to reproduce online (Bassoppo-Moyo 2006). The difficulty of reproducing valued elements of a face-to-face setting leads to concerns regarding the overall quality of the online learning experience. Videoconferencing is one technology that has been used to incorporate elements of a face-to-face environment. However, videoconferencing over the Internet is fraught with technical difficulties and live discussions remove one of the main benefits of distance education: time flexibility. A more recent development has been to use asynchronous video as a communications method in online courses. Griffiths and Graham (2009) described several pilots using asynchronous video in online courses at Brigham Young University. Asynchronous video conveys the verbal and nonverbal signals necessary for immediacy and social presence and retains the time flexibility benefit of distance education. Following the pilot studies, a prototype design theory titled the Asynchronous Video Learning Model (AVLM) was created for the use of asynchronous video in online courses. A study was designed to study a practical implementation of AVLM. The major purpose of the study was to observe and analyze the practical experiences of participants and improve the AVLM model. A class named IPT286 (Using Instructional Technology in Teaching) taught by the department of IP&T at BYU was redesigned to be an online class using AVLM. Data were gathered during the semester and then analyzed according to the methods described in this study. Results showed that many of the principles of the AVLM model were successfully implemented and led to positive experiences. Some elements of the model were not adequately implemented which led to some negative experiences. In addition, experiences led to new elements being added to the model. The study also revealed some interesting principles related to general learning theory. The data consistently revealed the importance of relationships in the learning process. Relationships between students and the instructor were shown to influence the student learning experience, and therefore the personality and style of the instructor impacted overall student learning to some degree.

Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit der Analyse eines CSCL-Scripts im Rahmen einer Video-Lernumgebung für die Hochschullehre. Teilnehmende der Experimentalgruppe beschäftigen sich in fünf Phasen mit der Peer Annotation von Videomaterial und mit Peer Assessment, denen im Vergleich zu einer Kontrollgruppe ein schrittweiser und zeitlich gesteuerter Ablauf zugrunde liegt. Der Beitrag verfolgt das Ziel, auf Basis von Analysen erhobener Logdaten aufzuzeigen, welchen Einfluss der Script-Einsatz auf die Effektivität der Interaktion und die Kollaboration zwischen Teilnehmenden hat sowie welche Auswirkungen das Script auf die Nutzungsintensivität und die Arbeitsverteilteilung innerhalb der Gruppen hat.

The purpose of this convergent mixed method study was to determine whether or not there is a difference in the perceived and actual financial literacy scores of millennials. Exploring the following research questions and hypotheses helped to expand knowledge around actual financial literacy and several other characteristics, including perceived financial literacy, especially among millennials (individuals born between 1981 and 1996): RQ1: What is the difference between millennials' actual and perceived financial literacy scores? RQ2: To what extent do socioeconomic status, gender, and having a bank account predict millennials' financial literacy scores? H0: There is no relationship between millennials' socioeconomic status, gender, banking status and their financial literacy scores. RQ3: What video delivery methods (if any) are millennials using to gain financial literacy knowledge in informal learning environments? Millennial participants (N = 207) were asked to complete a survey. Participants' perceived financial literacy scores were higher than their actual financial literacy scores. While males had higher perceived financial literacy ratings, females accounted for the majority of participants who scored four or above on a 5-point scale for actual financial literacy. Although, the null hypothesis was incorrect, the independent variables used in the ANOVA tables accounted for less than 15% of financial literacy scores. One hundred twenty-one millennials (58.5%) reported viewing a financial video versus 86 (41.5%) who reported not viewing financial videos. Eighty-one percent of participants reported watching financial videos at their homes. To create a lasting impact that can progress financial literacy and informal learning, more knowledge is needed.

Gegenstand des Promotionsvorhabens ist die Anwendung der Mustertheorie als systemtheoretische Methode zur Beschreibung verbreiteter Lösungen für wiederkehrende Probleme bei der Gestaltung und Entwicklung videobasierter Lernumgebungen. Diese sogenannten Design Patterns beschreiben dabei abstrakte, generische Lösungen bezüglich des Wissensmanagements, der sozialen Interaktion und der Anreicherung von Inhalten in hypervideo-basierten Lernumgebungen. Um neben rezeptiven und selbstgesteuerten auch kollaborative Lernszenarien in solchen Lernumgebungen zu ermöglichen, werden Materialien, Aufgaben sowie Gruppenzusammensetzungen mit Hilfe von CSCL-Scripts strukturiert. Auf Grundlage der entwickelten Design Patterns und Scripts wurden ein Software-Framework sowie mehrere Lernumgebungen implementiert und in Feldstudien evaluiert.

Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit der Analyse eines CSCL-Scripts im Rahmen einer Video-Lernumgebung für die Hochschullehre. Teilnehmende der Experimentalgruppe beschäftigen sich in fünf Phasen mit der Peer Annotation von Videomaterial und mit Peer Assessment, denen im Vergleich zu einer Kontrollgruppe ein schrittweiser und zeitlich gesteuerter Ablauf zugrunde liegt. Der Beitrag verfolgt das Ziel, auf Basis von Analysen erhobener Logdaten aufzuzeigen, welchen Einfluss der Script-Einsatz auf die Effektivität der Interaktion und die Kollaboration zwischen Teilnehmenden hat sowie welche Auswirkungen das Script auf die Nutzungsintensivität und die Arbeitsverteilteilung innerhalb der Gruppen hat.

Gegenstand des Promotionsvorhabens ist die Anwendung der Mustertheorie als systemtheoretische Methode zur Beschreibung verbreiteter Lösungen für wiederkehrende Probleme bei der Gestaltung und Entwicklung videobasierter Lernumgebungen. Diese sogenannten Design Patterns beschreiben dabei abstrakte, generische Lösungen bezüglich des Wissensmanagements, der sozialen Interaktion und der Anreicherung von Inhalten in hypervideo-basierten Lernumgebungen. Um neben rezeptiven und selbstgesteuerten auch kollaborative Lernszenarien in solchen Lernumgebungen zu ermöglichen, werden Materialien, Aufgaben sowie Gruppenzusammensetzungen mit Hilfe von CSCL-Scripts strukturiert. Auf Grundlage der entwickelten Design Patterns und Scripts wurden ein Software-Framework sowie mehrere Lernumgebungen implementiert und in Feldstudien evaluiert.