Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed Oct. 31, 2007). Includes bibliographical references (p. 152-161).

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Melbourne, Centre for Eye Research Australia, Dept. of Opthalmology 2010. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (p. 251-274)

Orientador: Maria Elisabete R. F. Gasparetto / Dissertação (mestrado profissional) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T14:01:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Monteiro_MaylaMyrinaBianchim_M.pdf: 1186729 bytes, checksum: d130f3bdcd2629a47d25d86449e5e344 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: O estudo da leitura e a escrita de sujeitos com baixa visão é um campo novo e pouco explorado pela Fonoaudiologia e que pode contribuir nos processos de reabilitação desses sujeitos. Nesta pesquisa foi realizado um levantamento descritivo e transversal que teve por objetivo verificar como os sujeitos com baixa visão adquirida utilizavam a leitura e a escrita em seu cotidiano. A população foi constituída por 30 sujeitos que freqüentaram o Programa de Reabilitação de Adolescentes e Adultos do CEPRE/FCM/UNICAMP em 2008. Aplicou-se questionário por entrevista, desenvolvido por estudo exploratório, onde foram investigadas as seguintes variáveis: características pessoais; uso de recursos de tecnologia assistiva na leitura e escrita; uso, frequência e finalidade da leitura e da escrita. A média de idade do grupo era de 38 anos e média de idade do aparecimento do problema oftalmológico era de 29 anos. A maioria dos sujeitos declarou utilizar auxílios ópticos na leitura e na escrita e utilizar auxílios não ópticos para a leitura. A grande totalidade declarou possuir hábito de leitura e utilizá-la diariamente como finalidade de buscar informações de interesse pessoal. Em relação à escrita, grande parcela relatou utilizá-la com a finalidade de fazer anotações para si próprio. Apesar da maioria dos sujeitos declarar utilizar a leitura com a mesma freqüência que usava antes do aparecimento do problema oftalmológico, ficou evidenciado que os sujeitos necessitavam ler o texto mais vezes para ter a compreensão do mesmo, devido ao embaralhamento das letras e ao cansaço visual. A maioria dos sujeitos informou utilizar as atividades de leitura e a escrita como forma de comunicação. Dos sujeitos que declararam não fazer uso da leitura e da escrita após o aparecimento do problema visual, verificou-se que a maioria justificou como motivo o fato de não enxergar. Concluiu-se que os sujeitos utilizavam a leitura e escrita como forma de comunicação no seu cotidiano, apresentando necessidade de ler o texto mais de uma vez para ter compreensão do mesmo. As dificuldades com as atividades de leitura e escrita podem limitar as pessoas com baixa visão devendo-se dar atenção especial à linguagem escrita nos Programas de Reabilitação, sugerindo-se, portanto, a inclusão do Fonoaudiólogo na equipe interdisciplinar como parte integrante do processo de reabilitação / Abstract: The study of reading and writing by low vision subjects is a new and less explored field by the Hearing and Speech Pathology, and can contribute for the rehabilitation process of these subjects. In this research a descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted for the purpose to verify how subjects with acquired low vision use the reading and the writing in their daily life. The sample was made with 30 subjects participating in the Teenagers and Adult's Rehabilitation Group at the CEPRE/FCM/UNICAMP during 2008. A questionnaire was applied by interview to investigate the variables: personal characteristics, use of assistive technology resources, use, frequency and object of reading and writing. For this group, average of age was 38 and for the vision loss was 29. Most of the subjects declared the use of optical aids to read and to write and to use non-optical aids to read. The majority declared to use the reading daily with the purpose to find information that concerned them. Regarding to writing, the majority declared to use it with the purpose to take notes for themselves. Although most of the subjects declared to use the reading with the same frequency as before the appearance of the visual loss it was evidenced that the subjects now needed to read the text several times to understand it, due to the scrambling of letters and visual exhaustion. Most of the subjects related to use the activities of reading and writing for communication. The subjects that related no long using reading and writing after the appearance of the visual loss, justified that because couldn't see. It was concluded that the subjects used the reading and the writing as communication in their daily life, even needing to read the text more than once to understand it. Difficulties with reading and writing might narrow life activities of people with low vision. Therefore special attention to written language should be given in the Rehabilitation's Programs and this suggests the inclusion of the Hearing and Speech Pathologist in the interdisciplinary team as part of the Rehabilitation process / Mestrado / Interdisciplinaridade e Reabilitação / Mestre em Saúde, Interdisciplinaridade e Reabilitação

Orientador: Keila Miriam Monteiro de Carvalho / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T00:54:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Monteiro_MaylaMyrinaBianchim_D.pdf: 5546012 bytes, checksum: 050cb7f7ee2770a2dffe6a5924e2b5d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Estudos sobre o envelhecimento e sobre qualidade de vida vêm ganhando espaço nas ultimas décadas, devido ao aumento da expectativa de vida da população, não sendo diferente na Oftalmologia. Esta pesquisa procurou conhecer e avaliar a qualidade de vida de idosos deficientes visuais após participarem de uma Intervenção Terapêutica. Foi realizado um estudo longitudinal, através de dois questionários de qualidade de vida para doenças oculares: Low Vision Quality of Live e Vision Function Questionaire- 25. A população deste estudo foi constituída por sujeitos idosos, portadores de baixa visão adquirida, atendidos no Ambulatório de Visão Subnormal/HC/UNICAMP no período de fevereiro de 2011 a junho de 2012. Os dois questionários eram aplicados pela pesquisadora, e após, os sujeitos foram convidados a participarem da Intervenção Terapêutica que foi realizada em três encontros mensais e consecutivos, abordando os seguintes temas: atividades do dia a dia, auxílios ópticos e não ópticos e leitura e escrita. Após participarem dos três encontros, os sujeitos respondiam novamente aos questionários. Análises estatísticas foram utilizadas na análise dos dados. Cinquenta e dois sujeitos participaram da pesquisa. A faixa de idade participante do estudo deu-se entre 60 e 91 anos. As degenerações maculares foram as principais causas da perda visual (38%). A maioria dos sujeitos (80%) tem o primário como grau de escolaridade. Estatisticamente, não houve melhora significativa no grau de dificuldade na realização de atividades do dia a dia após Intervenção Terapêutica nos dois questionários (VEM=3.2 pré intervenção e VEM=3.1 pós Intervenção). Houve aumento do uso de auxílios ópticos pós intervenção (de 37 (61%) para 45 (86%) sujeitos fazendo uso do auxílio óptico) devido à abordagem da necessidade do uso do mesmo e também explanações acerca de seu funcionamento. As dificuldades na realização de tarefas do dia a dia pode influenciar diretamente a qualidade de vida das pessoas com baixa visão, ponto este que deve ser abordado amplamente nos serviços de reabilitação / Abstract: Studies on elderly and quality of life have been gaining ground in recent decades, due to increased life expectancy of the population, not being different in Ophthalmology. This research sought to understand and evaluate the quality of life of low vision elderly after participating in a Therapeutic Intervention. A longitudinal study, using two questionnaires on quality of life for eye diseases was conducted: Low Vision Quality of Live and Vision Function Questionnaire - 25. The study population consisted of elderly subjects, with acquired low vision at the Outpatient Low Vision / HC / UNICAMP from February 2011 to June 2012. The subjects responded to both questionnaires, and after, were invited to participate in the Therapeutic Intervention which was carried out in three consecutive monthly meetings, addressing the following topics: activities of daily life, optical and non-optical aids and reading and writing. After participating in the three meetings, the subjects answered the questionnaires again. Statistical analyzes were used to analyze the data. Fifty-two subjects participated in the study. The age of the study participants was between 60 and 91 years. Macular degeneration was the main causes of visual loss (38 %). Most subjects (80 %) has the primary as schooling. Statistically, there was significant improvement in the degree of difficulty in performing activities of daily life after Therapeutic Intervention in the two questionnaires (VEM=3.2 pre intervention e VEM=3.1 post Intervention). There was increased use of optical aids post-intervention (37 (61 %) to 45 (86 %) subjects making use of optical aids) because of the need to use it and also explanations about their operation approach. The difficulties in carrying out everyday tasks can directly influence the quality of life for people with low vision, a point that should be addressed extensively in rehabilitation services / Doutorado / Ciencias Biomedicas / Doutora em Ciências Médicas

Orientador: Maria Aparecida Affonso Moysés / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T12:53:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PintoeSilva_RafaelFerreira_M.pdf: 1892017 bytes, checksum: 8c5dda661c811869c486972b5e2bed56 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Este estudo se origina da pergunta: Como pais de crianças deficientes visuais reagem diante do filho não sonhado? Com a finalidade de se aproximar dos sentimentos e expectativas de pais na primeira avaliação de seus filhos em reabilitação visual, procurando compreender afetos, emoções, expectativas e frustrações. Foram entrevistados nove mães e três pais de dez crianças com diagnóstico de deficiência visual e idade entre zero e três anos, participantes do Programa de Intervenção Precoce. Foram informados sobre a pesquisa e assinaram Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. Este trabalho foi conduzido pela abordagem qualitativa, pelo método de estudo de caso, com ênfase no paradigma indiciário. Os dados foram coletados por entrevista semi-estruturada e análise de documentos. As entrevistas foram realizadas e transcritas; lidas, relidas, buscando definir as categorias de análise e realizar a análise de conteúdo. O número de sujeitos participantes foi definido por critério de saturação. Elencamos duas categorias de análise: Estigma e Olhar Materno. Discute-se as dificuldades enfrentadas pela criança e seus pais ao vivenciarem uma condição estigmatizante, em especial, os possíveis prejuízos para a constituição da identidade/subjetividade da criança pela ausência do espelho do olhar por sua privação de visão. Aponta-se a necessidade de adequada formação dos profissionais da saúde / Abstract: This study stems from the question: As parents of blind children react to the child does not dream? In order to get closer to the feelings and expectations of parents in the first assessment of their children in visual rehabilitation, trying to understand feelings, emotions, expectations and frustrations. We interviewed nine mothers and three fathers of ten children diagnosed with visual impairment and age between zero and three years, participants in the Early Intervention Program. Were informed about the study and signed a consent form. This work was conducted by a qualitative approach, the case study method, with emphasis on evidentiary paradigm. Data were collected by semistructured interviews and document analysis. The interviews were conducted and transcribed, read, reread, trying to define the categories of analysis and conduct content analysis. The number of participants was defined by criteria of saturation. We list two categories of analysis: Stigma and maternal gaze. It discusses the difficulties faced by children and their parents to experience a stigmatizing condition, in particular, the possible damage to the constitution of identity / subjectivity of the child by the absence of the mirror looking for its deprivation of vision. Pointed out the need for adequate training of health professionals / Mestrado / Saude da Criança e do Adolescente / Mestre em Saude da Criança e do Adolescente

Orientadores: Keila Miriam Monteiro de Carvalho, Rodrigo Pessoa Cavalcanti Lira / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T10:04:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Zimmermann_Anita_D.pdf: 2614474 bytes, checksum: 1d6ddd4b27c92b25dfed8b28ff8b7940 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Objetivo: Avaliar a Visão Funcional de crianças de zero a 5 anos e 11 meses de idade, após diagnóstico oftalmológico de Baixa Visão, para identificar a necessidade de Estimulação Visual no grupo estudado do Serviço de Estimulação Visual/VSN/OFTALMOLOGIA/HC/FCM/UNICAMP. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal analítico, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, nº 1025/2010. Foi utilizado instrumento de Avaliação da Visão Funcional Infantil, organizado após estudos na literatura de autores nacionais e internacionais, na busca por avaliações da visão funcional que contemplassem a necessidade do serviço. Considerando-se as diferentes faixas etárias infantis propostas neste estudo, com n = 143, ponderou-se sobre a efetividade de algumas avaliações pesquisadas, organizando-se instrumento avaliatório, com tópicos, desenvolvidos de maneira a se obter respostas visuais eficientes para determinar condutas em Estimulação Visual. O Instrumento de Avaliação da Visão Funcional Infantil foi aplicado em grupo controle, com mesmo n (n=143) para sua validação. Resultados: As afecções oftalmológicas, responsáveis pelas deficiências visuais do grupo estudado foram: Retinopatia da Prematuridade, Afecções de Nervo Óptico, Deficiência Visual Cortical, Coriorretinite Macular Infecciosa, Malformações Oculares, Catarata Infantil, Degenerações Primárias da Retina, Glaucoma Congênito, Ceratopatias e Trauma Ocular ou Orbitário. A distribuição por idades foi determinada pela proximidade de respostas visuais esperadas para cada faixa etária deste estudo. Em relação ao Desenvolvimento Neuro Psico Motor (DNPM), 44 (30%) crianças apresentavam Bom desenvolvimento Neuro Psico Motor (BDNPM) e 99 (70%) Retardo no Desenvolvimento Neuro Psico Motor (RDNPM). No grupo controle, 2 crianças (1,4%) apresentaram RDNPM. Após aplicação do Instrumento de Avaliação da Visão Funcional Infantil, Parte 1 e Parte 2 (Teste com Cartões de Teller), das 143 crianças estudadas, 107, representando 74% do total, receberam indicação para Estimulação Visual. No grupo controle, independente do DNPM, nenhuma criança recebeu indicação para estimulação visual. Conclusão: O Instrumento de Avaliação da Visão Funcional Infantil, em sua composição com o teste com Cartões de Teller, foi eficiente para determinar condutas em estimulação visual / Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the Functional Vision in children between zero and 5 years and 11 months old, after ophthalmological diagnosis of Low Vision, in order to identify the necessity of Visual Stimulation in the studied group from the Visual Stimulation Service/VSN/OPHTHALMOLOGY/HC/FCM/UNICAMP. Materials and Methods: This is a transversal analytical study, approved by the Research Ethics Committee, nº 1025/2010. It was used an Instrument for Functional Vision Evaluation for Children, organized after studies in the literature of national and international authors, in the search for functional vision evaluations which addressed the need for the service. Considering the different infant ages proposed on this study, with n = 143, the effectiveness of some evaluations surveyed were pondered, resulting in the organization of an evaluation instrument, with topics, developed in order to obtain efficient visual answers to determine Visual Stimulation conducts. The Instrument for Functional Vision Evaluation was applied in the Control Group, with similar n (n=143) for its validation. Results: The ophthalmologic diseases, responsible for the visual deficiencies of the studied group were: Retinopathy of Prematurity, Optical Nerve Disorder, Cortical Visual Deficiency, Infectious Macular Chorioretinitis, Ocular Malformations, Child Cataract, Retinal Primary Degenerations, Congenital Glaucoma, Ceratopatias and Ocular or Orbital Trauma. The age distribution was determined by the proximity of visual responses expected for each group age on this study. Regarding to the Psycho Neuro Motor Development (PNMD), 44 (30%) of the children presented Good Psycho Neuro Motor Development (GPNMD) and 99 (70%) presented Retardation of Psycho Neuro Motor Development (RPNMD). After the application of the Instrument for Functional Vision Evaluation for Children, Part 1 and Part 2 (Test with Teller Cards), on the 143 evaluated children, 107, representing 74% of the total, received indication for Visual Stimulation. In the control group, independently from the PNMD, no children has received indication for visual stimulation. Conclusion: The Instrument for Functional Vision Evaluation for Children, in its composition with the Test with Teller Cards, was efficient to identify conducts in Visual Stimulation / Doutorado / Ciencias Biomedicas / Doutora em Ciências Médicas

Low vision impacts on Quality of Life (QoL). Thus, low vision services are essential to enhance the QoL of people with functional low vision. However, of the estimated 70 out of the 124 million people with low vision who require services, approximately 5-10% has access to services. The demands for low vision services will continue to grow due to the emerging global trends in ageing populations and changes in the epidemiology of vision impairment. While critical data and information are available for other forms of vision impairment, there is a paucity of information on the distribution, needs, and priorities for improving low vision service delivery at the national, regional, and global levels. / This thesis addressed the problem by first developing and distributing a survey to Vision 2020 contacts, government, and non government organisations in 195 countries during 2006-2008 to assess the current situation of low vision services globally. The survey was first pilot tested leading to improvements in the length, layout, and content of its form. Specifically, the survey topics included: epidemiology, policies, human resources, service provision, barriers, equipment, and monitoring and evaluation. / The Classification Analysis and Regression Tree (CART), logistic regression methodology and grounded theory analysis were used to present the findings and identify the critical success factors of low vision service coverage. The qualitative component consisted of case studies in three countries (India, Ghana, and Cameroon) during November 2007 and 2008. A total of 101 interviews were carried out. The case studies provided an overview and historical perspective of services, effectiveness, cost, efficiency, acceptability, access, equity, sustainability, and ideal situations as recommended by interviewees. Qualitative findings from the case studies were produced with the assistance of the NVivo software. / The primary results are that the majority (80%) of countries have poor (≤10%) coverage. Key issues pertinent to the current situation of service coverage are: human resources (number and combination of disciplines), funding (sustainability and arrangements), type of services provided (comprehensive and multidisciplinary) and its locations (NGOs or government facilities), and the sociodemographic and economic barriers (costs, awareness, and rural areas) to accessing services. / The critical success factors found in this research are represented by the ‘FRAME’: Funding (sustainable source, public and private mix), Rehabilitation workers (e.g., adequate numbers of multidisciplinary personnel), Access to low vision devices, Multidisciplinary services; and External contextual influences in which low vision services operate in. The case studies identified seven major themes that further build on the FRAME: sustainability, governance, advocacy, human resources, access, awareness, and service delivery. / The conclusion of the thesis is that a global picture of the current situation of low vision services was acquired and it is now known which countries have poor (≤10%) and better (>10%) coverage. It also found the critical success factors that will assist the WHO Low Vision Working Group and Vision 2020 to improve the current models of service delivery, future planning, training curriculum development, and priorities setting. Specifically, these need to be achieved through three areas of action: human resources development, sustainability, and advocacy.

Low vision impacts on Quality of Life (QoL). Thus, low vision services are essential to enhance the QoL of people with functional low vision. However, of the estimated 70 out of the 124 million people with low vision who require services, approximately 5-10% has access to services. The demands for low vision services will continue to grow due to the emerging global trends in ageing populations and changes in the epidemiology of vision impairment. While critical data and information are available for other forms of vision impairment, there is a paucity of information on the distribution, needs, and priorities for improving low vision service delivery at the national, regional, and global levels. / This thesis addressed the problem by first developing and distributing a survey to Vision 2020 contacts, government, and non government organisations in 195 countries during 2006-2008 to assess the current situation of low vision services globally. The survey was first pilot tested leading to improvements in the length, layout, and content of its form. Specifically, the survey topics included: epidemiology, policies, human resources, service provision, barriers, equipment, and monitoring and evaluation. / The Classification Analysis and Regression Tree (CART), logistic regression methodology and grounded theory analysis were used to present the findings and identify the critical success factors of low vision service coverage. The qualitative component consisted of case studies in three countries (India, Ghana, and Cameroon) during November 2007 and 2008. A total of 101 interviews were carried out. The case studies provided an overview and historical perspective of services, effectiveness, cost, efficiency, acceptability, access, equity, sustainability, and ideal situations as recommended by interviewees. Qualitative findings from the case studies were produced with the assistance of the NVivo software. / The primary results are that the majority (80%) of countries have poor (≤10%) coverage. Key issues pertinent to the current situation of service coverage are: human resources (number and combination of disciplines), funding (sustainability and arrangements), type of services provided (comprehensive and multidisciplinary) and its locations (NGOs or government facilities), and the sociodemographic and economic barriers (costs, awareness, and rural areas) to accessing services. / The critical success factors found in this research are represented by the ‘FRAME’: Funding (sustainable source, public and private mix), Rehabilitation workers (e.g., adequate numbers of multidisciplinary personnel), Access to low vision devices, Multidisciplinary services; and External contextual influences in which low vision services operate in. The case studies identified seven major themes that further build on the FRAME: sustainability, governance, advocacy, human resources, access, awareness, and service delivery. / The conclusion of the thesis is that a global picture of the current situation of low vision services was acquired and it is now known which countries have poor (≤10%) and better (>10%) coverage. It also found the critical success factors that will assist the WHO Low Vision Working Group and Vision 2020 to improve the current models of service delivery, future planning, training curriculum development, and priorities setting. Specifically, these need to be achieved through three areas of action: human resources development, sustainability, and advocacy.

Orientadores: Maria Francisca Colella dos Santos, Angelica Maria Bicudo Zeferino / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T19:57:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos_Elisandrados_M.pdf: 2248137 bytes, checksum: 83f9ea03c594cd939cc8379810323965 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Objetivo: Analisar o processamento auditivo de escolares portadores de deficiência visual (baixa visão e cegueira), além de caracterizá-los quanto aos aspectos sociais. Métodos: Avaliação de 30 crianças, sendo 15 do Grupo I, constituído por crianças portadoras de deficiência visual e 15 do Grupo II formado por crianças com visão normal, sem queixas auditivas e/ou escolares. Realizamos meatoscopia, audiometria tonal liminar, logoaudiometria e imitânciometria; além dos testes de Localização Sonora em Cinco Direções, Memória Seqüencial para Sons Verbais e Não Verbais, Fala com Ruído, Dicótico de Dígitos, Padrão de Duração e Randon Gap Detection Test. Resultados: Em relação à avaliação audiológica básica, no Grupo I, 3 (20%) escolares tiveram resultados alterados, enquanto 12 (80%) estavam dentro da normalidade. Já no Grupo II, todos os participantes apresentaram resultados normais. Na bateria de testes do Processamento Auditivo, o Grupo I apresentou 10 (66,6%) escolares com alteração e 4 (26,6%) dentro da normalidade , enquanto o Grupo II mostrou 6 (40%) escolares com resultados alterados e 9 (60%) normais. Conclusão: O Grupo I mostrou-se com desempenho desfavorável em relação ao Grupo II tanto na avaliação audiológica básica, como na bateria de testes do Processamento Auditivo. Quanto aos aspectos sociais, o Grupo I apresentou pior situação sócio-econômica quando comparado ao Grupo II, além haver uma tendência em ter maior número de pessoas na família e um significativo número de mães que são responsáveis apenas pelo trabalho doméstico e o cuidado com os filhos / Abstract: Objective: Analyze the auditory processing in children with visual impairment (low vision and blindness), in addition to characterize them according to social aspects. Methods: Thirty children were evaluated: 15 comprised Group I ¿ children with visual impairment; and 15 comprised Group II ¿ children with normal vision, without hearing and/or school complaints. The children underwent meatoscopy, pure tone audiometry, logoaudiometry and imitanciometry, as well as tests of sound localization from five directions, verbal and non-verbal sequential memory, speech in noise, dichotic digits, standard gap duration and Randon gap detection test. Results: Respecting the basic auditory evaluation, three (20%) students in Group I presented results altered, while twelve (80%) presented normal results. On the other hand, all participants in Group II presented normal results. Concerning the set of auditory processing tests, ten (66,6%) students in Group I presented alterations and four (26,6%) presented normal results; while six (40%) students in Group II showed results altered and nine (60%) presented normal results. Conclusion: The Group I performance was unfavorable in comparison to the Group II, either in the basic auditory evaluation or in the set of auditory processing tests. However, we could conclude that students with visual impairment do not present better hearing abilities when compared to students with normal eyesight / Mestrado / Saude da Criança e do Adolescente / Mestre em Saude da Criança e do Adolescente