Arbetet undersökte om det är möjligt att procedurellt generera giltiga och underhållande racerbanor för Formel 1 genom användandet av Voronoi diagram och self-avoiding random walk. En procedurell algoritm skapades och två enkäter konstruerades för att undersöka denna algoritms underhållningsvärde. Dessa enkäter distribuerades till kunniga individer inom racinggenren. Både algoritmen som helhet och dess dynamiska parametrar undersöktes. Det fastställdes att det är möjligt att procedurellt generera Formel 1 racerbanor som är underhållande med detta tillvägagångssätt. Vidare visar resultatet att en stor del av svarspersonerna finner artefaktens procedurella racerbanor underhållande, även i kontrast till riktiga racerbanor. Gynnsamma värden för artefaktens dynamiska parametrar i mån av ökad underhållning har också fastställts. En mer omfattande algoritm kan skapas utifrån detta arbete som tar hänsyn till exempelvis höjdskillnader och camber. Framtida arbeten kan då undersöka dessa delar av en racerbanas underhållningsvärde. Algoritmen kan även jämföras med andra procedurella metoder inom racing och andra spel. / <p>Det finns övrigt digitalt material (t.ex. film-, bild- eller ljudfiler) eller modeller/artefakter tillhörande examensarbetet som ska skickas till arkivet.</p>

We present an implicit approach for constructing smooth isolated or interconnected 3-D inscribed volumes which can be employed for volumetric modeling of various kinds of spongy or porous structures, such as volcanic rocks, pumice stones, Cancellus bones *, liquid or dry foam, radiolarians, cheese, and other similar materials. The inscribed volumes can be represented in their normal or positive forms to model natural pebbles or pearls, or in their inverted or negative forms to be used in porous structures, but regardless of their types, their smoothness and sizes are controlled by the user without losing the consistency of the shapes. We introduce two techniques for blending and creating interconnections between these inscribed volumes to achieve a great flexibility to adapt our approach to different types of porous structures, whether they are regular or irregular. We begin with a set of convex polytopes such as 3-D Voronoi diagram cells and compute inscribed volumes bounded by the cells. The cells can be irregular in shape, scale, and topology, and this irregularity transfers to the inscribed volumes, producing natural-looking spongy structures. Describing the inscribed volumes with implicit functions gives us a freedom to exploit volumetric surface combinations and deformations operations effortlessly / Graduate

This study examines Istanbul from the late 19th to early 20th century, focusing on its architectural and urban configuration. As the capital of the Ottoman Empire until 1923, Istanbul underwent significant changes that reflected the broader socioeconomic and political shifts of the era. This research primarily utilizes Mir'ât-ı İstanbul (The Mirror of Istanbul) by Kolağası Mehmed Râif Efendi, published in 1898, as a key text for analyzing the city's urban layout and architectural features. Supplementary sources include the 18th century Hadîkatü’l-Cevâmi‘ by Hüseyin Ayvansarâyî and John Murray's guidebook, Handbook for Travellers in Constantinople. The Mir’ât-ı İstanbul is positioned within the travel writing genre as an urban history source, both in global and local contexts. Mehmed Râif defines the work as a guide for those familiar and unfamiliar with Istanbul, presenting the city’s spatial information through systematic and practical details rather than a narrative structure. In this regard, Mir’ât differs from classical travelogues by offering direct and functional information about the city instead of personal experiences or stories. Moreover, the study investigates the reasons behind the creation of Mir'ât, emphasizing the urgency of preserving architectural heritage in the face of frequent natural disasters like fires and earthquakes, which were prevalent in Istanbul during that period. This preservationist impulse is seen as a response to the broader legal and administrative reforms aimed at safeguarding antiquities and historical structures. The study's methodology involves a comparative textual analysis to discern how different authors perceived and documented Istanbul's urban landscape. It integrates digital and spatial humanities tools, notably Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Space Syntax analysis, to spatially reconstruct and analyze the city's historical urban fabric. GIS enable the precise digital visualization of historical landscapes, while Space Syntax offers valuable analysis of historical urban networks, revealing patterns of connectivity and accessibility through the configuration of street layouts. The application of digital methodologies, such as Voronoi mapping, also holds potential for understanding the influence zones of neighborhoods and mosques. Through these methods, the research offers a model for future research that combines close and distant reading methodologies.:TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1.1 Purpose and scope of the study 1.2 Methodology 1.3 Biography of Kolağası Mehmed Râif Efendi 1.4 The Source and the Literature Review 1.4.1 Urban Space and Travel Writing: A Theoretical Framework 1.4.2 Locating Mir’ât-ı İstanbul in the Global Context as a Guidebook and a Source of Urban History MİR’ÂT-I İSTANBUL 2.1 Urban Glimpse into Istanbul during the period of Mir'ât-ı İstanbul 2.2 Earthquakes and Fires: Does Mir’ât-ı İstanbul Serve as an Effort to Preserve Istanbul’s Legacy Through Documentation? 2.3 Traveling Istanbul through the lines of Mir’ât: A Close Reading 2.4 Spatial and Thematic Mapping of the Mir’ât-ı İstanbul 2.4.1 WATER STRUCTURES 2.4.1.1 Fountains, Sebils, Baths, Bends, Pools, Aqueducts, Water Gauges, Mills, Wells, Water pumps, Water columns, Water tanks and Ayazmas 2.4.2 RELIGIOUS STRUCTURES 2.4.2.1 Mosques 2.4.2.2 Masjids and Namazgahs 2.4.2.3 Dervish Lodges, Tombs, Dargahs, Zawiyahs, Mevlevi Houses, Hankahs, and Semahanes 2.4.2.4 Churches, Synagogues and Monasteries 2.4.3 OFFICIAL STRUCTURES 2.4.3.1 Police Stations (Karakolhane) 2.4.3.2 Muwaqqitkhanas, Post Offices, Telegraph Offices, Banks, Courthouses, Embassies, Hospitals, Offices and Railway Stations 2.4.4 PRIVATE STRUCTURES 2.4.4.1 Coastal Palaces, Mansions, Palaces, and Pavilions 2.4.5 EDUCATIONAL STRUCTURES 2.4.5.1 Maktabs 2.4.5.2 Madrasas and Darülkurrâs 2.4.5.3 Engineering Schools (Mühendishane) 2.4.5.4 Foreign and Non-Muslim Schools 2.4.6 PUBLIC STRUCTURES AND AREAS 2.4.6.1 Bazaars and Flea Market 2.4.6.2 Garden, Nüzhetgah and Promenades, and Hills 2.4.6.3 Carpentry Shops, Forges, Foundries, Kalhanes, Tanneries, Factories, Copper Mines and Mints 2.4.6.4 Bridges, Dalyans, Gates, Lighthouses, Towers, Wharves, and Ports 2.4.6.5 Casino, Hotels, Imarets, Khans, Libraries, Matbahs, Taamhanes, Printing Houses, and Bakeries 2.4.6.6 Towers, Clock Towers, Columns, Inscriptions, Nişantaşı, Stones, and Kız Kulesi (Maiden's Tower) 2.4.7 MILITARY STRUCTURES 2.4.7.1 Castles, Fortresses, Armories, Barracks, Bastions, Maneges, Tanks and Warehouses 2.4.8 MAHALLE (NEIGHBOURHOODS) AND PLACE NAMES 2.4.9 Conclusion ISTANBUL IN BETWEEN CONTINENTS AND CENTURIES 3.1 A Spatial Comparison of the Mir’ât-ı İstanbul, Hadîkatü’l-Cevâmi‘ and Handbook for Travellers 3.2 A Handbook for Travellers by John Murray Publishing 3.3 Spatial and Thematic Comparison of the Handbook for Travellers and Mir’ât-ı İstanbul 3.3.1 WATER STRUCTURES 3.3.1.1 Fountains, Sebils, Baths, Bends, Aqueducts, Mills, and Ayazmas 3.3.2 RELIGIOUS STRUCTURES 3.3.2.1 Mosques 3.3.2.2 Masjids 3.3.2.3 Dervish Lodges, Dargahs, and Mevlevi Houses 3.3.2.4 Tombs 3.3.2.5 Churches 3.3.3 OFFICIAL STRUCTURES 3.3.3.1 Police Stations 3.3.3.2 Post Offices, Telegraph Offices, Banks, Courthouses, Embassies, Hospitals, Offices, Forwarding Agents, and Railway Stations 3.3.4 EDUCATIONAL STRUCTURES 3.3.4.1 Colleges, Schools, Universities, Institutes, Madrasas, and Maktabs 3.3.5 PUBLIC STRUCTURES 3.3.5.1 Clubs, Shops, Restaurants, Hatters, Tailors, Opticians, Photographers, Gunsmiths, Watchmakers, Shoemakers and Confectioners 3.3.5.2 Bazaars and Flea Market 3.3.5.3 Squares, Gardens, and Forests 3.3.5.4 Coal Merchants, Kaik Khânehs, Mills, Shipyards, and Factories 3.3.5.5 Bridges, Gates, Lighthouses, Wharves, and Ports 3.3.5.6 Hotels, Imarets, Khans, Libraries, Printing Houses 3.3.5.7 Towers, Clock Towers, Columns, Stones 3.3.6 MILITARY STRUCTURES 3.3.6.1 Castles, Fortresses, Barracks, Bastions ISTANBUL'S URBAN PATTERN IN THE LATE 19th AND EARLY 20th CENTURY: A COMPUTATIONAL APPROACH 4.1 The urban pattern and the thematic distribution of architectural structures in the Mir’ât-ı İstanbul: A Distant Reading 4.2 Neighboring Structures: Spatial Relationship Between Masjids and Surrounding Buildings 4.3 Urban Sphere of Influence of Masjids and Neighborhoods through Voronoi Diagram 4.4 The Spatial Distribution of Fountains in Istanbul by Sponsors 4.5 Istanbul's Historical Street Networks: Space Syntax Analysis 4.5.1. Global and Local Axial Integration Analysis of Historical Istanbul 4.5.1.1 Global and Local Integration of Galata Region 4.5.1.2 Global and Local Integration of Suriçi and Eyüp Regions 4.5.1.3 Global and Local Integration of Üsküdar Region 4. 5. 2 Global Axial Integration Analysis of Historical Istanbul as A Wholistic Perspective CONCLUSION REMARKS AND RESEARCH PERSPECTIVES

在無線網狀網路(Wireless Mesh Network)中，每個節點須幫助相鄰節點轉送資料及提供使用者網路存取，例如WLAN(IEEE 802.11s)、WMAN(IEEE 802.16)等，皆可利用多跳接方式將資料轉送至通訊閘道器(Gateway)。在無線網狀網路中，常利用密集佈建的方式來解決通訊死角的問題。當網路節點的密度增加時，無線訊號的干擾也會增強，並且各節點的效能會顯著下降。 在本研究中，將利用幾何學概念，解決網路干擾問題，並提出拓樸重建演算法來重建路徑，使網路干擾達到最小化。我們試著最小化節點與節點間的干擾，以提升整體無線網狀網路效能。我們將網路問題轉換成幾何問題，並定義在幾何圖形中線段交錯問題，之後驗證在幾何圖形中是否有線段交錯的現象發生。若發生線段交錯時，則將此線段從幾何圖形中移除，並且利用三角化演算法將此區域線段重新規劃，使相鄰節點間的干擾最小。當網路拓樸建立完成後，我們利用標準差公式將干擾較大的連線移除，使得網路效能提升。上述測試線段交錯及三角化多邊形演算法可在時間複雜度O(n log n)內找到干擾最小的解。最後，我們將利用網路模擬器(Network Simulator)驗證所提出的方法是否能達到預期的系統效能指標。 / In wireless mesh networks, such as WLAN (IEEE 802.11s), WMAN (IEEE 802.16), etc., each node should forward packets of neighboring nodes toward gateway using multi-hop routing mechanism. In wireless mesh network, as the density of network nodes increases, the RF interference will increase and the throughput of each node will drop rapidly. In our research, we use the geometry to resolve the RF interference problem by rebuilding network topology. We try to minimize the interference between neighboring nodes and improve the throughput in wireless mesh network. We transform the network topology problem into geometry problem and define the line intersection problem in geometric graph, then check path intersection in the geometric graph. If line intersection occurs in the graph, we remove the intersection line from the graph and re-plan the region by triangulation algorithm. When the network topology is built up, we use a standard deviation formula to improve network performance by removing longer links. The line intersection algorithm and triangulation algorithm, both of time complexity O(n log n), are used to find the minimal interference solution. At the end of our research, we use network simulator to verify if the proposed methods can help to meet all those performance expectations.

Dans cette thèse, nous étudions les problèmes de reconstruction statique et dynamique à partir de vues multiples et texturation, en s'appuyant sur des applications réelles et pratiques. Nous proposons trois méthodes de reconstruction destinées à l'estimation d'une représentation d'une scène statique/dynamique à partir d'un ensemble d'images/vidéos. Nous considérons ensuite le problème de texturation multi-vues en se concentrant sur la qualité visuelle de rendu..

This thesis deals with the creation of the intro with limited size. This work describes methods for reducing the size of the final application. The main part describes methods for generating graphic content and methods for its animation. It deals with creation of textures and geometry. Another part is aimed on the physical simulation of particle and elastic systems.