<p>This thesis is written at WSP management and investigates the practice of pre-project planning and feasibility studies at Swedish construction companies, through the study of the ongoing feasibility study of the mall Sturegallerian in Stockholm, and through interviews with experienced project managers in the construction industry. There is currently a big span in the way Swedish construction companies plan the pre-project phase and the aim of this thesis is to present a more generic and standardized way that helps minimize project risks and maximize efficiency and profit.</p><p> </p><p>The result is a generic model which can be used in pre-project planning. The model describes the phases in the preproject planning process and the activities that span these phases. Is also describes the categories of professions that need to participate in the preproject planning group and which activities that each profession executes.</p><p> </p><p>The other result is a list of factors that need to be considered for a well performed pre-project phase, as found during the interviews. Among others the thesis stresses the importance of involving the client as a key participant in the process. The importance of testing the profitability of the idea is also being discussed. The interviews also indicated that the pre-project phase is not linear but rather transactional and that the original alternatives presented to the client lead to new client desires and requirements.</p>

This thesis is written at WSP management and investigates the practice of pre-project planning and feasibility studies at Swedish construction companies, through the study of the ongoing feasibility study of the mall Sturegallerian in Stockholm, and through interviews with experienced project managers in the construction industry. There is currently a big span in the way Swedish construction companies plan the pre-project phase and the aim of this thesis is to present a more generic and standardized way that helps minimize project risks and maximize efficiency and profit.   The result is a generic model which can be used in pre-project planning. The model describes the phases in the preproject planning process and the activities that span these phases. Is also describes the categories of professions that need to participate in the preproject planning group and which activities that each profession executes.   The other result is a list of factors that need to be considered for a well performed pre-project phase, as found during the interviews. Among others the thesis stresses the importance of involving the client as a key participant in the process. The importance of testing the profitability of the idea is also being discussed. The interviews also indicated that the pre-project phase is not linear but rather transactional and that the original alternatives presented to the client lead to new client desires and requirements.

Waste stabilisation ponds (WSP) are a popular form of wastewater treatment worldwide, especially for rural-based manufacturing plants and small community sewage treatment. Ponds offer a robust and operationally simple technology, which are inexpensive where land is available, and have the potential to provide a considerable degree of treatment. However the continued use of WSP is being undermined by their inconsistent performance relative to current discharge requirements, particularly with respect to suspended solids, pathogen and nutrient removal. In a climate of increased public awareness of pollution, and the ever more stringent environmental protection regulations, novel pond designs need to be developed, and existing ponds retro-fitted, to improve their performance. This dissertation investigated the hydraulic modelling of non-mechanically mixed ponds, and produced a modelling framework from which improved pond designs could be evaluated. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were used to develop models which were able to predict the hydraulics of arbitrarily shaped, non-mechanically mixed ponds under controlled conditions. The models represent an important departure from traditional pond modelling techniques, which are based on either historical experience or simple hydraulic and reaction models. The CFD approach overcomes the main limitation of these models, as it accounts for spatial variations of parameters within a pond such as fluid velocity, or pollutant concentration. This allows for the prediction of pond hydraulics based on the pond geometry (such as inlet configuration, pond shape or baffle placement), pond inlet boundary conditions and the fluid properties. Thus CFD models allow the rapid investigation of the effect of design modifications on pond performance. The WSP models were designed using a two stage process. The first stage, a steady state simulation, calculated the velocity and turbulence fields for the pond; the second stage, a transient numerical tracer, utilised the underlying steady state results to calculate the advection and diffusion of a tracer species. The species concentration at the outlet was then integrated to produce residence time distributions (RTD) and other quantities which were used to characterise the pond hydraulics, and quantitatively compare the models with experimental results to assess the pond¡¦s performance. These techniques could be applied to any numerical pond flow model, and are a discerning test of the model¡¦s consistency. RTD generated from two-dimensional (2-D) CFD simulations were compared to experimental RTD derived by Mangelson and Watters (1972). In one of the three geometries simulated, the 2-D CFD model successfully predicted the experimental RTD. However, the flow patterns in the other two geometries were not well described, due to the difficulty of representing a three dimensional (3-D) inlet in the 2-D CFD model. As no general relationship could be found for approximating a 2-D inlet in 3-D, full 3-D simulations were used to model the unsuccessful cases. The 3 D simulations provided much improved results, predicting all the major features of the RTD over the first residence time, and matching exponential decay of the RTD after this period. Due to the uncertainty in the exact experimental inlet dimensions, a range of inlet depths were simulated. This showed that the CFD model was sensitive to changes in the inlet configuration, and using the appropriate inlet depth, the simulated RTD matched the experimental results well. A sensitivity analysis of the effect of the inlet turbulent boundary conditions and tracer molecular diffusivity for the k-ƒÕ turbulent model, showed the RTD was insensitive to these properties, thereby confirming similar results in related systems (Benelmouffok, 1989; De Vantier and Larock, 1987). This is significant for future pond modelling, as these properties are difficult to measure experimentally or predict reliably. Tracer studies were performed in this dissertation on five full-scale pond systems. In Tasmania three identical sewage ponds with different inlet and baffle configurations were investigated. However wind conditions in this locality masked any effect of these modifications. Tracer studies were also performed on sugar mill ponds near Mackay. While the models predicted qualitative consistent RTD results, they did not match the experimentally measured RTD due to uncontrolled environmental mixing factors and the long residence times of these ponds. A preliminary investigation of the effect of wind mixing was undertaken by imposing a velocity to the top surface of the model. These results confirmed the strong influence of even small wind velocities due to the large surface area of the ponds. Practical experience has indicated that the pond hydraulics are often the limiting factor in pond performance. Both experimental and simulation results have confirmed this through the presence of short circuiting and dead zones within the pond. Three baffle designs were assessed, all of which improved the pond hydraulics by either dispersing the inlet jet, or utilising the jet to generate specific pond mixing. Finally the work in this thesis has highlighted a number of other areas for future investigation. These include reservations over the use of RTD to characterise full-scale pond hydraulics, and considerations regarding the most efficient use of the inlet mixing in ponds. The hydraulic models developed in this dissertation can be extended to include solids, stratification and reaction models, which would enable the direct validation of the model based on physical or chemical parameters. In addition, a coupled flow and reaction model would provide a tool that could be used to truly optimise pond performance. This offers the possibility of tailoring the design of ponds for specific reactions, such as improved biological nutrient removal.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:03:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarcosAL_DISSERT.pdf: 1581194 bytes, checksum: d102059d68bb4e5b964f0012273a0656 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-28 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This research study deals with the production and distribution of drinking water with quality and safety in order to meet the needs of the Man. Points out the limitations of the methodology for assessing water quality in use today. Approaches the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) for adoption, by the companies responsible for producing and distributing water, of assessment methodologies and risk management (HACCP), in order to ensure the quality and safety of water drinking. Suggests strategies for implementing the plan for water safety plan. Uses the process of water production, composed by Maxaranguape river basin, the water treatment plant and distribution system, which is part of the Plan for Expansion of the Supply System of Natal, as case study. The results, it was possible to devise strategies for implementation of the Water Safety Plan (WSP), which comprises the following steps: a) a preliminary stage. b) assessment system. c) process monitoring. d) management plan and e) validation and verification of the PSA. At each stage are included actions for its implementation. The implementation of the PSA shows a new type of water production, in which the fountain as a whole (watershed and point of capture), the Water Treatment Plant (WTP) and distribution, shall compose the production process, over which to build quality and safety of the final product (drinking water) / A pesquisa trata da an?lise da produ??o e distribui??o de ?gua pot?vel com qualidade e seguran?a de modo a atender as necessidades do Homem. Aborda as recomenda??es da Organiza??o Mundial de Sa?de (OMS) para a ado??o, por parte das empresas respons?veis pela produ??o e distribui??o de ?gua, de metodologias de avalia??o e gest?o de riscos (APPCC), com o objetivo de garantir a qualidade e a inocuidade da ?gua pot?vel. Sugere estrat?gias para implanta??o do plano de seguran?a da ?gua. Utiliza o processo de produ??o de ?gua, composto pela bacia hidrogr?fica do rio Maxaranguape, a esta??o de tratamento de ?gua e o sistema de distribui??o, que faz parte do Plano de Expans?o do Sistema de Abastecimento do munic?pio do Natal - RN, como estudo de caso. Nos resultados obtidos, foi poss?vel tra?ar estrat?gias para implanta??o do Plano de Seguran?a da ?gua (PSA), que compreende as seguintes etapas: a) etapa preliminar. b) avalia??o do sistema. c) monitoramento do processo, d) plano de gest?o e e) Valida??o e verifica??o do PSA. Em cada etapa est?o inseridas a??es para sua implanta??o. A implanta??o do PSA mostra um novo modelo de produ??o de ?gua, no qual, o manancial como um todo (bacia hidrogr?fica e o ponto de capta??o), a Esta??o de Tratamento de ?gua (ETA) e a distribui??o, passa a compor o processo de produ??o, ao longo do qual se constr?i a qualidade e seguran?a do produto final (?gua pot?vel)

No description available.

Tato práce je zaměřena na modifikaci charakteru rozhraní substrát-nástřik NiCrAlY povlaků nanesených pomocí technologie vodou stabilizované plazmy na substráty z oceli S235JRC+C. Přetavení žárové vrstvy elektronovým paprskem bylo zvoleno jako technologie pro modifikaci a dvě různé modifikace byly zkoumány. V práci byl proveden pokus o stanovení vlivu modifikací na adhezní vlastnosti nástřiku. Dále jsou v práci prezentovány analýzy mikrostruktury, fázového a chemického složení a mikrotvrdosti ve stavu před a po modifikaci. Během studie bylo zjištěno, že dochází ke změnám fázového složení jak během depozice, tak během modifikace elektronovým paprskem. Modifikace elektronovým paprskem způsobila roztavení oxidů původní mikrostruktury nástřiku, které následně rekrystalizovaly na povrchu modifikované vrstvy. Dalším získaným poznatkem bylo, že dochází ke snížení mikrotvrdosti po modifikaci, což bylo způsobeno odstraněním oxidů z mikrostruktury a promícháním materiálu substrátu a původního nástřiku. Adheze nástřiků v as sprayed stavu byla kvantifikována. V případě nástřiků modifikovaných elektronovým paprskem přesná kvantifikace nebyla možná, z důvodu předčasného porušení na rozhraní nástřik-adhezivní pojivo během adhezních testů.

The thesis is concerned with clients’ perspective towards large engineering consultancies. Thecore aim of this work is to understand what client evaluates when trying to define how engineering consultancies are different from each other. To understand this area, theories of marketing and branding in professional service industry will be analyzed. Further interviews with both clients and consultants were held and based on empirical findings and theoretical perspective, conclusions are drawn.

The master thesis is dealing with characterization of the structure and properties of the YSZ thermal barrier coating deposited by water hybrid plasma spray technology on the CoNiCrAlY bond coats modified by using electron beam and vacuum annealing. Deposition of the bond coats was performed via high velocity oxy-fuel technology and cold spray. In case of experimental evaluation, the microstructure and chemical composition of the ceramic top coat deposited with powder and suspension feedstock was analyzed. The same analysis procedure was used also for bond coats after electron beam remelting by using two sets of parameters. Furthermore, the changes in microstructure and chemical composition of the remelted and annealed bond coats was evaluated. Eventually, the micromechanical properties of the top coats and the bond coats were measured. The ceramic top coats deposited with powder feedstock exhibited the structure composed by splats, while the top coats deposited in form of suspension showed fine structure with columnar grains. The dendritic structure was observed on remelted bond coats. The annealing process had an influence on the structure in form of coarsened phases and the chemical composition was changed due to diffusion of the elements.

>Magister Scientiae - MSc / The study focusses on the transport sector, where company participation level is measured at approximately 20% of levy paying enterprises, and this level is mostly based on relatively high levels of participation from large and medium sized companies. The study explores the relationship between SETAs (sector education training authorities) and the companies within the sectors they are mandated to serve by researching the TETA maritime sub sector. The research focus is on small companies and the focus is specifically on the low rate of participation of smaller entities in the skills development landscape. The consequences of the lack of participation are investigated and the study concludes that the SETAs ability to effectively research its sector skills, as well as the SETAs ability to provide effective skills planning in support of the national agenda, are both negatively affected by current levels of poor participation. The research was conducted on small fishing companies registered with the Transport Education and Training Authority (TETA), in order to determine the reasons for low participation in the government mandatory grant scheme. The research is survey based across participating small companies and non-participating small companies.