Stuttgart, FH, Diplomarb., 1999.

It was usual that museums built up their won Web sites nowadays. However, building Web sites didn¡¦t mean that museums used Internet to support museums¡¦ operation. In researcher¡¦s opinion, using Internet services had become an indivisible part of modern life. Since researches on private museums was less than those on famous and public museums, this study used the ICDT model ¡]four virtual space, included information, communication, distribution, and transaction¡^and the Content Analysis to point out the dimension and the level of digitalization of 97 museum Web sites. This study result could be used to suggest museum operating Web sites and providing e-services in an excellent way. The study result included the following guidelines: 1¡EThe information-and-commerce-based Web sites presented more consistency than those of information-based Web sites. The information-and-commerce-based Web sites also presented higher level of digitalization. 2¡EThe museum Web sites should provide information of abundance and depth, use multiple online communication functions, develop Internet as a new distribution, and pay more attention to the security of transaction and individual¡¦s privacy. 3¡EThe problem of digitalization of private museums was the unclear idea of digitalization and Web site, as well as the unrealized needs of museums and Internet users. In suggestion, the museum should find out attributes that differed from the others, and set up the Web site¡¦s main notion according to museum mission. Further more, to match museum¡¦s needs and user¡¦s needs, so as to seek for corporation of other business and resources. Finally, to keep well maintenance and evaluation of Web sites.

Prof. J.A. Bennett

<p>The popularity of personal computers and recent advances in Internet technology has provided companies with a new medium for selling their products and increasing their customer base. Due to the influx and acceptance of these new possibilities for both users and businesses, all the more organizations are choosing to exploit electronic commerce. This concept is nothing new or novel, but over the years recent development in the domain of e-commerce has increased tremendously and it has become more commonplace and viable as a solution for customers to easily and effectively shop for products and services. One reason for users not to do an online purchase is feelings of uncertainty and dependency on the unknown, but more importantly a lack of trust for the vendor and the technology involved in the transaction. The focus of this report is on aspects of user trust in business-to-consumer e-commerce and how specific factors of e-commerce, i.e., usability, web site design, security, transference and privacy, influence user trust in e-businesses.</p><p>Eleven respondents who had some experience in e-commerce purchases were interviewed using open-ended questions to find out how they perceived trust in general and how certain factors influence their perception of trust in e-commerce. The results of this study show that usability, web site design, security, and transference and privacy, directly influence user trust in e-businesses since these factors lie closest to the user and are deciding factors for the users and influence their decisions regarding transactions in e-commerce. These results can be of importance for vendors since they show how the customers perceive trust and which factors can directly influence their trust in a vendor and their experience with e-commerce and that the factors can play a deciding role on whether or not a customer will make a purchase.</p>

The popularity of personal computers and recent advances in Internet technology has provided companies with a new medium for selling their products and increasing their customer base. Due to the influx and acceptance of these new possibilities for both users and businesses, all the more organizations are choosing to exploit electronic commerce. This concept is nothing new or novel, but over the years recent development in the domain of e-commerce has increased tremendously and it has become more commonplace and viable as a solution for customers to easily and effectively shop for products and services. One reason for users not to do an online purchase is feelings of uncertainty and dependency on the unknown, but more importantly a lack of trust for the vendor and the technology involved in the transaction. The focus of this report is on aspects of user trust in business-to-consumer e-commerce and how specific factors of e-commerce, i.e., usability, web site design, security, transference and privacy, influence user trust in e-businesses. Eleven respondents who had some experience in e-commerce purchases were interviewed using open-ended questions to find out how they perceived trust in general and how certain factors influence their perception of trust in e-commerce. The results of this study show that usability, web site design, security, and transference and privacy, directly influence user trust in e-businesses since these factors lie closest to the user and are deciding factors for the users and influence their decisions regarding transactions in e-commerce. These results can be of importance for vendors since they show how the customers perceive trust and which factors can directly influence their trust in a vendor and their experience with e-commerce and that the factors can play a deciding role on whether or not a customer will make a purchase.

Orientador: Maria Cecilia Calani Baranauskas / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T11:08:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santana_VagnerFigueredode_M.pdf: 2835539 bytes, checksum: 149ac7bb2551364be7b8fa6426decaad (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: A Web conta com dezenas de milhões de websites, mas poucos deles estão em conformidade com requisitos simples de acessibilidade, como utilizar tamanhos relativos ou descrever elementos gráficos, o que pode indicar problemas de design de Interface de Usuário (IU). Para se identificar este tipo de problema utiliza-se avaliação do código de websites. No entanto, outros problemas surgem apenas durante a interação do usuário com a IU. Sem considerar dados resultantes do uso, problemas de usabilidade e/ou barreiras de acessibilidade podem permanecer desconhecidos. Portanto, identificar como usuários interagem com IUs e uma forma de detectar problemas de design e descobrir maneiras de utilização diferentes das previstas durante o projeto de IU. Entre as maneiras de capturar a interação do usuário com IUs estão a utilização de vídeos, captura dos movimentos dos olhos do usuário, etc. Na Web, alguns métodos são menos indicados que outros devido à necessidade de utilização de componentes específicos de hardware e/ou software, o que pode reduzir a participação do publico alvo e reduzir a representatividade de uma avaliação. Para se conhecer como usuários utilizam a IU na Web, e possível utilizar logs capturados no lado do servidor e no lado do cliente. Este ultimo e o que possibilita a obtenção de mais detalhes e, consequentemente, reconstrução das ações do usuário em maior granularidade do que apenas identificar quais paginas o usuário visitou. Assim, pequenas diferenças durante a interação podem ser identificadas e, consequentemente, auxiliar especialistas na identificação de padrões de utilização e possíveis problemas de design. Dado o volume de dados resultante da captura de eventos no lado do cliente, a utilização de ferramentas automáticas se faz necessária, seja para captura ou para extração de informações dos logs. Este trabalho apresenta requisitos para ferramentas de avaliação de websites baseadas em logs de eventos. Ainda, com base nestes requisitos, define um modelo de captura assíncrona de eventos para auxiliar desenvolvedores de ferramentas de avaliação de websites. Assim, requisitos e modelo de captura constituem um ponto de partida para desenvolvedores que desejam capturar logs de eventos disparados no dispositivo utilizado pelo cliente, apoiando a captura de dados de utilização real. Outra contribuição apresentada é a especificação de um modelo para identificar padrões de utilização da Web mediada por tecnologias assistivas. A implementação deste modelo demonstra a viabilidade de se capturar dados durante a utilização real, envolvendo usuários de tecnologias assistivas, em seus ambientes cotidianos de utilização da Web. Um grafo de utilização resulta desse modelo. Ele é composto por fluxos de uso e caminhos mais comuns de uma pagina avaliada, assim como representações visuais de diferenças significativas nesses fluxos. O modelo também propõe uma técnica de como indicar possíveis problemas de design nas paginas Web avaliadas, auxiliando na tarefa de avaliar websites, tendo como foco principal a identificação de padrões de utilização de usuários de tecnologias assistivas. / Abstract: The Web has millions of websites, but few of them are in accordance with simple accessibility requirements such as the use of relative sizes or description of graphic elements, that can represent User Interface (UI) design problems. To identify this kind of problem the data source usually used is the Web page's code. However, other problems may appear only when the user interacts with the UI. Moreover, without considering usage data, usability problems and/or accessibility barriers can stay unknown. Thus, identifying how users interact with UIs is a way of detecting design problems and discovering uses different from the ones defined during the UI Project phase. There are different approaches to capturing user interaction with UIs as video capture, users' eyes movements, etc. In the Web, some methods are less appropriated than others due to the need for using specific components of hardware and/or software, which can reduce the participation of the target audience and reduce how meaningful an evaluation is. To know how users use the UI in the Web, it is possible to use logs captured at serverside and at client-side. The data that can be captured at client-side allows obtaining more details and, consequently, rebuild user's actions in a greater granularity than the identification of the pages that a user had visited. Then, small differences during the interaction can be identified and may help specialists in the task of identifying usage patterns and possible design problems. Due to the amount of data resulted from the event capture at client-side, the use of automatic tools became necessary for the capture or the extraction of information from logs. This work presents requirements for website evaluation tools based on event logs. In addition, according to these requirements, defines an asynchronous event capture model to help developers of website evaluation tools. Therefore, requirements and capture model represent a starting point for projects involving the development of tools to capture event logs triggered at client's device, supporting the data capture during real use. Other contribution is the specification of a model to identify patterns of Web usage mediated by assistive technologies. The development of this model shows the viability of capturing data during real use, involving assistive technology users, in their common use environment. A usage graph results from the model. It is constituted by usage flows and common walks of an evaluated Web page, as well as the visual representation of significant differences in these flows. The model also proposes a technique for identifying possible design problems in evaluated Web pages, helping in the task of evaluating Web pages, aiming at the identification of usage patterns of assistive technology users. / Mestrado / Avaliação de interfaces de usuario / Mestre em Ciência da Computação

Orientador: Maria Cecilia Calani Baranauskas / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T22:59:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Melo_AmandaMeincke_D.pdf: 12878449 bytes, checksum: 4dab13a2aea5524c8fb969380e33374c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Acessibilidade é um requisito contemporâneo à qualidade no uso de sistemas interativos. O World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), há anos, fomenta discussões em torno do conceito de acessibilidade e propõe recomendações para a criação de conteúdo web-acessível, de ferramentas de autoria e de navegadores que promovam a acessibilidade do conteúdo da web. Embora as recomendações de acessibilidade do W3C sejam necessárias ao conhecimento de design acessível na web, entendemos também ser essencial promover o desenvolvimento de soluções sóciotécnicas com participação do usuário final no processo de design, incluindo pessoas com deficiência, e abordar o reconhecimento e respeito às diferenças na educação de designers. Existem métodos, técnicas, recomendações, tecnologias e ferramentas para apoiar o design e a avaliação de páginas web que sejam acessíveis aos seus usuários; entretanto, não encontramos na literatura processos de design de sistemas de informação na web que considerem amplamente e abordem explicitamente as diferenças entre as pessoas e as atividades que realizam em ambientes sociais inclusivos. Torna-se cada vez mais necessário criar estratégias para abordar inclusão e acessibilidade tanto no produto de software quanto em seu processo de design. As diferenças físicas, sensoriais e cognitivas do usuário, entre outras, também precisam ser reconhecidas e consideradas no processo de design para que se consiga configurar ambientes nos quais a participação das partes interessadas seja genuína. O objetivo central desta pesquisa é investigar e propor mecanismos para o design de sistemas web que atendam às demandas atuais de configuração de uma sociedade mais flexível e aberta às diferenças, denominada sociedade inclusiva. Também é objetivo investigar e compreender como a Semiótica Organizacional e o Design Participativo, juntos, podem agregar valor ao design de sistemas de informação adequados aos interesses e às necessidades de uma sociedade inclusiva. Do ponto de vista conceitual, as principais contribuições desta tese envolvem a proposição de princípios relacionados ao design inclusivo de sistemas de informação na web e de técnicas de design participativo, alinhadas a esses princípios. Do ponto de vista prático, são contribuições as transformações decorrentes do estudo de casos nos respectivos contextos, a organização, a divulgação e a disseminação de boas práticas em design inclusivo para a web / Abstract: Accessibility is a contemporary requirement to the quality in use of interactive systems. The World Wide Web Consortium has been fomenting discussions regarding accessibility, and proposes guidelines to the development of web-accessible content, authoring tools and user agents that promotes accessibility on the web content. Although the W3C accessibility guidelines are necessary to enhance the knowledge about web accessible design, it is also essential to promote the development of socio-technical solutions with the end user participation during the overall design process, including people with disability, and approach acknowledge and respect the differences in the designers¿ education. There are methods, techniques, guidelines, technologies and tools to support the design and evaluation of web pages accessible to their users; nevertheless, we didn¿t find in literature web information systems design process which widely considers and explicitly deals with the differences among people and their activities in inclusive social environments. It is more and more necessary to create strategies to approach inclusion and accessibility in both software product and design process. The physical, sensorial and cognitive differences of users, among others, shall also be acknowledge and considered in the design process to configure environments in which the stakeholders¿ participation is genuine. This research aims at investigating and proposing mechanisms to the design of web systems which respond to the contemporary demands in configuring a more flexible society, open to the differences, known as an inclusive society. It is also an objective to investigate and understand how Organizational Semiotic and Participatory Design, together, aggregate value to the design of information systems adequate to the interests and the needs of an inclusive society. From the conceptual perspective, the main contributions of this thesis are the proposition of principles related to the design of inclusive web information systems, and some participatory design techniques aligned to these principles. From the practical perspective, the changes resulted from the cases studied in each context, as well as the organization, the publication and dissemination of best practices in inclusive design for the web / Doutorado / Metodologia e Tecnicas da Computação / Doutor em Ciência da Computação

Full Tenis Perú nace en la Universidad de Lima en el curso de Proyecto de Especialidad el cual les permite a los alumnos llevar a cabo algún proyecto que tengan en mente, además de asesoramiento en el proceso a realizar. Nos dimos cuenta que la situación del tenis necesitaba apoyo. La idea nace con el propósito de crear una web integral ya que existía la carencia de una plataforma que esté al alcance de todos y sea completa; que incluya contenido tanto de tenis nacional como internacional, que brinde todo tipo de consejos relacionados a este deporte, información sobre academias nacionales y, sobre todo, que reconozca a los tenistas más destacados para así brindarles apoyo, darles valor y de cierta manera promover este deporte. / Trabajo de suficiencia profesional

Baigiamajame magistro darbe nagrinėjamos internetinių aukcionų pritaikymo galimybės tarptautinei prekybai dailės kūriniais. Nagrinėjami pagrindiniai teoriniai principai, kuriais remiantis nustatomos internetinių aukcionų pritaikymo galimybės tarptautinei prekybai dailės kūriniais: dailės kūrinių specifika, teikiama nauda, rinkos dalyviai, internetinių aukcionų sistemos ypatumai, interneto tinklalapio elementų ir kultūrinių skirtumų įtaka tarptautinei prekybai. Pateiktas internetinių aukcionų efektyvumo ir pritaikymo tarptautinei rinkai vertinimo klausimynas, atlikta lyginamoji analizė Lietuvoje ir užsienyje plėtojamų internetinių aukcionų bei internetinių aukcionų pritaikymo tarptautinei prekybai dailės kūriniais perspektyvų analizė. Atsižvelgiant į literatūros šaltinių, statistikos analizę ir atliktus tyrimus, parengiami strateginiai sprendimai, skirti internetiniams aukcionams pritaikyti tarptautinei prekybai dailės kūriniais. Darbo pabaigoje pateikiamos apibendrinamos išvados ir pasiūlymai. / The final master thesis deals with online auction application possibilities of international trade in art works. To the main theoretical principles used to define online auctions range of possibilities of international trade in art works: the specificity of works of art, benefits, market participants, on-line auction system features, web site elements and cultural differences on international trade. There is submitted on-line auction efficiency and adaptation to international market assessment questionnaire, performed a comparative analysis of Lithuania and abroad evolving online auctions and a prospective analysis of online auctions for the international trade in art works. Then, using literary sources, statistical analysis and studies, strategic solutions is being presented, which would improve the online auctions possibilities and orientation of the international trade in art works. Finally the conclusions and suggestions are proposed.

Orientador: Hans Kurt Edmund Liesenberg / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T09:42:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bueno_GrazieleAthanasio_M.pdf: 3564814 bytes, checksum: a0e18fae6577f1306578b7e5a6601454 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: A área da Ciência da Computação denominada Interação Humano-Computador (IHC) tem evoluído tecnologicamente ao longo dos anos e as mudanças podem ser vistas nas interfaces e nas formas de interação entre as pessoas e as aplicações. Ao mesmo tempo, o conceito de padrões de projeto passou a ser utilizado no projeto da interação entre o ser humano e o computador, como uma forma de documentar a experiência e o conhecimento na construção de interfaces de usuário, orientando a criação de novas aplicações. Diante deste cenário de mudanças nas tecnologias da Computação e do uso crescente dos padrões de projeto em IHC, é apresentado, nesta dissertação, um estudo sobre como as mudanças tecnológicas podem impactar o ciclo de vida dos padrões de projeto da interação, considerando especificamente o contexto da Web para desktop. Com base na análise dos padrões e das tecnologias, é apresentada uma proposta de alteração de uma classificação de padrões existente para que ela passe a considerar a questão da dependência destes em relação à tecnologia / Abstract: The area of Computer Science known as Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) has evolved technologically over the years and changes can be seen in the interfaces and ways of interaction between people and applications. At the same time, the concept of design patterns has been used in the construction of interaction between human beings and computers, as a way to document experience and knowledge of building user interfaces in order to guide the development of new applications. In the light of the scenario of changes in Computing technologies and the increasing use of design patterns in HCI, this dissertation presents a study of how technological changes can impact the life cycle of interaction design patterns, considering specifically the context of the Web for desktop. Based on the analysis of patterns and technologies, this study proposes a change in an existing pattern classification that takes into account the relation between these patterns and technology / Mestrado / Ciência da Computação / Mestre em Ciência da Computação