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Class of 2013 Abstract / Specific Aims: To determine the effectiveness of exenatide twice daily (ExBID) versus exentatide once weekly (ExQW) on weight loss in type II diabetes. Methods: This study was a meta-analysis. The studies used came from the PubMed database and Cochrane Reviews. To be included in the meta-analysis, studies must have been randomized controlled trials comparing ExBID to ExQW or drug to placebo. The studies that reported weight loss and/or HbA1C were included. Studies that included participants <18 years of age or compared only one dose of exenatide with other anti-diabetic medication without comparing to placebo were excluded. There were 13 studies that met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The primary outcome was weight loss, and the secondary outcome was HbA1C levels. Meta-analysis was used to synthesize data. Main Results: The difference between ExQW and ExBID on weight loss was not statistically significant (standardized mean difference (SMD) = -0.71, CI -0.84 to -0.58 in ExQW vs SMD = 0.82, CI -1.02 to -0.62 in ExBID; p =0.36). The effect of ExQW on A1C was significantly larger than ExBID (SMD = -1.69 vs -1.07 respectively; p < 0.01). The variability was very high in the ExBID group (69% - 81%) compared to ExQW group (0%). Kendall’s tau was significant (p= 0.01) indicating that there may be publication bias. Conclusion: There is no difference in effect of weight loss between ExQW and ExBID group. Both dosages significantly improve A1C; however, ExBID has larger impact on A1C compared to ExBID.

The main objective of this paper is to equip the trade policy analyst with an appropriate method of seasonally adjusting trade data with weekly observations. To that end, a structural time series model containing a trend, seasonal and irregular component is specified. The seasonal component is represented by a time-varying periodic spline. Casting the model in state-space form enables time-varying parameters as well as use of the powerful Kalman filter for trend estimation. The resulting trend can then be interpreted as a seasonally adjusted series. A simulation exercise shows that the correct trend is identified with an average absolute error of 0.4 percent. An application to Swedish imports during 2017-2021 shows that the model produces a reasonable trend estimate when applied in 'real-time' and that its application is preferred to smoothing the series using a simple moving average.

Gullies are significant contributors of sediment to streams in the southeastern USA. This study investigated gully erosion in the clay-rich soils of east Tennessee under a humid subtropical climate. The aims of this study were to (1) estimate long-term erosion rates for different gully geomorphic settings, (2) compare patterns of erosion for the different settings, and (3) model the response of gully erosion to freeze-thaw events. Erosion was measured weekly from June 2012 to August 2018 using 105 erosion pins distributed in gully channels, interfluves, and sidewalls. Erosion rates were estimated from average slopes of lines of best fit of pin lengths versus time. Maximum and minimum temperature was calculated daily using an on-site weather station and freeze-thaw events were identified. Gully erosion was modeled using antecedent freeze-thaw activity for the three geomorphic settings. Long-term erosion rates in channels, interfluves, and sidewalls were 2.5 mm/year, 20 mm/year, and 21 mm/year, respectively; however, week-by-week erosion was statistically different between the three settings, indicating different erosive drivers. Models of erosion with lagged freeze-thaw variables explained up to 34.8% of the variability in erosion variables; sidewall erosion was most highly related to freeze-thaw activity. Freeze-thaw in prior weeks was an important variable in all erosion models.

A study was conducted to determine the effects of directed discovery-based teaching methods (hands-on learning) and weekly quizzes on short-term learning and long-term retention of course material in an introductory geosciences laboratory course. Assessment of learning was accomplished using percentages of correct responses to questions on two tests, using percentages from the first semester of the study as a baseline to which data from each subsequent semester were compared to determine the effects of the study variable that was introduced. Student evaluations of value, meaning, and enjoyment of the course were also investigated through the use of an essay question at the end of the second test. The study revealed that directed discovery-based methods were successful for the teaching of some subject material, but not for all, and that the method did not necessarily enhance learning of scientific vocabulary. Weekly quizzes resulted in improved learning in all subject areas. Simultaneous use of traditional and directed-discovery teaching methods as well as weekly quizzes is recommended.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:17:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Paula Azarias da Fonseca.pdf: 4614902 bytes, checksum: 32cf80d88b14ba3becee10dbb4f8f742 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-09 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This study analyzes the cover stories of Veja, a Brazilian weekly magazine, that focus on education . The corpus includes cover articles on education published between 1968-2006. The articles were divided into three thematic axes: school, family and brain/intelligence. This, however, was a methodological division as the axes are intertwined. Our analysis focused on the discursive constructions and strategies for production of meaning adopted by the enunciator when proposing communicative contracts to the reader. The conclusion of the analysis is that one must know to be able to tell one what to do . We analyzed similar thematic axes in different periods which allowed the contextualization of the articles relative to their respective social, political and historical scenarios. The study also analyzed the instruments and mechanisms employed by the enunciator to persuade the reader on what to do[CN1] , which is presented by the magazine in the form of modalizing primers//booklets//statements[CN2] . The study was based on the theories of discourse of Fiorin & Barros, Prado, Braga & Calazans, Mira, Scalzo and Germano among others. The basic analysis of the corpus was carried out based on discursive semiotics. The debate proposed by this study about education in the media aims to contribute to clarify issues arising from the intertwining of the fields of education and communication, as stated by Morin, which is only possible through the mediation and circulation of symbolic capital / Esta pesquisa examina as reportagens de capa da revista Veja que tematizam a educação . O corpus compreende as matérias de capa do período 1968-2006 sobre esse tema. Categorizamos as reportagens em três grandes eixos temáticos: escola; família; cérebro/inteligência. Tal divisão é de ordem metodológica, havendo, pois, imbricação de eixos. Nosso exame concentrou-se nas construções discursivas e estratégias de produção de sentido adotadas pelo enunciador ao propor contratos comunicativos ao enunciatário, que segundo concluímos deve-saber para poder dizer-o-que-fazer . Examinamos eixos temáticos afins em seus diferentes períodos, contextualizando, desta forma, as reportagens em seus respectivos cenários histórico-político-sociais. Investigamos instrumentos e mecanismos empregados pelo enunciador para persuadir o leitor-enunciatário do dever-fazer que a revista apresenta sob a forma de cartilhas modalizadoras; para tanto nos apoiamos em teorias do discurso de Fiorin e Barros, Prado, Braga & Calazans, Mira, Scalzo, Germano entre tantos outros. O exame básico do corpus foi feito com base na semiótica discursiva. Esta pesquisa, ao propor o debate sobre educação na mídia, tenta contribuir para elucidar as questões oriundas da imbricação dos campos da educação e da comunicação. Acreditamos que as mídias têm papel fundamental no remembramento da educação, de que fala Morin, e este só será possível através das mediações e da circulação do capital simbólico

UNIVERZITA KARLOVA V PRAZE FAKULTA SOCIÁLNÍCH VĚD Institut komunikačních studií a žurnalistiky Katedra mediálních studií Tomáš Holý Československo a Česká republika na stránkách týdeníku L'Express Diplomová práce Praha 2013 Autor práce: Tomáš Holý Vedoucí práce: Doc. PhDr. Barbara Köpplová, CSc. Rok obhajoby: 2013 Bibliografický záznam HOLÝ, Tomáš. Československo a Česká republika na stránkách týdeníku L'Express. Praha, 2012. 79 s. Diplomová práce (Mgr.) Univerzita Karlova, Fakulta sociálních věd, Institut komunikačních studií a žurnalistiky. Katedra mediálních studií. Vedoucí diplomové práce Doc. PhDr. Barbara Köpplová, CSc. Abstrakt Čtení o Československu a následně České republice ze stránek týdeníku L'Express v druhé polovině dvacátého století a začátkem nového tisíciletí nabízí pohled nejen na výrazné mezníky v tuzemských a evropských dějinách, ale zároveň ukazuje proměnu novinářské práce a rutiny. Práce se snaží zachytit odraz doby v průběhu let. Jedná se zejména o francouzský pohled na nejdůležitější události Československa a následně České republiky, tedy zejména rok 1968 (období Pražského jara a následný vpád vojsk Varšavské smlouvy) a následně rok 1989 (Sametová revoluce). Z novodobých událostí byl vybrán vstup ČR do Evropské unie, menší část práce se rovněž zabývá kulturním děním a pohledem na...

The Project for the New American Century (PNAC) was a neoconservative Washington, D.C. foreign policy think tank, comprised of seasoned foreign policy stalwarts who had served multiple presidential administrations as well as outside-the-beltway defense contractors, that was founded in 1997 by William Kristol, editor of the conservative political magazine The Weekly Standard, and Robert Kagan, a foreign policy analyst and political commentator currently at the Brookings Institution. The PNAC would shut down its operations in 2006. Using The Weekly Standard as its mouthpiece, the PNAC helped foment support for the removal of Iraqi president Saddam Hussein beginning in 1998, citing Iraq’s noncooperation with UN weapons inspections. The PNAC became further emboldened in its urgency and rhetoric to quell the geopolitical risk posed by Hussein after the 9/11 terror attacks. The only justifiable response the George W. Bush Administration could play in thwarting Hussein, the PNAC argued, involved a military action. Keywords: The Project for the New American Century; Iraq War; Saddam Hussein; The Weekly Standard; The Vulcans; weapons of mass destruction

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T18:24:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 27 / Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos / Este trabalho trata dos jornais Semanário de Informação Política (Ijuí, outubro de 1975 a abril de 1976) e Jornal Informação (Porto Alegre, julho de 1976 a janeiro de 1977) como componentes de um caso de imprensa alternativa, alinhado à resistência à ditadura. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida com base na análise interpretativa das 22 edições de Semanário de Informação Política e 23 edições de Jornal Informação, além da realização de entrevistas com pessoas que atuaram no financiamento, produção, discussão e distribuição dos jornais. A partir de comparações, verificação de singularidades e características gerais dos jornais, e de uma leitura orientada pelos referenciais teóricos utilizados, construiu-se o argumento de que a imprensa alternativa, apesar do vínculo estreito com o campo da política, contribui para a construção da autonomia do campo do jornalismo / This thesis deals with two Journals: Political Information Weekly (Semanário de Informação Política (Ijuí, October, 1975 – April, 1976)and Information Journal (Jornal Informação (Porto Alegre, July, 1976 – January, 1977), as components of one case of alternative press, aligned with the resistance to the dictatorship. The investigation was carried out based on the interpretive analysis of 22 issues of the Semanário de Informação Política and 23 issues of Jornal Informação, as well as through interviews with people that worked in the financing, production, discussion and distribution of the two weeklies. Through comparisons, verification of singularities and general characteristics, and an analysis oriented by the theoretic references utilized, the argument was constructed that the alternative press, although with strong connections to the political arena, contributed to the affirmation in the mediatic realm