The aim of this study was to determine whether there is an influence of the active components of the fish oil, in particular polyunsaturated fatty acids n3 (PUFA n3) on expression of selected proteins which modulate the inflammatory response in model organisms pig. In the n3 PUFA is to assume that over signaling pathway PPARgamma, NFkappaB, increase adiponectin production, inhibit the production of proinflammatory cytokines, increase antiinflammatory cytokines production, thereby suppressing the inflammatory response in the body. This hypothesis was tested on 32 pigs, which were divided into two groups of 16 pieces in each group. The first experimental group was fed the basic feed mixture enriched with 2.5% fish oil (F) and the second control group was fed the basic feed with 2.5% palm oil (P). Last day of fattening pigs were 8 F and 8 P pigs intravenously application lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce an inflammatory response, the rest of group left without LPS stimulation, followed by intramuscular application of anesthetics and defeat. By Western blot was measured protein expression PPARgamma and NFkappaB in selected tissues, by ELISA concentration of adiponectin in plasma and by multiplex analysis plasma levels of cytokines. The results indicate that PPARgamma concentration in the F adipocytes after LPS stimulation tended to increase by 21% in comparison with P control stimulation with LPS, but the result was not statistically significant (P> 0.05; P = 0.11). Further, the F pigs stimulation with LPS as compared with intact F counterparts trend toward increased plasma levels of adiponectin by 18%, which was likely a reflection of the tendency to higher values in adipocytes by 18% (P> 0.05, p = 0.12), result was not statistically significant. Plasma adiponectin took on the same values of 21.1 ng x mL-1 in experimental and control groups (P> 0.05). Elevation (P <0.05) of NFkappaB in fatty tissue F pigs after LPS stimulation. In addition, the plasma level of anti-inflammatory IL4 and IL10 interleukins, as well as the proinflammatory cytokine TNFalfa, was increased (P <0.05) in the F group of pigs stimulated with LPS. The results of the present experiment are thus ambiguous. The hypothesis of the effect of fish oil or n3 PUFA to suppress the inflammatory response cannot this experiment conclusively confirmed.

Submitted by Hiolanda Rêgo (hiolandarego@gmail.com) on 2016-12-22T15:43:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_ICS_Lia Muniz Barretto Fernandes.pdf: 1185581 bytes, checksum: a574788d65eeda6abbf9b9ce1dcc5ee9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-22T15:43:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_ICS_Lia Muniz Barretto Fernandes.pdf: 1185581 bytes, checksum: a574788d65eeda6abbf9b9ce1dcc5ee9 (MD5) / Doença de Newcastle é uma enfermidade viral aguda, altamente contagiosa, que acomete aves de várias espécies, considerada como uma das doenças mais importantes para a indústria avícola moderna. Ferramentas para diagnóstico e controle estão disponíveis para galinhas, porém ainda não foram desenvolvidos testes específicos para avestruzes. O presente trabalho visou padronizar testes sorológicos para a detecção de anticorpos contra a Doença de Newcastle em avestruzes e avaliar a situação soroepidemiológica de plantéis do estado da Bahia e de São Paulo. A padronização da técnica da Inibição da Hemaglutinação revelou interferência do tipo de eritrócito utilizado e demonstrou a necessidade do uso de hemácias da mesma espécie ou, alternativamente, de perus. Testes de ELISA indiretos foram desenvolvidos ou modificados para a utilização nesta espécie e, apesar de apresentarem alta correlação entre si, demonstraram baixa correlação com a HI. Foram desenvolvidos ainda os testes “western blot” e “dotblot”, que podem auxiliar na avaliação da resposta imune e facilitar a implantação de programas de controle. As amostras séricas analisadas revelaram a presença de anticorpos e, a ausência de vacinação dos animais avaliados, reforça a hipótese de que as avestruzes estão em contato com o vírus vacinal ou vírus de campo.

This thesis focuses on humoral immune response of specific hosts to antigens of various developmental stages of bird schistosomes T. regenti and T. szidati, and follows up on previous research of antibody response in non-specific hosts (mouse, human). Sera of experimentally infected and hunted-down wild ducks were examined using the ELISA and western blot methods. The sera samples were taken in predefined intervals. Results of the ELISA analysis show the process of humoral immune response after infection by bird schistosomes. The level of specific antibodies IgY against homogenate of T. regenti cercariae increased significantly 20 d.p.i. in ducks infected by T. regenti. Such reaction wasn't observed in ducks infected by T. szidati. Slight changes in level of specific antibodies IgM against T. szidati cercariae homogenate were observed 10 d.p.i. only in fully immunocompetent ducks and in reinfected ducks. Examination of hunted-down wild ducks didn't prove infection by bird schisosomes; this conclusion was confirmed by results of the ELISA analysis. IgY antibodies from ducks infected by T. regenti demonstrated strong reactions with 2 antigens in ranges 49-47 kDa and 47-45 kDa. Other reactions, which were recognized, have not been observed in all specimen. An Western blott with homogenate from 7 days...