This study sought to determine students’ satisfaction with technology, particularly Wi-Fi, and how it may impact retention at one university in the southeast. Differences in satisfaction were analyzed for students who planned to stay versus those who planned to leave, transfer versus native students, and for students of various ages, genders, races, and classifications. Analyses were done to examine the data quantitatively. Significant differences were found between the perceptions of satisfaction with Wi-Fi internet services of native students and transfer student in several categories. Most of the students examined in this study (88.0%) planned to return to the same school with approximately 12.0% of students indicating that they did not plan to return to the same school. The students also provided the reasons for their unwillingness to return to this school. The reasons provided by the students were personal finances, location, family reasons, issues with faculty, staff, or student, tuition cost, graduated, feeling of loneliness, COVID-19, internship, personal problems, decided to transfer, needed a break, and the fact that they did not like the school. Technology is a major factor in the academic structure as faculty, staff, and students rely heavily on technology. Investing in stable Internet/Wi-Fi in the classroom and offices can support enrollment and retention. Retention of students is considered one of the greatest weaknesses in distance education. Retention is a function of collaboration of institutional, personal, and social factors. Retention is a major factor when measuring an institution’s accountability, effectiveness, and quality. Overall, students were very satisfied with the quality of Wi-Fi on campus, and no differences in satisfaction were found between students who planned to return and those who did not. Transfer students were more satisfied with W-Fi on campus than were native students. Satisfaction with Wi-Fi on campus was higher for older students, female students, and graduate students. There were no differences in satisfaction with Wi-Fi on campus for students based on race.

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Dans cette thèse nous étudions la problématique de l'association dans les réseaux Wi-Fi. Nous proposons des solutions qui permettent à un contrôleur d'optimiser et de gérer d'une manière centralisée les opérations d'association et de réassociation. L'association est exprimée sous forme de problèmes d'optimisations combinatoires. Les modèles proposés tiennent compte des interférences entre les APs et sont conformes avec la méthode d'accès DCF du standard IEEE 802.11. Dans le premier modèle proposé nous avons considéré le cas d'un réseau saturé dans lequel on suppose que chaque AP dispose en permanence de trames à transmettre. Dans ce modèle, nous avons supposé que toutes les stations d'un même AP ont des chances de transmission équivalentes autrement dit le même nombre d'accès au medium. La fonction objectif proposée offre un bon compromis entre l'amélioration du débit des stations et l'équité. Les résultats numériques obtenus sur des simulations réalistes ont montré l'efficacité de cette solution et présentent une amélioration significative des performances du WLAN par rapport à une association basée sur la valeur du RSSI ou par rapport aux approches existantes. Par la suite, étant donné que l'hypothèse d'un réseau tout le temps saturé n'est pas très réaliste, nous avons proposé une solution qui s'appuie sur des mesures réelles telles que les demandes de débit des stations et les taux d'erreur. Notre solution cherche à équilibrer la charge entre les APs. Plus précisément, nous cherchons à diminuer la charge de l'AP le plus chargé dans le WLAN. Pour évaluer cette charge, nous avons proposé un modèle mathématique qui permet d'estimer le BTF « Busy Time Fraction » d'un AP dans n'importe quelle configuration (schéma d'association). Ce modèle est basé sur un réseau de Markov. Le modèle associé au problème d'optimisation permet de proposer la meilleure association. L'évaluation de cette solution par simulation a montré à quel point notre estimation du BTF est précise, et a aussi montré sa capacité à équilibrer la charge entre les APs et à satisfaire la demande en débit des stations. Pour généraliser cette solution aux nouvelles versions du standard IEEE 802.11 comme 802.11n/ac, nous avons adapté le modèle d'estimation du BTF pour qu'il tienne compte des nouvelles améliorations apportées par les couches physiques et MAC du Wi-Fi telles que l'agrégation des canaux, l'agrégation des trames et le bloc d'acquittement. Ainsi, nous avons proposé une nouvelle métrique qui permet d'exprimer à la fois le BTF d'un AP et les taux d'agrégation de trames de chacune de ces stations. L'évaluation numérique de cette solution a montré l'avantage de la nouvelle métrique par rapport au BTF pour améliorer le débit des stations et l'équilibrage de charge dans le WLAN. Il est à noter que, pour la résolution des problèmes d'optimisation combinatoire formulés dans cette thèse, nous avons utilisé des heuristiques de recherche locale itérative. Ces heuristiques sont basées sur une même structure de voisinage, mais les procédures de recherches sont différentes selon la fonction objectif de chaque modèle. Ce choix est justifié par l'efficacité de la recherche locale à fournir des solutions acceptables dans un temps raisonnable pour des problèmes d'optimisation combinatoire complexes / In this thesis we study the problem of association in Wi-Fi networks. We propose solutions that allow a controller to optimize and manage in a centralized way the operations of association and reassociation. Association is expressed as combinatorial optimization problems. The proposed models consider interference between APs and are compliant with the DCF access method of the IEEE 802.11 standard. In the first model proposed we considered the case of a saturated network in which it is assumed that each AP permanently has frames to transmit. In this model, we have assumed that all the stations of the same AP have equivalent chances of transmission, ie the same number of accesses to the medium. The proposed objective function offers a good compromise between improving station throughput and equity. The numerical results obtained on realistic simulations have shown the effectiveness of this solution and show a significant improvement in WLAN performance compared to an association based on the value of the RSSI or compared to existing approaches. Subsequently, since the hypothesis of a saturated network all the time is not very realistic, we have proposed a solution that relies on real measurements such as station throughput requests and the error rates. Our solution seeks to balance the load between APs. Specifically, we seek to reduce the load of the most heavily loaded AP in the WLAN. To evaluate this load, we have proposed a mathematical model that allows to estimate the BTF "Busy Time Fraction" of an AP in any configuration (association scheme). This model is based on a Markov network. The model combined with the optimization problem allows to propose the best association. The evaluation of this solution by simulation has shown how accurate our BTF estimation, and has also shown its ability to balance the load between APs and satisfy the station throughput demands. To generalize this solution to the new versions of the IEEE 802.11 standard such as 802.11n/ac, we adapted the BTF estimation model to take into account the new improvements made by Wi-Fi on physical and MAC layers such as channel aggregation, frame aggregation and block acknowledgment. Thus, we have proposed a new metric that allows to express both the BTF of an AP and the frame aggregation rates of each of its stations. The numerical evaluation of this solution showed the advantage of the new metric compared to the BTF to improve the station throughputs and load balancing in the WLAN. It should be noted that, for the resolution of the combinatorial optimization problems formulated in this thesis, we used iterative local search heuristics. These heuristics are based on the same neighborhood structure, but the search procedures are different depending on the objective function of each model. This choice is justified by the effectiveness of local research in providing acceptable solutions in a reasonable time for complex combinatorial optimization problems

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) over WLAN is one of the most important technologies in today’s world of communication. VoIP is simply a way to make phone calls through the internet because of the convergence of voice and data networks enables new applications and cost reductions. Voice over WLAN phones are already being offered to enterprises by leading vendors. Most of internet services or applications require centralized network to communicate, but with Ad-hoc networks there is no such requirement at all. In this report we have established a VoIP session by forming a network between Android mobile devices without using an Access point. Energy consumption is a major problem for VoIP over wireless LAN applications while using them in hand held devices. We investigated the energy consumption characteristics of our Evaluation kit during VoIP session. We further studied about new technology: “Wi-Fi Direct” which allows Wi-Fi equipped devices to share data without using wireless access points.

In the thesis, we propose a dual-mode message delivery system with mechanisms of time constrained paging and multi-class message. The pairing decision depends on the effective pairing time defined by the system when a bluetooth device comes into service range. Within the constrained pairing time, central server can deliver a message to the bluetooth device directly without re-pairing. Otherwise, the bluetooth device has to be paired with an intermediate node before it can receive a message. In addition, we store the number of times that bluetooth devices can move into the service range into a data base in order to send multi-class messages to these bluetooth devices. To demonstrate the proposed schemes, we implement a central server on Linux system and intermediate nodes on Window Mobile platform. We also design control packets associated with their message formats. Control messages can be exchanged between the central server and the intermediate node by the control packets, and data messages can be transmitted in a heterogeneous network, consisting of bluetooth and Wi-Fi. Finally, we measured the time saved without using pairing procedure and also verified that the system can dynamically adjust the classes of messages according to the number of times that bluetooth devices enter to the service range.

<p>Internet Service Providers (ISP) har på senare år etablerat ett ökat antal Wi-Fi Hotspots på publika platser för att erbjuda Internettjänster så som e-post, Web och andra Internet-baserade program, till resande användare. Exempel på dessa platser är flygplatser, skolor, parker och städer. Växjö universitet har valt att bygga etttrådlöst nätverk på campus som man ska påbörja under sommaren 2005. Uppsatsen tar upp detta som fallstudie för diskussion av ämnet.</p> / <p>Lately Internet Service Providers (ISP) have established an increased amount of Wi-Fi Hotspots at public places to offer Internet based services like e-mail, web surfing etc to roaming users. Example of places like this are airports, schools, parks and cities. Växjö University has decided to implement a wireless network covering the university campus. This project is planned to start during summer of 2005. This project is the unicase for discussion in this bachelor thesis</p>

Mobilieji įrenginiai tobulėja ir pateikia vis daugiau galimybių jų vartotojams. Tokie įrenginiai naudojami tiek asmeniniais, tiek darbo tikslais, kas sukelia papildomų saugos grėsmių įmonėms. Esant tokiai situacijai, reikalingos papildomos valdymo priemonės, kurios užtikrintų asmeninių įrenginių saugos konfigūravimą, atitinkantį organizacijos saugos politiką. Organizacijos saugos politika privalo atsižvelgti į dvi pagrindines sritis: organizacijos sistemų saugumą ir mobiliojo įrenginio saugumą. Magistrinio darbo tikslas – išnagrinėti mobiliesiems įrenginiams keliamas grėsmes bei sudaryti mobiliųjų įrenginių saugios konfigūracijos paramos sistemos prototipą. / The mobile industry is evolving rapidly and new mobile devices with sophisticated capabilities are released almost every day. The technical advancements in mobile industry have resulted in increase of security threats and attacks. To provide strong security mechanism a combination of solutions need to be implemented at different levels based on enterprise mobile application security requirements. Enterprise mobile security should ensure two key components: enterprise system security and device security. The aim of this paper is to create secure configuration decision support system prototype for personal devices.

Submitted by Rafael Santana (rafael.silvasantana@ufpe.br) on 2017-08-30T17:07:46Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Antonio_Thesis.pdf: 3530353 bytes, checksum: 0ba09bccbe8eb163cd5b4646977ba882 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-30T17:07:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Antonio_Thesis.pdf: 3530353 bytes, checksum: 0ba09bccbe8eb163cd5b4646977ba882 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-12 / Atualmente as redes locais sem fio (WLANs) em ambientes internos estão presentes na maioria dos prédios públicos. Estas redes, além da sua função principal, podem ser utilizadas para localização de pessoas e objetos, salientando que nestes ambientes não é adequada a utilização do sinal de GPS para esta finalidade. Diversos estudos e pesquisas nesta área têm sido realizados. Serviços baseados na localização interna possuem inúmeras aplicações nas áreas de segurança, médica, monitoramento, navegação, auxílio a deficientes, gerenciamento de pessoas, entre outras e hoje já movimentam um mercado de US$1 Bilhão. Com a proliferação da Internet das Coisas (IoT), estes valores serão ainda maiores. Os sistemas de localização interna utilizam tecnologias como Ultrassom, Infravermelho, RFID, Bluetooth e WLAN, variando conforme a precisão, exatidão, custo, velocidade de resposta, infraestrutura e aplicação. O presente trabalho propõe uma técnica de localização interna que utiliza a intensidade do sinal recebido (RSS — Received Signal Strength) das redes WLAN presentes como medida para localização. Na técnica proposta, é feito inicialmente um mapeamento das intensidades dos sinais da WLANs existentes. Estes valores são classificados através de um Algoritmo de Agrupamento (clustering) e, posteriormente, são aplicados, a cada agrupamento, algoritmos de regressão para o cálculo da localização. Associada a estas técnicas são aplicados filtros visando minimizar as variações do sinal medido decorrentes de interferências do meio. Esta técnica não necessita de grandes esforços de calibração nem alterações na estrutura existente, apenas utilizando a rede WLAN já instalada, obtendo assim uma precisão compatível com aplicações de localização de pessoas e objetos e auxílio em navegação em ambientes internos. Na implementação e testes da técnica proposta, foi empregado o processador Edison da Intel para a coleta das intensidades dos sinais — RSS e como plataforma de servidor foi utilizada a estrutura de nuvem da Microsoft através do Azure-Studio Machine Learning, apropriada para a análise e predição de dados da técnica utilizada. As medições para composição dos conjuntos de testes e validação foram realizadas no prédio do Centro de Informática da UFPE, demonstrando que apesar do baixo esforço de calibração, sem alteração da estrutura existente, atendem aos requisitos necessários. Resultados preliminares mostram que 60% das amostras estavam com erro inferior a 5 metros. / Currently, wireless local networks (WLANs) in internal environments are present in most of the public buildings. These networks, in addition to their main function, can be used to locate people and objects, stressing that in these environments it is not adequate the use of the GPS signal to this goal. Several studies and researches in this area have been made. Services based in internal location have many applications in security, health, monitoring, navigation, disabled assistance, and people management, among other areas. Nowadays, they already move a US$ 1 billion market. With the proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT), these values will increase even further. Internal location systems use technologies such as Ultrasound, Infra-red, RFID, Bluetooth, and WLAN, varying according to the required precision, accuracy, cost, response speed, infrastructure, and application. The following work proposes an internal location technique that uses the received signal strength (RSS) from existing WLAN networks as a location measurement. In the proposed technique, is initially made a mapping of the existing WLANs signals intensities, these values are classified through a Clustering Algorithm and, after that, regression algorithms are applied to each group towards a location classification. Associated to these techniques, filters are applied aiming to minimize the measured signal variations due to the environment interferences. This technique doesn’t require big calibration efforts, nor changes in the existing structure, just uses the already installed WLAN network, obtaining a precision compatible to the one required for people and objects location and assistence in internal environments navigation. In the proposed technique’s implementation and tests, it was used Intel’s Edison processor to collect RSS signal’s intensities. As a server platform, it was used Microsoft’s cloud structure through the Azure-Studio Machine Learning, appropriate for the used technique’s analysis and data prediction. The main set of tests and validation was accomplished in the UFPE Informatics Center building, showing that despite low calibration effort, without changing the existing structure, it complies with the necessary requirements. Preliminary results show that 60% of the samples had errors under 5 meters.

Cette thèse étudie les technologies porteuses de la 5ème génération de communication mobile telle que le MIMO et Massive MIMO ainsi que les divers challenges amenés par l’apparition de ces nouvelles technologies. Dans ce but un banc de mesure spécifique pour la caractérisation des performances des antennes MIMO en WLAN et LTE a été mis en œuvre. Dans un premier temps le banc de mesure a été réalisé à partir d’instruments de mesures Rhodes & Schwarz ; L’opportunité de travailler avec EURECOM nous a amenés à développer un second banc de test en utilisant l’OpenAirInterface, une plateforme open-source exploitant des systèmes de radio par logiciel. Nous avons conçu et réalisé une série de prototypes de routeur Wifi constitués de huit antennes. Chaque prototype est réalisé à partir d’antennes différentes (imprimées, 3D…). Nous avons également réalisé une seconde série prototype de routeur Wifi constitué de huit antennes imprimées sur plastique grâce à la technologie LDS. Une campagne de mesure a été réalisée avec ces prototypes sur le banc de test évoqué ci-dessus pour extraire des critères de performance antennaire utiles pour les applications MIMO. Ces études ont pour objectif d’apporter des éléments d’optimisation sur les techniques MIMO d’un point de vue antennaire. Une seconde partie de cette thèse est dédiée aux fréquences millimétriques qui sont au cœur de la 5G. Nous avons conçu un prototype de téléphone constitué de quatre antennes millimétriques. Une mesure permettant de prendre en compte les interférences avec le corps humain a été mise en place pour étudier les contraintes liées à l’implantation d’antennes millimétriques dans les futurs terminaux mobiles. / This PhD thesis studies the technologies of the 5th generation of mobile communication such as MIMO and Massive MIMO as well as the various challenges brought by the appearance of these new technologies. For this purpose, a specific test bench for characterizing the performance of MIMO antennas in WLAN and LTE has been implemented. The first the setup was made from Rhodes & Schwarz measuring instruments. The opportunity to work with EURECOM led us to develop a second test bench using the OpenAirInterface, an open-source platform exploiting software-based radio systems. We designed and built a series of Wi-Fi router prototypes consisting of eight antennas. Each prototype is made from different antennas (printed, 3D ...). We also produced a second series of Wi-Fi router prototypes consisting of eight antennas printed on plastic using LDS technology. A measurement campaign was carried out with these prototypes on the test bench mentioned above to extract useful antenna performance criteria for MIMO applications. These studies aim to provide optimization elements on MIMO techniques from an antenna point of view. A second part of this thesis is dedicated to the millimeter frequencies that are at the heart of 5G. We designed a mobile phone prototype consisting of four millimeter antennas. A measure to take into account the interference with the human body has been put in place to study the constraints related to the implementation of millimeter antennas in future mobile terminals.

The purpose of the thesis is to design and physically implement a system for location of devices in a Wi-Fi based networks deployed in the interior of small and medium-sized enterprises. First of all, the attention is given to the survey of commonly available technologies suitable for determination of the object position. Then, based on these findings, architecture of a location system comprising an array of sensor nodes and central processing unit is proposed. In conclusion, the results are presented and the fulfillment of the requirements is evaluated.