Nine teenage participants and two adult guides were followed throughout a 10 day white water canoe trip to investigate the relationship between their impressions of connection with nature and the canoe trip experience, and their interactions with nature and the canoe trip experience. Themes providing a description of these relationships were identified and three major findings emerged. The first was that multiple themes mediating participants’ connectedness with nature did so both towards connection and disconnection. The second was that participants’ state of comfort was related to an impression of connection with nature while their state of discomfort was related to an impression of disconnection from nature. The third was that the relationship between participants’ connectedness and interactions with nature differed depending on the context (e.g., nature versus civilization). Possible directions for future research include investigating changes in participants’ conception of nature and the relationship between comfort and connection with nature.

Nine teenage participants and two adult guides were followed throughout a 10 day white water canoe trip to investigate the relationship between their impressions of connection with nature and the canoe trip experience, and their interactions with nature and the canoe trip experience. Themes providing a description of these relationships were identified and three major findings emerged. The first was that multiple themes mediating participants’ connectedness with nature did so both towards connection and disconnection. The second was that participants’ state of comfort was related to an impression of connection with nature while their state of discomfort was related to an impression of disconnection from nature. The third was that the relationship between participants’ connectedness and interactions with nature differed depending on the context (e.g., nature versus civilization). Possible directions for future research include investigating changes in participants’ conception of nature and the relationship between comfort and connection with nature.

Nine teenage participants and two adult guides were followed throughout a 10 day white water canoe trip to investigate the relationship between their impressions of connection with nature and the canoe trip experience, and their interactions with nature and the canoe trip experience. Themes providing a description of these relationships were identified and three major findings emerged. The first was that multiple themes mediating participants’ connectedness with nature did so both towards connection and disconnection. The second was that participants’ state of comfort was related to an impression of connection with nature while their state of discomfort was related to an impression of disconnection from nature. The third was that the relationship between participants’ connectedness and interactions with nature differed depending on the context (e.g., nature versus civilization). Possible directions for future research include investigating changes in participants’ conception of nature and the relationship between comfort and connection with nature.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study aims to understand the conceptions about the process of appropriation of butia (Butia eriospatha) and pinion, seed of Araucaria (Araucaria angustifolia), present in Araucaria Forest - in the region of the Campos de Cima da Serra of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil - through the process of extraction adopted by settlers for land reform and traditional extractive community. The subjects of this study were a group of six settled families living in Nova Esmeralda Settlement, located in the city of Pinhal da Serra (RS), which comes from the year 2010 involving the extraction of butia to other productive activities of its production plant families and a group of eleven families of extractive pinion in the city of Muitos Capões (RS), which historically developed this activity. The method employed was qualitative research that seeks to understand the social, cultural, economic and ecological conditions studied by the studied subjects and from the concepts that explain the uses and purposes of these native species. The research included a literature and document review; interviews to both groups as well to key informants and technical advisory organizations. For data analysis, we attempted to reference in Oliveira (2012), which points as a method of defining units of analysis as well as theoretical and empirical categories. The literature review focused on the process of social metabolism and metabolism with nature, which focused on the appropriation process of nature. Besides, there were sought references about the ecological culture and environmental rationality to understand the processes that occur in traditional communities and with peasants. And also biodiversity conservation stimulated by its use. The study is completed by pointing out that the economic dimension is the aspect of larger motivation in the two largest public studied, whatever the use in feeding is resident, the common understanding between the two audiences is conservation of Araucaria and butia to continue generating income. The cultural dimension was also present especially in extractive pinion people, who have a long-standing traditional knowledge. The dimension of social organization is more evident in settlers. The extent of conservation is increasingly evident when the nature's resources generate greater economic value. Finally, it is mentioned that nowadays there is a sustainable metabolism with nature, so that, production systems are redesigned based on Agroecology and incorporate sociobiodiversity species. / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo compreender as concepções sobre o processo de apropriação do butiá (Butia eriospatha) e do pinhão, semente da Araucária (Araucaria angustifolia), presentes na Floresta de Araucárias - na região dos Campos de Cima da Serra do Rio Grande do Sul - mediante o processo de extrativismo adotado por assentados de reforma agrária e comunidade tradicional de extrativistas. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram um grupo de seis famílias assentadas no Assentamento Nova Esmeralda, no município de Pinhal da Serra (RS), que vem desde o ano de 2010 associando o extrativismo do butiá às demais atividades produtivas de sua unidade de produção e, um grupo de onze famílias extrativistas de pinhão do município de Muitos Capões (RS), que historicamente desenvolvem essa atividade. O método empregado foi a pesquisa qualitativa, que busca compreender as condições sociais, culturais, econômicas e ecológicas vivenciadas pelo público estudado e a partir disso explicar as concepções sobre os usos e finalidades destas espécies nativas. A pesquisa contou com uma revisão bibliográfica e documental; entrevistas aos dois públicos e também a informantes-chave e técnicos de organizações de assessoria. Para a análise dos dados, buscou-se referência em Oliveira (2012), onde aponta como método a definição de categorias teóricas, categorias empíricas e unidades de análise. A revisão bibliográfica centrou-se no processo de metabolismo social e metabolismo com a natureza, do qual focouse no processo de apropriação natureza. Também buscou-se referências sobre a cultura ecológica e a racionalidade ambiental para compreender os processos que ocorrem nas comunidades tradicionais e nos camponeses. E também a conservação da biodiversidade estimulada pelo seu uso. Conclui-se o estudo apontando que a dimensão econômica é o aspecto de maior motivação nos dois públicos estudados, por mais que o uso na alimentação esteja bastante presente, a concepção comum entre os dois públicos é de conservação da araucária e do butiá para continuar gerando renda. A dimensão cultural também se fez presente especialmente nos extrativistas de pinhão que possuem um conhecimento tradicional de longa data. A dimensão da organização social está mais evidente nos assentados. A dimensão da conservação fica mais evidente na medida em os recursos da natureza passam a ter maior valor econômico. Por fim, menciona-se que na atualidade se faz necessário um metabolismo sustentável com a natureza, de modo que se redesenhe sistemas de produção com base na Agroecologia e que incorporem as espécies da sociobiodiversidade.

This thesis is oriented on use of nature in art education. It consists of teortical and practial part. Theoretcial part describes possibiliteis of using nature and natural materials in art education in relationship with environmental education, history of art and art education in relationship with nature as inspiration or source of material. Practical part consits of two guidelines. The first one is focused on work with natural materials directly in nature. The second one is sectioned into another four guidelines inspirated by seasons of the year. Intention of this thesis is to point to the value of the nature in art education and offer number of possibiliteis how to use this topic. The main asset of this thesis is in summarizing knowledge about nature in relationship to art education and suggestions for activities inspirated by nature or realized directly in nature.

The presented historical-philosophical diploma thesis depicts the scouting phenomenon, which demands a specific type of morality and produces specific individuality. We interpret a scout human through the following themes: the personˈs relation to nature and to God. We will demonstrate that contact with nature is closely related to the demand placed on versatile personality development in the sense of the Ancient Greek term kalokagathia. Using the writings of J. J. Rousseau, E. T. Seton and H. Thoreau, we will focus on an idealized form of the return to nature. We will further delve into scoutsˈ attitudes towards the first Scouting principle: Duty to God. Last, but not least, we will demonstrate that only mature consciences establish free and responsible action. This action is, however, conditioned by a dialogue with a higher force. A scout human is therefore defined by both; their specific attitude to nature and their acknowledgement of spiritual life. Only a life in harmony with those two constants leads scouts towards meaningful humanity.

This project is about creating for/with humans and the rest of nature. The design is composed of five holistically sustainable beehotels with mental strengthealing journaling tools engraved into them. These beehotels have shifted away from anthropocentrism and are instead geared towards the needs of the pollinators, they are fully created from the forest they are made for. And the journaling exercises have been created to encourage self-exploration to recognize our own strength and build emotional intelligence. The entire design is a way to reflect on our actions.

Title: The importance of nature as a learning environment in Czech forest kindergartens and forest kindergartens abroad from the perspective of pedagogues. Objektive: The aim of this thesis is to obtain specific information about functioning of forest kindergartens abroad and compare them forest kindergartens in the Czech Republic. My next target was get from the general public in the Czech Republic specific information about their awareness of nature and forest kindergartens. Results: The result of the processing of literature related to preschool pedagogy, alternative pedagogical directions, forest kindergarten. We approached the issue. Through the questionnaire investigation compared the forest kindergarten in the Czech Republic and abroad. Thanks questionnaire investigation results we should recognized in self-knowledge and awareness, that we are part of nature. Keywords: education, relationships with nature, alternative pedagogical directions, forest kindergarten, nature, child abroad, questioning

The central theme of this thesis is to discuss the depiction of nature in the work of the Chilean author María Luisa Bombal and to show how she introduces a woman's perspective into these texts. The emphasis is on finding t ypical symbols which are used in the author's novels and short stories and to focus on their specific usage and connotations. For greater clarit y, the author's work is divided into 3 major thematic units: seeking for love in vain, the cosmic connection of female characters wi th nature, and her interpretation of the relationship between life and death.

Em seu poema autobiográfico O Prelúdio William Wordsworth relata o modo como os principais eventos de sua vida levaram ao seu desenvolvimento espiritual a fim de tornar-se um poeta. Na chamada poesia de Natureza isso pressupõe a influência da experiência direta e viva com os objetos e elementos do mundo natural. Meu intento nesta tese consiste em investigar a qual ponto a formação individual representada na narrativa é resultado da experiência vivida – estética, moral e intelectual – do sujeito em relação às formas belas e sublimes do mundo exterior em paralelo com a constituição imaginativa de sua consciência; ou da elaboração retórica e associativa de imagens, analogias, metáforas, símbolos, conceitos e concepções tomados de um conjunto de saberes literários, filosóficos, religiosos, psicológicos e científicos da tradição ocidental em voga na época de Wordsworth. Além disso, busquei examinar de que modo a experiência da Natureza se associa ao papel da educação formal e da observação impactante da estrutura social e política advinda das transformações da modernidade, vindo a formar a visão de mundo do poeta e a crença no papel fundamental da poesia como depositária laico-sagrada da sabedoria essencial da humanidade. Os argumentos que dão sustentação à minha interpretação do poema baseiam-se na análise de uma estrutura narrativa de história individual de nascimento em meio ao mundo natural, de criação de laços de pertencimento a este meio, de afastamento da Natureza e de retorno a ela. A região natal de Wordsworth no Disrito dos Lagos Ingleses, no Norte da Inglaterra, é vista como equivalente primeiro da Natureza. Portanto é represetada analogicamente como um parâmetro físico e sensível que fundamenta aquilo que o herói deverá entender como Natureza: primeiro enquanto mundo visível, e a partir deste corolário em suas dimensões sensoriais e sentimentais, intelectuais e emocionais, morais e espirituais. Destarte, esta pesquisa organiza-se em três partes. Na primeira parte, procurei reconstruir as experiências do herói ao longo dos principais eventos de seu percurso autobiográfico, com vistas a reconstituir o seu sentido para a construção (Bildung) da sensibilidade do sujeito, emocional, intelectual e espiritualmente, de acordo como estas experiências tenham sido vividas ou recordadas. Na segunda, tratei separadamente dos tipos de contato empírico do herói com as formas naturais em momentos de observação, contemplação e meditação, dando ênfase à percepção sensorial, especialmente em suas funções visual e auditiva; aos impulsos sentimentais e emocionais ligados à sensibilidade corporal; e finalmente à intuição transcendente e à visão metafísica que acompanha as relações espirituais sentidas na responsividade anímica e espiritual do sujeito – em comunhão tranquila ou êxtase elevado – com a essência mais profunda manifestada na vida das coisas que o rodeiam. Por fim, na terceira parte, voltei-me para a análise dos recursos empregados para a construção estética e reelaboração retórica dos conteúdos da experiência humana representados na narrativa a partir da associação de conteúdos imaginários, metafóricos, simbólicos, conceituais e alusivos que indicam a apropriação de um conjunto de saberes e conhecimentos tomados de empréstimo a uma tradição intelectual e letrada. Enquanto resultado, sustento a tese de que Wordsworth combina dois elementos fundamentais na construção poética de O Prelúdio. De um lado há a expressão emocional dos efeitos interiores causados pela impressão das formas naturais, com base no que se pode conceber enquanto representação realista, ou seja, fiel às formas empíricas da percepção humana e relativa à atenção do sujeito ao ambiente circundante e à cor local. De outro, constatei a reelaboração de imagens, motivos e topói, bem como noções conceituais e alusões que remetem à afirmação de uma visão de mundo cara ao espírito Romântico, assim como a crítica cortante, apesar de velada, a um conjunto de práticas institucionais, sociais e políticas que ameaçam a integridade de um mundo orgânico que o eu-lírico julga ideal para o aperfeiçoamento do espírito humano em condições de harmonia com o universo onde vive – a Natureza. / In his autobiographical poem The Prelude William Wordsworth relates how the main events of his life led to his spiritual development in order to become a poet. In the so-called Poetry of Nature this presupposes the influence of the direct and living experience of the objects and elements of the natural world. My intent in this dissertation consists of investigating to what extent the individual formation represented in the narrative results from the subject’s lived through experience – aesthetic, moral and intellectual – in relation to the beautiful and sublime forms of the outward world paralleled to the imaginative constitution of his consciousness; or from the rhetorical and associative elaboration of images, analogies, metaphors, symbols, concepts and conceptions taken from a body of literary, philosophical, religious, psychological and scientific knowledges of the western tradition in voge during Wordsworth’s age. Furthermore, I sought to examine how the experience of Nature associates to the role of formal education and striking observation of the social and political structure derived from the transformations of modernity, thus forming the poet’s worldview and belief in the fundamental role of poetry as the laic-sacred depositary of humankind’s essential wisdom. The arguments which sustain my interpretation of the poem are based on the analysis of a narrative structure of individual history of birth amid the natural world, of creation of pertainment bonds to this environment, of distancing from Nature and return to her. Wordsworth’s native region in the Lake District in the North of England is seen as the primary equivalent of Nature. Therefore it is represented analogically as a physical and sensual parameter that founds that which the hero must come to understand as Nature: firstly, as the visible world, and up from this corollary in her sensorial and sentimental, intellectual and emotional, moral and spiritual dimensions. Thus, this research is organized into three parts. In the first, I attempted at reconstructing the hero’s experiences along the main events of his autobiographical course, aiming at reconstituting their meaning for the building (Bildung) of the subject’s sensibility, emotional, intellectual and spiritually, according to the way these experiences have been lived or recollected. In the second part, I dealt separatedly with the hero’s types of empirical contact with the natural forms in moments of observation, contemplation and meditation, emphasyzing the sensorial perception, especially its visual and auditory functions; the sentimental and emotional drives linked to the sensibility of the body; and finally to the transcendent intuition and metaphysical vision wich accompany the spiritual relations felt in the subject’s animical and spiritual responsivity – in quiet communion or lofty transport – with the deepest essence manifested in the life of the things surrounding him. Finally, in the third part, I turned my efforts to analyzing the resources employed for the aesthetical construction and rhetorical re-elaboration of the contents of human experience depicted in the narrative out of the association of imaginary, metaphorical, symbolical, conceptual and allusive contents that indicate the appropriation of a set of wisdom and knowledge drawn from an intellectual and literate tradition. As a result, I sustain the thesis that Wordsworth combines two fundamental elements in the poetic textualization of The Prelude. On one hand, there is the emotional expression of the inner effects aroused by the impression of the natural forms based on what might be conceived as a realistic representation, i.e. faithful to the empirical forms of human perception and regarding the subject’s attention to the surrounding environment and the local colour. On the other hand, I testified the re-elaboration of images, motifs and topoi, as well as conceptual notions and allusions which remount to the assertion of a worldview dear to the Romantic spirit, so as a sharp (although veiled) criticism against a number of institutional, social and political practices that menace the integrity of an organical world that the lyrical speaker considers ideal for the perfectioning of the human spirit in conditions of harmony with the universe where man abides – I mean Nature.