Title from PDF of title page. / Document formatted into pages; contains 147 pages. / Thesis (M.A.)--University of South Florida, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references. / Text (Electronic thesis) in PDF format. / ABSTRACT: Blanche Armwood was a remarkable black woman activist, from Tampa, Florida, who devoted her life to improving the political, social, and economic status of blacks in the Jim Crow South. Local historians have kept Armwood's legacy alive by describing her achievements and by emphasizing her dedication to the African-American population during one of the most racist periods in American history. In their efforts to understand Armwood's career, scholars depend upon race as the primary category of analysis and focus mainly on the external forces that defined Armwood's world. They argue that she became resigned to her lot in life as a black woman, and consequently chose to accommodate rather than challenge the Southern racial system. This thesis offers an alternative interpretation of Armwood's activism. / ABSTRACT: It argues that Blanche Armwood rejected the white supremacist ideology of the Jim Crow South and insisted on equal opportunity and political equality for all African-Americans. This study examines how social variables such as race, gender, and class intersected in her life, shaping her world view and leadership style. It explores how Armwood's experiences as a southern, middle-class, black woman affected her racial ideology. Armwood left behind a powerful legacy of resistance against the second-class status that white America imposed on blacks during the nadir in African-American history. She contested the white South's perception of African-American women. In a world that associated them with Mammy and Jezebel stereotypes, Armwood insisted that African-American women deserved the same respect that society accorded white women. / ABSTRACT: Armwood fought for political equality, demanding that black women should have the right to vote and participate in the civic process as women and as African-Americans. In addition, she believed that the federal government had a responsibility to protect all its citizens and that every American was entitled to equal treatment before the law. Finally, Armwood&softsign;s racial uplift work revealed her faith in the cornerstone of the American creed, its promise of equal opportunity. She provided some blacks with the chance to move away from poverty and illiteracy to become respectable middle-class Americans. / System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader. / Mode of access: World Wide Web.

No abstract available. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2005.

Text in French; abstract in French and English / Observatrice des réalités quotidiennes camerounaises, Calixthe Beyala a publié, en 1987, un roman intitulé C’est le soleil qui m’a brûlée. Dans ce roman, elle montre au lecteur comment la femme, victime de la tradition, utilise, avec l’apport de la modernité, son corps comme moyen pour reconquérir son moi profond, et retrouver sa liberté. En 1994, elle a écrit et publié Assѐze, l’Africaine. Et en 2003, elle a publié Femme nue, femme noire. Après une lecture minutieuse de ces trois livres, le lecteur peut facilement découvrir que Calixthe Beyala place la femme au centre de sa préoccupation littéraire. Et elle examine, dans sa fiction, deux thѐmes: la tradition et la modernité. Qu’entend-elle par tradition et modernité? Comment examine-t-elle ces deux thѐmes dans les ouvrages de notre corpus? Quelles solutions propose-t-elle à la femme, d’une part, pour se libérer du joug de la tradition et de la domination masculine, et d’autre part, pour (re)conquérir son corps, son moi profond et pour son émancipation? / Observer of the daily Cameroonian realities, Calixthe Beyala published, in 1987, a novel entitled C’est le soleil qui m’a brûlée. In this novel, she shows the reader how a woman, victim of tradition, uses her body as means to reconquer herself and to find her freedom. In 1994, she wrote and published Assèze, l’Africane. And in 2003, she published Femme nue, femme noire. After a careful reading of the three novels, the reader can easily discover that Calixthe Beyala places woman in the center of her literary preoccupation. And she examines, in her fiction, two themes, tradition and modernity. What does she mean by tradition and modernity? How does she examine these two themes in the novels of our study? What solutions does she propose to the woman, firstly, to liberate herself from the yoke of tradition and male’s domination, and secondly, to reconquer her body, herself and her emancipation? / Classics and World Languages / M.A. (French)

Current debates in the anthropology of the Indian middle classes suggest a preponderant theme of balance - between 'Indian' and 'Western'; 'traditional' and 'modern'; 'global' and 'local'. Scholars like Säävälä (2010) Nisbett (2007, 2009), and Donner (2011) demonstrate a range of practices through which the ideal of middle class life is positioned in a precarious median between the imagined decadence of the upper classes and the perceived immorality and lack of responsibility of the working classes. Sexuality and intimacy, it has been observed, are important sites, where this balancing act is played out and risks to its stability are disciplined. Young women have particularly come under a great deal of pressure to position themselves dually as modern representatives of a global nation, who are, at the same time, epitomes of a nationalised narrative of tradition. In this thesis I examine, through an ethnographic study, the ways in which young women's bodies are implicated in the normative reproduction of everyday middle class life, as well as unpacking the social meanings of youth and adulthood for women in this context. Further, locating my study in the context of women's colleges in Chennai, this thesis comments on the significance of educational spaces as sites where normative ideals of middle class life and femininity are both produced and contested. The chief arguments in this thesis are organised into five chapters that draw primarily on ethnographic material to examine categories of risk, danger and pleasure as mutually constituted in young women's lives through everyday practice, as well as the making of the everyday as a precarious and compositional event.

Power imbalances and gender-based violence (GBV) have increasingly been cited as important determinants putting women at risk of HIV infections. Studies have shown that globally one in every three women has been beaten, coerced into sex or otherwise abused in her lifetime. The study explored working women’s perceptions of power, gender-based violence and HIV-infection risks. A qualitative, explorative study was conducted among female employees in an airline business in Namibia. Five women participated in in-depth, face-to-face interviews. The findings show that all of the participants experienced power imbalances and GBV in their intimate relationships. All of the women reported emotional or psychological abuse, whilst the majority were subjected to economic abuse, followed by physical abuse, and two alleged having been sexually abused. The study concludes with specific recommendations for the development and successful implementation of workplace policy and programmes to protect and promote women’s rights. / Social Work / M.A. (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV/AIDS)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-09-02Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:08:58Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 moura_lm_me_fran.pdf: 621004 bytes, checksum: 856908dab8b9f960adc95036948ab37d (MD5) / O presente trabalho incide sobre a realidade de algumas mulheres realmente corajosas e empreendedoras que resolveram deixar de lado os medos e as inseguranças introduzidas na sociedade pela realidade atual do mundo do trabalho. O município de Franca, conhecido mundialmente pela produção do calçado masculino, recebeu, de maneira impactante, todos os choques econômicos e sociais demandados das reestruturações produtivas e suas manifestações e conflitos trazidos à realidade da população. Foi realizada uma perspectiva histórica em relação ao movimento operário, de sua inserção na indústria têxtil, da participação das mulheres como força de trabalho nesse contexto, da trajetória produtiva de Franca e Região e das mudanças ocorridas nesse percurso. Mais do que uma atividade específica, a lingerie representa para as mulheres e para a coletividade Francana uma alternativa, uma perspectiva e uma mudança. Evidencia-se durante o estudo que muitas práticas ainda permanecem, como a do aviltamento do trabalho feminino, a exploração das forças de trabalho, o exercício do trabalho domiciliar e o achatamento dos salários e lucros. Entretanto, é notória, em diversos momentos da pesquisa, a presença da esperança, da satisfação, do encanto pelo trabalho, de melhores condições profissionais, sociais e familiares. Realizar tal estudo gratifica e instiga os pesquisadores e, ao mesmo tempo, traz à tona as responsabilidades acadêmicas e profissionais do Serviço Social / This work focuses on the reality of some truly really courageous and enterprising women who have decided to put aside fears and insecurities in society introduced by the current reality of the world of work. The city of Franca, known worldwide for producing men's shoes, was so impressive, all the economic and social demands of the productive restructuring and its manifestations and conflicts brought to the reality of the population. We performed a historical perspective in relation to the labor movement, its insertion in the textile industry, the participation of women as labor force in this context, the history of France and productive region and to the changes in this route. More than one specific activity, the lingerie is for women and for the collective Francana an alternative perspective and a change. It is of note during the study that many practices still remain, such as the degradation of female labor, the exploitation of the labor force, the exercise of home work and flattening of wages and profits.However, it is notorious, at various times of the study, the presence of hope, of satisfaction, the work of the charm of better employment conditions, social and family. Such a study and rewards entices researchers and at the same time, brings out the responsibilities of academic and professional social work

Orientador: Helen Barbosa Raiz Engler / Banca: Reginaldo Guiraldelli / Banca: Ubaldo Silveira / Resumo: O presente trabalho incide sobre a realidade de algumas mulheres realmente corajosas e empreendedoras que resolveram deixar de lado os medos e as inseguranças introduzidas na sociedade pela realidade atual do mundo do trabalho. O município de Franca, conhecido mundialmente pela produção do calçado masculino, recebeu, de maneira impactante, todos os choques econômicos e sociais demandados das reestruturações produtivas e suas manifestações e conflitos trazidos à realidade da população. Foi realizada uma perspectiva histórica em relação ao movimento operário, de sua inserção na indústria têxtil, da participação das mulheres como força de trabalho nesse contexto, da trajetória produtiva de Franca e Região e das mudanças ocorridas nesse percurso. Mais do que uma atividade específica, a lingerie representa para as mulheres e para a coletividade Francana uma alternativa, uma perspectiva e uma mudança. Evidencia-se durante o estudo que muitas práticas ainda permanecem, como a do aviltamento do trabalho feminino, a exploração das forças de trabalho, o exercício do trabalho domiciliar e o achatamento dos salários e lucros. Entretanto, é notória, em diversos momentos da pesquisa, a presença da esperança, da satisfação, do encanto pelo trabalho, de melhores condições profissionais, sociais e familiares. Realizar tal estudo gratifica e instiga os pesquisadores e, ao mesmo tempo, traz à tona as responsabilidades acadêmicas e profissionais do Serviço Social / Abstract: This work focuses on the reality of some truly really courageous and enterprising women who have decided to put aside fears and insecurities in society introduced by the current reality of the world of work. The city of Franca, known worldwide for producing men's shoes, was so impressive, all the economic and social demands of the productive restructuring and its manifestations and conflicts brought to the reality of the population. We performed a historical perspective in relation to the labor movement, its insertion in the textile industry, the participation of women as labor force in this context, the history of France and productive region and to the changes in this route. More than one specific activity, the lingerie is for women and for the collective Francana an alternative perspective and a change. It is of note during the study that many practices still remain, such as the degradation of female labor, the exploitation of the labor force, the exercise of home work and flattening of wages and profits.However, it is notorious, at various times of the study, the presence of hope, of satisfaction, the work of the charm of better employment conditions, social and family. Such a study and rewards entices researchers and at the same time, brings out the responsibilities of academic and professional social work / Mestre

CAPES / O imaginário mobilizado pela corrida espacial no segundo período pós-guerra instigou a criação de um repertório visual que logo tornou-se fonte de inspiração em diversos campos da produção cultural. Neste trabalho tenho por objetivo discutir a construção da figura da “mulher do futuro” mediante a articulação entre as produções filiadas a esse imaginário no vestuário e na decoração de interiores. O recorte de estudo abarca as décadas de 1960 e 1970 e está centrado nas representações de interiores domésticos divulgados pela revista Casa & Jardim e nos editoriais e anúncios publicitários de vestuário divulgados pelas revistas Claudia e Manequim. Esses títulos colocaram em circulação uma série de recursos imagéticos e textuais que evidenciam aspectos do comportamento social da época, servindo como base para a investigação das novas representações de feminilidades que surgiram naquele período. A escolha por privilegiar a articulação entre decoração de interiores e vestuário se justifica pela relação historicamente construída entre essas materialidades e o corpo feminino, caracterizando-se como parte integrante na construção de identidades de gênero, classe e geração. Com esse trabalho pretendo evidenciar que as materialidades dos interiores domésticos e do vestuário inspirados pela iconografia espacial atuavam como dispositivos que criavam e reforçavam noções de feminilidades em diálogo com o processo de modernização da sociedade brasileira em curso. / The imagery mobilized by the space race in the second post-war period instigated the creation of a visual repertory that soon became the source of inspiration in several fields of cultural production. In this work I aim to discuss the construction of the "woman of the future" figure through the articulation between the productions affiliated to this imaginary in clothing and interior decoration. The study covers the 1960s and 1970s and is centered on the representations of domestic interiors published by Casa & Jardim magazine and the editorials and advertisements for clothing published by magazines Claudia and Manequim. These publications put into circulation a series of imagery and textual resources that demonstrated aspects of the time’s social behavior, serving as basis for the investigation of the new representations of femininities which appeared in that period. The choice to focus on the articulation between interior decoration and clothing is based on the historically constructed relation between these materialities and the female body, therefore being an important part in the construction of gender, class and generation identities. With this work I intend to show that the materialities of domestic interiors and clothing inspired by the space age iconography acted as devices that created and reinforced notions of femininity.

CAPES / O imaginário mobilizado pela corrida espacial no segundo período pós-guerra instigou a criação de um repertório visual que logo tornou-se fonte de inspiração em diversos campos da produção cultural. Neste trabalho tenho por objetivo discutir a construção da figura da “mulher do futuro” mediante a articulação entre as produções filiadas a esse imaginário no vestuário e na decoração de interiores. O recorte de estudo abarca as décadas de 1960 e 1970 e está centrado nas representações de interiores domésticos divulgados pela revista Casa & Jardim e nos editoriais e anúncios publicitários de vestuário divulgados pelas revistas Claudia e Manequim. Esses títulos colocaram em circulação uma série de recursos imagéticos e textuais que evidenciam aspectos do comportamento social da época, servindo como base para a investigação das novas representações de feminilidades que surgiram naquele período. A escolha por privilegiar a articulação entre decoração de interiores e vestuário se justifica pela relação historicamente construída entre essas materialidades e o corpo feminino, caracterizando-se como parte integrante na construção de identidades de gênero, classe e geração. Com esse trabalho pretendo evidenciar que as materialidades dos interiores domésticos e do vestuário inspirados pela iconografia espacial atuavam como dispositivos que criavam e reforçavam noções de feminilidades em diálogo com o processo de modernização da sociedade brasileira em curso. / The imagery mobilized by the space race in the second post-war period instigated the creation of a visual repertory that soon became the source of inspiration in several fields of cultural production. In this work I aim to discuss the construction of the "woman of the future" figure through the articulation between the productions affiliated to this imaginary in clothing and interior decoration. The study covers the 1960s and 1970s and is centered on the representations of domestic interiors published by Casa & Jardim magazine and the editorials and advertisements for clothing published by magazines Claudia and Manequim. These publications put into circulation a series of imagery and textual resources that demonstrated aspects of the time’s social behavior, serving as basis for the investigation of the new representations of femininities which appeared in that period. The choice to focus on the articulation between interior decoration and clothing is based on the historically constructed relation between these materialities and the female body, therefore being an important part in the construction of gender, class and generation identities. With this work I intend to show that the materialities of domestic interiors and clothing inspired by the space age iconography acted as devices that created and reinforced notions of femininity.

Les Féministes et le changement social en Belgique (1918-1968). Programmes, stratégies et réseaux. Catherine Jacques. <p>Thèse de doctorat présentée sous la direction de Mme Eliane Gubin (Université libre de Bruxelles)et de Mme Christine Bard (Université d’Angers) en vue d’obtenir le titre de docteure en histoire.<p><p>Alors que l’histoire des femmes est relativement bien implantée en Belgique, il n’existe encore aucune étude qui envisage l’ensemble des mouvements féministes dans leur rapport à la société civile et politique. L’époque choisie s’étend de 1918 à 1968. Si les prémisses du féminisme et ses activités jusqu’en 1914, ainsi que sa reconversion durant les années de guerre, ont fait l’objet d’un certain nombre d’études, en revanche de multiples pans de l’activité féministe de l’entre-deux-guerres aux années 1960 demeurent largement méconnus. Pour les aborder, il convient d’évaluer d’abord l’impact de la guerre 14-18 sur les mouvements féministes et sur la condition des femmes. En effet le conflit les a profondément marquées, et les féministes en particulier qui s’étaient fortement impliquées dans le courant pacifiste de la Belle Epoque. Pendant la guerre, toutes ou presque, se sont engagées dans des activités patriotiques ou caritatives et certaines, au lendemain des hostilités, les prolongent au sein du mouvement féministe, dont elles deviennent d’importantes représentantes. <p>L’armistice conclue, les différentes associations féministes se reconstituent mais elles adaptent leurs revendications au contexte nouveau :la thèse analyse entre autres les relations entre féministes d’avant et d’après guerre, afin d’évaluer dans quelle mesure il y eut transmission (ou non) d’un savoir militant et d’expériences antérieures. En effet, aux côtés des associations féministes existant avant 1914 et reconstituées après 1918, naissent de nouveaux groupes, surtout à partir de la fin des années 1920. Ils se composent de femmes venues d’horizons sociaux relativement différents des militantes précédentes. Souvent universitaires, engagées dans une vie professionnelle, ces féministes formulent des revendications nettement plus radicales :c’est le cas par exemple du Groupement belge de la porte ouverte (1929) qui s’oppose clairement à toute législation protectionniste du travail différenciée selon les sexes, telle qu’elle est prônée par le Bureau international du Travail ;c’est le cas d’Egalité, une association dirigé par l’avocate et future sénatrice cooptée libérale Georgette Ciselet, qui affiche un programme féministe relativement radical en matière d’égalité civile et politique.<p>Le contexte a ici toute son importance :le féminisme d’entre-deux-guerres est en effet confronté à la mise en place de nouveaux processus d’intervention de l’Etat et aux conséquences des politiques natalistes menées par tous les gouvernements. L’idéal féminin que l’on tente d’imposer est marqué par l’assimilation quasi totale de l’identité féminine à la fonction maternelle et à la fécondité. Cette tendance, déjà forte avant guerre, s’accentue encore sous la pression de la grande crise et du chômage, que l’on croit pouvoir résorber en dégageant des postes de travail par le renvoi des femmes au foyer. Or ces tendances sont en totale contradiction avec l’implication des femmes dans l’espace public (elles sont devenues électrices communales), avec leur accès à de nouvelles filières professionnelles (infirmières, assistantes sociales), avec leur arrivée plus nombreuse dans l’enseignement secondaire et même supérieur. <p>De quelle manière et dans quelle mesure les deux générations de militantes ont-elles collaboré ?En d’autres termes, comment et par quels biais s’est assurée la transmission féministe ?Ces questions sont également abordées pour la période qui suit immédiatement la Seconde Guerre Mondiale. Celle-ci reste un domaine pratiquement inexploré, complètement occulté par l’explosion du néo-féminisme des années 1970. Longtemps, on a cru qu’en signalant l’accès des femmes au suffrage en 1948, on avait tout dit ;pour beaucoup, ces années seraient caractérisées par un mouvement féministe affadi, en léthargie en quelque sorte. Cette version, généralement admise, doit être largement nuancée. Les années 1950 et 1960 voient fleurir au contraire des revendications réformistes, même si elles adoptent encore un ton mineur et qu’elles doivent être replacées dans le contexte de l’époque. Elles sont énoncées de manière telle que les contemporains puissent les entendre. Ce féminisme en réalité très vigoureux engrange des succès et mène des combats fondamentaux, tels que l’accès complet à la citoyenneté des femmes, la féminisation des études supérieures, la réforme du code civil et des régimes matrimoniaux. Il balise à bien des égards la voie pour les revendications de la seconde vague féministe, il est donc erroné et réducteur de les présenter en rupture totale. <p>La thèse privilégie une approche thématique des revendications féministes :une partie traite des avancés dans la sphère publique (pour l’essentiel la question du droit à la citoyenneté économique et politique) et l’autre dans l’espace privé (réforme du code civil, droits des mères et réflexions sur la sexualité). <p>Ce type d’analyse permet de mieux contextualiser les revendications en les mettant en rapport avec les enjeux contemporains. A terme les éléments dégagés éclairent les processus de construction des citoyennetés civile, politique et sociale des femmes.<p>Les stratégies élaborées par les féministes sont au cœur de notre réflexion. Une attention particulière est accordée aux personnes qui conçoivent et portent ces revendications, de manière à réintégrer dans le processus d’émancipation des femmes des réseaux et des relais insérés dans des courants autres que féministes (partis politiques, syndicats, associations féminines). La mise en évidence de ces relais montre comment certaines idées, nées au sein des mouvements féministes, ont pénétré dans des groupes qui réfutaient toute adhésion à la cause féministe mais qui, à terme, en ont adopté les demandes et les ont diffusées dans un public plus large. La manière dont ces revendications féministes parviennent à “ remonter ”, à la fois au sein de structures politiques et associatives, et atteindre ainsi un grand nombre de femmes (et d’hommes) est central dans l’analyse proposée.<p>Mais faire l’étude des mouvements ou des associations sans tenir compte des personnes qui les composent, laisse subsister des zones d’ombre. La sociabilité des militantes est interrogée. Celle-ci est, sans doute, un élément d’explication à la constance de certains engagements. <p>Notre étude si elle se situe sur le plan national, envisage conjointement l’impact de l’international sur l’évolution du féminisme belge. Au plan international, l’ensemble des organisations faîtières dont dépendent de nombreuses associations nationales trouvent leur place dans notre étude :le Conseil international des Femmes qui chapeaute le Conseil national des Femmes belges, l’Open Door pour le Groupement belge de la Porte Ouverte, etc. L’angle d’approche n’est pas l’organisation faîtière en tant que telle mais bien les rapports entretenus avec l’association nationale. Sans oublier les instances internationales (SDN puis ONU, OIT, BIT,etc.) auprès desquelles les associations internationales féministes exercent depuis leur création un lobbying serré en faveur des intérêts féminins qui, mesuré aux nombres des conventions et des accords en tout genre indiquent que leur influence est réelle et attestent de l’existence de véritables stratégies féministes dans l’entourage des organismes internationaux. <p>Au terme, la thèse permet de mieux comprendre le processus d’inclusion des femmes dans la société belge et éclaire sur les mécanismes de démocratisation de celle-ci par l’intégration de ses citoyennes./Feminists and social change in Belgium<p>(1918-1968)<p>Program, strategy and networks<p><p><p>Although women history is rather well established in Belgium, no survey has been made on all the women movements in the frame of their relationship with civil and political society. The studied area spans from 1918 till 1968.<p>The context is important :feminism for the inter bellum period and after the second world war must face the increasing impediment of the State in public life, generating new discriminations. This thesis uses predominantly a thematic approach of the different feminist demands :one part will deal with the progress made in the public domain (mainly the issue of the right to economic and political citizenship) and another one in the private domain (civil code reform, mothers’ rights and considerations on sexuality).<p>In the long run, the points brought forward bring to light the building process of civil, political and social citizenship of women.<p>The strategies elaborated by the feminists lie at the heart of our thought. A special point of attention is made for the people conceiving and bringing forward these demands, in order to integrate in the emancipation process of women the networks and relays used outside the women sphere (political parties, unions, women societies).<p>Even if this survey is made at the national level, it also involves the impact of what is happening at the international level on Belgian feminism.<p>Eventually, the purpose of this thesis is to better understand the inclusion process of women in Belgian society and to bring to light the impact the integration of women had on the democratization mechanism of the same Belgian society.<p><p><p><p><p> / Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished