The importance and benefits of involving community members in health policy making-­-from the first step of needs assessment through to actual policy development--are increasingly being recognized. This thesis describes the evaluation of a community consultation process which was part of a needs assessment conducted by Saskatoon District Health, in Saskatchewan, Canada. In September 1995, a Children and Youth Working Group was formed, made up of volunteers representing service providers, users, and families. Their mandate was to develop and priorize recommendations on ways to improve the health status of children and youth in the District, which has a total population of approximately 300,000. In addition to a comprehensive epidemiological assessment, the Working Group engaged in a community consultation process which solicited input from the general community, with a specific emphasis on key groups such as youth, Aboriginal, immigrant/refugees, and service providers in health, education, social services, and justice. In this process, information on perceived needs of children and youth was collected through 20 focus groups (n=213) and a questionnaire (n=1,985). Based on a synthesis of the quantitative and qualitative data, the Working Group drafted a set of recommendations, which were then discussed at a community meeting for input and feedback. <p> This research evaluates the effectiveness of the consultation process in facilitating community participation using three sources of data: the entire consultation process was observed (from January 1996 until February 1997), including the focus groups, Working Group meetings, and the final community meeting; interviews (2) were held with the Working Group (n=9), with selected individuals who had participated in the consultation (n=7), and with non-participants (n=2); and documentation produced by the Working Group (i.e., minutes, notes, background material) was reviewed. These data were analyzed thematically according to criteria established jointly by the representatives of the member groups of the Population Health Project (Working Group, Coordinating Group, Research Advisory Group) and the researcher. The effectiveness was gauged by comparing the findings with the criteria and with the components of meaningful community consultation as defined by the Working Group (appropriateness, timeliness, completeness, accuracy, representativeness, relevance). The themes which emerged from the analysis deal with the participants' feelings about their participation or non­participation, the success of the consultation process, the nature of the data collected; by-­products of the process, and the consultation's influence on the outcome of the needs assessment. The results of this analysis are presented and conclusions drawn regarding factors that contribute to or impede effective public participation in health needs assessment.

The importance and benefits of involving community members in health policy making-­-from the first step of needs assessment through to actual policy development--are increasingly being recognized. This thesis describes the evaluation of a community consultation process which was part of a needs assessment conducted by Saskatoon District Health, in Saskatchewan, Canada. In September 1995, a Children and Youth Working Group was formed, made up of volunteers representing service providers, users, and families. Their mandate was to develop and priorize recommendations on ways to improve the health status of children and youth in the District, which has a total population of approximately 300,000. In addition to a comprehensive epidemiological assessment, the Working Group engaged in a community consultation process which solicited input from the general community, with a specific emphasis on key groups such as youth, Aboriginal, immigrant/refugees, and service providers in health, education, social services, and justice. In this process, information on perceived needs of children and youth was collected through 20 focus groups (n=213) and a questionnaire (n=1,985). Based on a synthesis of the quantitative and qualitative data, the Working Group drafted a set of recommendations, which were then discussed at a community meeting for input and feedback. <p> This research evaluates the effectiveness of the consultation process in facilitating community participation using three sources of data: the entire consultation process was observed (from January 1996 until February 1997), including the focus groups, Working Group meetings, and the final community meeting; interviews (2) were held with the Working Group (n=9), with selected individuals who had participated in the consultation (n=7), and with non-participants (n=2); and documentation produced by the Working Group (i.e., minutes, notes, background material) was reviewed. These data were analyzed thematically according to criteria established jointly by the representatives of the member groups of the Population Health Project (Working Group, Coordinating Group, Research Advisory Group) and the researcher. The effectiveness was gauged by comparing the findings with the criteria and with the components of meaningful community consultation as defined by the Working Group (appropriateness, timeliness, completeness, accuracy, representativeness, relevance). The themes which emerged from the analysis deal with the participants' feelings about their participation or non­participation, the success of the consultation process, the nature of the data collected; by-­products of the process, and the consultation's influence on the outcome of the needs assessment. The results of this analysis are presented and conclusions drawn regarding factors that contribute to or impede effective public participation in health needs assessment.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1997. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 241-248). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1997. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 241-248). Also available on the Internet.

Denna studie ämnar undersöka huruvida yrkesverksamma upplever att mångfald påverkar förutsättningar för lärande inom arbetsgrupper. Syftet har operationaliserats i forskningsfrågan “Hur upplevs mångfald påverka förutsättningar för lärande i arbetsgrupper?” samt dess två underfrågor “på vilka sätt upplevs mångfald vara en förutsättning för lärande i arbetsgrupper?” och “på vilka sätt upplevs mångfald vara ett hinder för lärande i arbetsgrupper?”. Det empiriska materialet har tillhandahållits med hjälp av kvalitativ ansats i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer samt tematisk analys. Studieresultaten visade att samtliga informanter, trots deras olika branscher, resonerar på liknande sätt och upplever att mångfald och heterogenitet medför stora förutsättningar för lärande i form av nya perspektiv, erfarenhetsutbyte och ifrågasättande. Resultaten visade även att mångfald kan skapa hinder för lärande, när perspektiv och erfarenheter undanhålls på grund av maktskillnader och hierarkier. Informanternas erfarenheter visar att de gemensamt är positivt inställda till förutsättningarna för lärande inom arbetsgrupper som mångfald medför. Slutsatserna som dragits är att uppfattningen av huruvida mångfald påverkar lärandet beror på individers inställning till mångfald samt arbetets och gruppens kontext. Mångfaldsbegreppet är komplext och svårt att mäta, då det kan formas till att passa individers egna värderingar. Det gör att det påverkar hur de kan se på förutsättningar och hinder för lärande på olika sätt, till följd av definitionen av mångfald. / This study aims to examine whether professionals experience that diversity affects the conditions for learning within working groups. The purpose has been operationalized in the research question "How is diversity perceived to affect the conditions for learning in working groups?" and its two sub questions "In what ways is diversity considered to be a prerequisite for learning in working groups?" and "In what ways is diversity considered to be an obstacle for learning in working groups?". The empirical material has been provided by a qualitative approach, in the form of semi structured interviews and thematic analysis. The study results show that all informants, despite their different industries, reason similarly and feel that diversity and heterogeneity imply great learning opportunities in terms of new perspectives, experience sharing and questioning. The results also show that diversity can create barriers to learning, when perspectives and experiences are retained due to differences in power and hierarchies. The informants' experiences show that they are jointly positive to the prerequisites for learning within workgroups that diversity brings. The conclusions drawn are that the perception of diversity is influenced by the individual's approach to diversity and the context of the work and the group. Diversity as a concept is complex and difficult to measure, as it can be tailored to the individual's own values, which affects how one can interpret the conditions and obstacles to learning differently, as a result of the diversity definition.

The thesis deals with the determination and analysis of management style in the selected work-group, employee satisfaction and identifying work efficiency. A partial goal was to divide employees to two groups according to their happiness. The first group included happy employees and the second group included unhappy employees. The next step was to identify the factors of each group that influence satisfaction of the workers the most. The theoretical part contains the theoretical knowledge of psychology and sociology with a focus on the definition of working groups, management styles and work efficiency. The practical part summarizes the author's own research, based on which the author analyzed the style of management, satisfaction of workers, with various aspects of management style and other factors, which to some extent affect their overall satisfaction, overall efficiency and effectiveness of each individual worker. Finally, the overall effectiveness of the selected group was detected.

Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka hur de mindre kommunala arbetsgrupperna samarbetar inom den kommunala omsorgen samt undersöka vilka metoder de använder sig av i sitt samarbete. I studien användes en kvalitativ metod, det genomfördes fem semistrukturerade intervjuer som utgick från en intervjuguide med respodenter från olika arbetsgrupper inom omsorgen. Det empiriska materialet bearbetades och olika teman utkristalliserades, underrubriker skapades. Det insamlade teoretiska materialet användes för att analysera och diskutera det empiriska materialet. Resultatet visar att arbetsgrupperna är i behov av att samarbetet fungerar och att det krävs utarbetade metoder för att samarbetet ska fungera. Resultatet visar vidare att arbetsgruppens medlemmar upplever att klimatet känslan mellan gruppmedlemmarna sättet att kommunicera utgör förutsättningen för samarbetet.

<p>Denna rapport tar en titt på phishing-problemet, något som många har råkat ut för med bland annat de falska Nordea eller eBay mejl som på senaste tiden har dykt upp i våra inkorgar, och ett eventuellt sätt att minska phishingens effekt. Fokus i rapporten ligger på klassificering av mejl och den huvudsakliga frågeställningen är: ”Är det, med hög träffsäkerhet, möjligt att med hjälp av ett klassificeringsverktyg sortera ut mejl som har med phishing att göra från övrig skräppost.” Det visade sig svårare än väntat att hitta phishing mejl att använda i klassificeringen. I de klassificeringar som genomfördes visade det sig att både metoden Naive Bayes och med Support Vector Machine kan hitta upp till 100 % av phishing mejlen. Rapporten pressenterar arbetsgången, teori om phishing och resultaten efter genomförda klassificeringstest.</p> / <p>This report takes a look at the phishing problem, something that many have come across with for example the fake Nordea or eBay e-mails that lately have shown up in our e-mail inboxes, and a possible way to reduce the effect of phishing. The focus in the report lies on classification of e-mails and the main question is: “Is it, with high accuracy, possible with a classification tool to sort phishing e-mails from other spam e-mails.” It was more difficult than expected to find phishing e-mails to use in the classification. The classifications that were made showed that it was possible to find up to 100 % of the phishing e-mails with both Naive Bayes and with Support Vector Machine. The report presents the work done, facts about phishing and the results of the classification tests made.</p>

Denna rapport tar en titt på phishing-problemet, något som många har råkat ut för med bland annat de falska Nordea eller eBay mejl som på senaste tiden har dykt upp i våra inkorgar, och ett eventuellt sätt att minska phishingens effekt. Fokus i rapporten ligger på klassificering av mejl och den huvudsakliga frågeställningen är: ”Är det, med hög träffsäkerhet, möjligt att med hjälp av ett klassificeringsverktyg sortera ut mejl som har med phishing att göra från övrig skräppost.” Det visade sig svårare än väntat att hitta phishing mejl att använda i klassificeringen. I de klassificeringar som genomfördes visade det sig att både metoden Naive Bayes och med Support Vector Machine kan hitta upp till 100 % av phishing mejlen. Rapporten pressenterar arbetsgången, teori om phishing och resultaten efter genomförda klassificeringstest. / This report takes a look at the phishing problem, something that many have come across with for example the fake Nordea or eBay e-mails that lately have shown up in our e-mail inboxes, and a possible way to reduce the effect of phishing. The focus in the report lies on classification of e-mails and the main question is: “Is it, with high accuracy, possible with a classification tool to sort phishing e-mails from other spam e-mails.” It was more difficult than expected to find phishing e-mails to use in the classification. The classifications that were made showed that it was possible to find up to 100 % of the phishing e-mails with both Naive Bayes and with Support Vector Machine. The report presents the work done, facts about phishing and the results of the classification tests made.

During a period of over five years two psychiatric teams have attempted to develop a programme for cooperation between child and youth care and adult psychiatric care in common premises in a local community just outside Stockholm. The thesis docu­ments, in six parts, the experiences from these experimental working conditions and how they were used to reach the desired goals of change in the organisations and in the activities of the teams. The thesis also shows how this special situation and the circumstances which followed created obstacles to change. The research-programme was carried out by field-research me­thods, i.e. a combination of direct observation and inter-viewing. The two teams went through different phases of mutual rela­tions. Initially they had to face severe difficulties. During the first 1 1/2 years the level of conflict was high. Indivi­dual members of the staffs became more and more paralyzed. At the same time, however, they could manage to work together with client-fami1ies and with other social welfare institutions. Individuals from different teams could exchange experiences with one another but, at the same time, they were unable to genera­lize and to share these experiences consciously. In the following 1 1/2 years the teams were integrated. New ways of handling therapeutic issues were developed. There were signs of change in the therapeutic identity of the staffs. The last years of the experimental period were characterized by growing reactions against the earlier developement. The teams were again split up, both administratively and in relation to working methods, The first part of the thesis describes the developement of the experimental issue in general. It also gives a presentation of the research-programme. The working pre-conditions are examined in the second part. In the third part the cause of the paralysis of the staff's capability of action is analyzed by viewing the problem from different theoretical perspectives and as a result of a clash between the different "activity-matrices" of the teams. In the fourth part some experiences of the research-methods used are documented. Some difficulties connected with preparation, re­alization and evaluation of experimental work conditions are examined in the fifth part. The sixth part is a summing up of the earlier parts and presents an analysis of the contradictions actua­lized during the experimental period. / <p>Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 1985, härtill 6 uppsatser.</p> / digitalisering@umu