The rapid growth of unmanned aircraft system (UAS) use in both the military and civil sectors has uncovered an array of challenges within the field. In terms of human factors and ergonomics, the influence of the unique physical design of the control stations used to pilot the unmanned aircraft on local muscular fatigue and discomfort are of great concern. This study was conducted to assess the influence of two display configurations, Side-by-Side (SS) and Stacked (ST), and two chairs, Ergonomic (EC) and Captain’s (CC), on mean and median power frequencies, root mean square amplitude, posture, discomfort, workload, and seat pressure. Sixteen participants [age: 24.75 ± 2.96 years; gender: 4 female/ 12 male; height: 177.56 ± 9.09 cm; weight: 81.37 ± 16.43 kg] completed four, 2-hour simulated UAS flights for all chair/display combinations. Eight participants piloted one, 6-hour simulated UAS flight in the display/chair combination which best minimized discomfort and fatigue in the two-hour flights, EC/SS. During the two-hour flights, muscle activity, discomfort, posture, workload, and seat pressure findings indicated increased muscular fatigue and discomfort over time. Generally, the EC/SS condition appeared to best mitigate muscular fatigue and postures associated with increased risk for the development of musculoskeletal disorders. Six-hour flight data failed to provide additional insights on the influence of extended duration flights on the dependent variables of this study. Finally, linear regression analysis revealed muscle activity can likely be predicted during UAS piloting tasks using the dependent variables in this study; however, the study failed to provide evidence that models built from two-hour data can accurately predict muscle activity out to six hours.

Workplace sedentary behavior has been associated with many chronic diseases. A nine-month study has been initiated to determine participation and benefits of shared treadmill workstations. It would be an advantage to understand factors that would increase the use of these types of workplace interventions aimed at reducing sedentary behavior. To address some of these factors, characteristics of nineteen office workers willing to participate in this study were investigated. Baseline anthropometric measurements were taken. Participants provided seven-day exercise and sleep logs and three-day dietary records. Accelerometers were given to measure energy expenditure, step counts and activity durations. Participants also completed the questionnaires assessing their expectations and perceptions of a workplace intervention. The willing participants were generally overweight and sedentary middle aged individuals with below average daily energy expenditures and they had low fatigue and pain levels, poor sleep quality ratings, and wanted to reduce their sedentary behavior to achieve health benefits.

Workplace sedentary behavior has been associated with many chronic diseases. A nine-month study has been initiated to determine participation and benefits of shared treadmill workstations. It would be an advantage to understand factors that would increase the use of these types of workplace interventions aimed at reducing sedentary behavior. To address some of these factors, characteristics of nineteen office workers willing to participate in this study were investigated. Baseline anthropometric measurements were taken. Participants provided seven-day exercise and sleep logs and three-day dietary records. Accelerometers were given to measure energy expenditure, step counts and activity durations. Participants also completed the questionnaires assessing their expectations and perceptions of a workplace intervention. The willing participants were generally overweight and sedentary middle aged individuals with below average daily energy expenditures and they had low fatigue and pain levels, poor sleep quality ratings, and wanted to reduce their sedentary behavior to achieve health benefits.

This diploma thesis is devoted to a modern attitude of desktop computer usage, that uses operating system and applications virtualization. The paper describes theoretical principles of virtualization techniques and selection of the proper solution for the organization. Diploma thesis also describes the project implementation.

No description available.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1992 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California / The design and development of user interfaces for telemetry data processing systems is undergoing a period of rapid change. The migration to graphics workstations is raising expectations and redefining requirements for user interfaces in the nineties. User interfaces which present data in crude tabular form on alphanumeric terminals are on a path to extinction. Modem telemetry user interfaces are hosted on graphics workstations rich with power and software tools. This paper summarizes the evolution of user interfaces for telemetry systems developed by Computer Sciences Corporation, highlighting key enhancements and use of third-party software. The benefits of prototyping and the trend toward programmable interface behavior are explored.

The goal of this thesis is the kinematic analysis and evaluation of wheelchair mounted robotic arms. More specifically, to address the kinematics of the wheelchair mounted robotic arm (WMRA) with respect to its ability to reach positions commonly required by an assistive device in activities of daily living (ADL). A robotic manipulator attached to a power wheelchair could enhance the manipulation functions of an individual with a disability. In this thesis, a procedure is developed for the kinematic analysis and evaluation of a wheelchair mounted robotic arm. In addition to developing the analytical procedure, the manipulator is evaluated, and design recommendations and insights are obtained. At this time there exist both commercially-available and industrial wheelchair mountable robotic manipulators. The commercially-available manipulators (of which two will be addressed in this research) have been designed specifically for use in rehabilitation robotics. In contrast, industrial robotic manipulators are designed for speed, precision, and endurance. These traits are not required in assistive robots and can actually be dangerous to the operator if mounted onto a wheelchair. Manipulators to be used as WMRAs must be designed specifically for assistive functions in order to be utilized as a wheelchair mounted robotic arm. In an effort to evaluate two commercial manipulators, the procedure for kinematic analysis is applied to each manipulator. Design recommendations with regard to each device are obtained. This method will benefit the researchers by providing a standardized procedure for kinematic analysis of WMRAs that is capable of evaluating independent designs.

Aim of the study: To evaluate the ergonomical conditions of the students computer working. Material and metods: The research was made in Kaunas university of Technology at the faculty of informatics. 435 students parcipated in the survey. Research data were analyzed using program SPSS 11.0 for windows. Results: 63,2 % of guys and 36,8 % of girls participated in the survey. Students approximately spend 5,1 hours a day and approximately sleep 7,15 hours. 48,3 % of students live in the hostels. On the average 2-3 students live in one room and usually there 2 computers in the each room. 84,8 % of students are satisfied with the computer work place at the university. 87,6 % of students think that a computer has an influence of the health, but they don’t relate them with the present complains about their health. The main complains about the health are: eye tingling (40,7%), eye suffusion (37,7%), eyestrain (26,9%), eye tiredness (89,7%), reduced seeing after the computer work (63,2%). Among the lesion of musculoskeletal system the most usual are neck ache and shoulder ache (24,4%), backbone ache (12,6%), wrist ache (9,2%). They often repeat themselves several times a month and usually sitting in the uncomfortable position. The students mentioned very few skin problems, mostly they complained about the skin neurosis (8,0%). 68,0% of students have a headache while working with a computer and 11,3 % have sleep disorder. 64,6 % of students have stress while working with a... [to full text]

Long-term work with computer spent in non-physiological position may be the cause of many health problems, but also leads to less performance of the workers. For these reasons, both employees and employers should be concerned about the correct ergonomics of working places and jointly create a healthy and pleasant environment for work. The topic of this thesis is very relevant due to the fact that still more people have been working in administration and with computer. The purpose of the thesis was to determine the level of implementation of ergonomic requirements on workstation for employees working in the office and suggest corrective actions to improve their working conditions. The survey was conducted in the administrative facility of a company, where the employees work in open space offices. Data were obtained using a questionnaire survey and subjective views of the workers were objectively verified by ergonomic measurement of workstations according to the valid legislation. For the research were established the following hypotheses: Hypothesis 1: The Ergonomics of workstations is inconvenient. Hypothesis 2: Workers with health problems of the musculoskeletal system more often sit in a wrong position during work. Hypothesis 3: Length of continuous work with the computer has an impact on the incidence of health problems. Hypothesis 4: Comfort at work is affected by the use of ergonomic aids. After evaluating the results, it was found that the only hypothesis that was confirmed was hypothesis 3. The other hypotheses were refuted. According to the results employees have got appropriate working conditions. T results will be provided to employer, who can make the conditions even more improved and more accurately adjusted. In addition, a flyer will be created as an output for practice, which will contain picture of the correct working position and instructions on how to simply set up the furniture so that the correct position could be reached.

Examensarbetet är utfört hos IAC Group AB i Färgelanda. Arbetet handlar om att ge förslag på en layout av en arbetsstation vid en ny produktionslina som ska tas i bruk hösten 2017.Med layout menas fysisk placering av de komponenter som ingår i stationen, så som maskiner, förvaring och arbetsvagnar etc. Detaljerna som tillverkas vid denna produktionslina är delar till en takförvaring som är en del av inredningen hos en ledande lastbilstillverkare. Redan under projektets gång monteras delar av produktionslinan och vissa testserier körs. Den arbetsstation som examensarbetet behandlar är en friktionssvetsoperation av luckor innan slutmonteringen. Då luckorna tillverkas i olika modeller behövs det bytas verktyg i svetsen mellan modellerna, dessutom är det olika förmonteringsbord i processen beroende på vilken modell av lucka som ska tillverkas. För att arbetsstationen effektivt ska kunna ha ett genomflöde av material, samtidigt som operatörerna ska ha en ergonomiskt utformad arbetsplats behövs en noga genomtänkt layout. Processen med framtagning av denna layout har skett med metoder inom produktutveckling där koncept genereras och utvärderas. Konceptframtagningsprocessen har delvis skett i samråd med företagets handledare och produktionstekniker. Initialt genererades sex koncept som betygsattes och viktades i en matris, för att kunna välja en grundmodell. Efter val av grundmodell genererades fler koncept på en mer ingående celldesign. De sista genererade koncepten presenterades för berörd personal som till slut valde ett slutligt koncept då det uppfyllde de krav och önskemål som var satta. Examensarbetet omfattade även simulering av operatörernas arbete, analys av operatörernas balansering och förslag till eventuella förbättringar. Resultatet i rapporten beskriver det slutliga konceptet tillsammans med rekommendationer och riktlinjer från Lean production. Själva implementeringen av layouten kommer göras av IAC Group AB. / This thesis is performed at International Automotive Components (IAC) Group located in Färgelanda, Sweden. The purpose of the work is to propose a layout of a workstation in a new production line that will be launched in autumn 2017. A layout means physical location of the components in the station. The parts produced by this production line are details of a roof shelf which is part of the interior of a Swedish leading truck manufacturer. During the project, the production line is currently being assembled and some test series is run.The work station that this thesis deals with is a welding operation of the lids before transported to a final assembly. Because the lids are manufactured in different models, the weld needs replacement of tools in order to process the current part. Different assembly tables also needs to be replaced depending on the model of the lid witch is to be manufactured. The work station needs to effectively have a flow of material, while the operators must have an ergonomically designed workplace, and that requires a carefully thought out layout. The process of preparation of this layout was done with methods of product development where concepts are generated and evaluated. The concept development process has been in consultation with the company supervisor and production. A total of six concepts were generated and they were graded and weighted in a matrix, which later led to the choosing of a basic model. After selecting the basic model were more concepts generated in a more detailed cell design. The last generated concepts were presented to the staff involved that eventually opted for a final concept when it met the requirements and preferences that were set. Part of the thesis was also to simulate the work of the operators, ensure the balancing and suggest possible improvements. The results in the report describes the final concept together with recommendations and guidelines of lean production.The actual implementation of the layout will be done by the company themselves.