While many research studies have examined the early literacy development and experiences of monolingual children (e.g. Clay 1982, 1991, 2001; Dyson, 1984, 1993, 2003), there are few studies that investigate the early literacy development of young emergent bilingual students (Dworin & Moll, 2006; McCarthey et al., 2004; Moll, Saez, Dworin, 2001). Drawing on sociocultural theory (Rogoff, 1990; Vygotsky, 1978), 1995), critical race theory (Ladson-Billings, 1998; Solorzano & Yosso, 2009; Taylor, 2009; Yosso, Villalpando, Delgado Bernal, & Solórzano, 2001) and ethic of care perspectives (Noddings, 1984), this case study examined emergent bilingual students’ writing development during writing workshop in the context of an “English only” official curriculum. Questions guiding the study were: (1) How do emergent bilingual writers participate in writing events? (2) What social, cultural, and linguistic resources do emergent bilingual writers draw upon when engaged in the composing process? and (3) What impact do these resources have on emergent bilingual writers’ understandings of the writing process? Data sources included teacher, student, and parent interviews; field notes and transcripts of focal students' talk and interactions during the whole class mini-lessons and share sessions, individual writing time, and teacher/student writing conferences, and student writing samples. Constant Comparative approach (Charmaz, 2006; Glaser & Strauss, 1965) was used to analyze the data. Findings from this study indicate that emergent bilingual students draw from rich social, cultural, and linguistic repertoires as they write. Findings also indicate that issues of power and agency play out as student position themselves within the group based on language proficiency. On the basis of this study, teachers can support students as they draw upon their rich resources by supporting talk in multiple languages in the classroom. This study also demonstrates how the politics of language education impact young students as they position themselves in the classroom based on access to linguistic resources. Implications for classroom practice include challenging deficit perspectives that fail to view students’ home language and culture as a resource in learning. Teachers can support students as they draw upon their rich resources by encouraging talk and writing in multiple languages in the classroom. Further questions are reasied about English only policies that deny students opportunities to engage in multilingual practices as they learn to read and write in classroom settings.

This applied dissertation was designed to determine the impact of direct writing conventions instruction on second grade writing mechanics mastery at an independent school in southeast Florida. The research study utilized a nonexperimental quantitative method. The design was pretest-posttest with a control. The pretest-posttest assessment was the Children’s Progress Academic Assessment. The score utilized in the analysis was the Phonics/Writing subtest. De-identified data were collected and analyzed from two separate second grade classes from two consecutive school years (i.e., 2011-2012, 2012-2013). The control group consisted of 43 second graders who received writing conventions instruction in the context of student writing during individual and small group conferences. The control group received no direct writing conventions instruction. The treatment group consisted of 39 second graders who received direct writing conventions instruction through the use of mini-lessons during the writing workshop. An analysis of the de-identified data revealed that, although the treatment group mean change score had a positive change greater than the control group change score, the change was not statistically significant. The researcher failed to reject the null hypothesis relative to a statistically significant difference between the two groups. Recommendations were made for future research.

abstract: This qualitative study uses the theoretical concepts of identity, agency, and power to explore the ways in which students in their moment-to-moment interactions enact identities, agency, and power as they engage in the activity of writing and participate in a writing workshop. This research highlights what happens to writers as they engage in writing processes with one another and moves away from interpreting what happens between students as only cognitive or behavioral phenomenon. Additionally, through the lenses of identity, agency, and power, the complexity of what it means to be a writer in a writing workshop is made visible. Data for the study were collected over a five-month period and include observations of children participating in a third-grade writing workshop, written field notes, and detailed recording of the actions and interactions among the students as well as the teacher and students to capture the time, space, and participants' activity during the writing workshop. Whole class and small-group interactions were video and/or audiorecorded daily for later transcription, observation and reflection. Semi-structured informal interviews and informal talks with the students and the teachers were conducted and recorded on a regular basis, and the students' written work and other related artifacts were collected to examine the students' work as writers. The research reveals three major themes: 1) students enact multiple identities to serve a variety of purposes; 2) students enact agency in the ordinary and everyday practices of the writing workshop to change their present interactions, circumstances, and conditions; and 3) in their microlevel interactions, students enact macrolevel notions of power that shift classroom as well as peer relations. Additionally this study reveals the ways in which students use their written texts as evidence to substantiate the claims they are making about themselves and about others as learners and as people. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Curriculum and Instruction 2010

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Creative Writing Joins Rhetoric and the Public Arts: A Comparative Study of Craft, Workshop, and Practice beyond English Studies analyzes the field of creative writing through the lenses of classical rhetorical scholarship, aesthetic theory, and craft criticism in the arts. Through a historical analysis of techne (craft or method) and telos (end or final cause) in the work of Aristotle and Plato, I argue that what we call "craft" often suffers from a limiting definition that privileges formal and material constraints over the more vital concerns of knowledge and consciousness reflected in artistic education. Craft knowledge is demonstrated through the processes of art-making internalized by the student apprentice. No matter the form or discipline, craft practice embodies the processes and consciousness that make art education possible. The dissertation analyzes concepts of craft as technique while revealing how artistic method illuminates the ends to which art serves. Craft consciousness, a term outlined in this dissertation, is defined as an awareness of artistic method and practice across disciplinary boundaries. If applied by teachers and students of creative writing, this consciousness will redefine writing workshop, curriculum design, programmatic elements, and the mission of creative writing as an academic discipline. By shifting the field toward the craft principles shared with the performing and fine arts, the dissertation uses rhetoric and public arts as lenses for reimagining the mission of creative writing more broadly as a discipline simultaneously engaged with democratic and occultic principles. In proposing an alternative approach to traditional writing workshop by examining author-function, this dissertation also draws from Paulo Freire's term "nuclei of contradiction" in order to argue for a pedagogy that attends to the inherent contradictions that form the foundation of creative writing culture. Freire's "critical consciousness" informs the term "craft consciousness" and the latter term forms the scaffolding in which to reimagine educational principles in creative writing. In order to reimagine craft and workshop practices in traditional and virtual spaces, this dissertation examines how theories, histories, and practices in craft will transform creative writing into a field grounded in artistic practice and intellectual inquiry.

Das coisas que acontecem quando se pesquisa em uma pósgraduação. Das dimensões ética, estética e política em produzir uma dissertação de mestrado ou tese de doutorado nos tempos atuais. Da construção de um atelier de escrita em um programa de pós-graduação em Psicologia Social e Institucional. Dos efeitos e registros de um escrever-com: com os participantes do atelier, com autores e autoras (acadêmicos e/ou não), com as bobagens, bibliotecas, músicas e literaturas. Dos risos e embrulhos de escrever em meio à vida. Dos ingredientes e modos de usar uma pesquisa. Dos efeitos coletivos de escrita a partir de 10 figuras disparadas por Roland Barthes: abandono, apneia, assinatura, bissemia, centro, círculo, embrulhado, prosa, tranquilidade, violência. Da escrita acadêmica como uma política da bolha: frágil, torpe, singular mas em constante movimento. / About what happens when you engage in academic research. About the ethical, aesthetic and political dimensions of writing a thesis on times like these. About creating a writing workshop in a Social and Institutional Psychology graduate program. About the effects and records of weiting-with. with the participants of the workshop, with the authors (academic and/or not), with the nonsense, libraries, musics, literatures. About the laughter and nausea of writing immerse in life. About the ingredients and ‘how-to use’s of a research. About the collective effects of writing from Roland Barthes’s 10 abandoned figures: abandon, apnea, bissemia, center, circle, crammed, prose, signature, tranquility, violence. About academic writing as a politics of the bubble: fragile, nasty, singular but in constant movement.

This transformative participatory study was designed to address the issue of limited culturally relevant Spanish or bilingual mentor texts for use in writing workshop. The researcher references critical pedagogy theory, writing instruction theory and transformative education theory to set a theoretical framework. In the study 2 Dual Language teachers currently implementing a Two-Way Dual Language program engaged in a six session book study and article discussion using Alma Flor Ada’s and Isabel Campoy’s book Authors in the classroom: A transformative Education Process (2004). Sessions were audiotaped, reflections were collected, and a pre and post questionnaire was used to gather data. Using grounded theory the data was coded and findings are included in this report. / text

Das coisas que acontecem quando se pesquisa em uma pósgraduação. Das dimensões ética, estética e política em produzir uma dissertação de mestrado ou tese de doutorado nos tempos atuais. Da construção de um atelier de escrita em um programa de pós-graduação em Psicologia Social e Institucional. Dos efeitos e registros de um escrever-com: com os participantes do atelier, com autores e autoras (acadêmicos e/ou não), com as bobagens, bibliotecas, músicas e literaturas. Dos risos e embrulhos de escrever em meio à vida. Dos ingredientes e modos de usar uma pesquisa. Dos efeitos coletivos de escrita a partir de 10 figuras disparadas por Roland Barthes: abandono, apneia, assinatura, bissemia, centro, círculo, embrulhado, prosa, tranquilidade, violência. Da escrita acadêmica como uma política da bolha: frágil, torpe, singular mas em constante movimento. / About what happens when you engage in academic research. About the ethical, aesthetic and political dimensions of writing a thesis on times like these. About creating a writing workshop in a Social and Institutional Psychology graduate program. About the effects and records of weiting-with. with the participants of the workshop, with the authors (academic and/or not), with the nonsense, libraries, musics, literatures. About the laughter and nausea of writing immerse in life. About the ingredients and ‘how-to use’s of a research. About the collective effects of writing from Roland Barthes’s 10 abandoned figures: abandon, apnea, bissemia, center, circle, crammed, prose, signature, tranquility, violence. About academic writing as a politics of the bubble: fragile, nasty, singular but in constant movement.

Das coisas que acontecem quando se pesquisa em uma pósgraduação. Das dimensões ética, estética e política em produzir uma dissertação de mestrado ou tese de doutorado nos tempos atuais. Da construção de um atelier de escrita em um programa de pós-graduação em Psicologia Social e Institucional. Dos efeitos e registros de um escrever-com: com os participantes do atelier, com autores e autoras (acadêmicos e/ou não), com as bobagens, bibliotecas, músicas e literaturas. Dos risos e embrulhos de escrever em meio à vida. Dos ingredientes e modos de usar uma pesquisa. Dos efeitos coletivos de escrita a partir de 10 figuras disparadas por Roland Barthes: abandono, apneia, assinatura, bissemia, centro, círculo, embrulhado, prosa, tranquilidade, violência. Da escrita acadêmica como uma política da bolha: frágil, torpe, singular mas em constante movimento. / About what happens when you engage in academic research. About the ethical, aesthetic and political dimensions of writing a thesis on times like these. About creating a writing workshop in a Social and Institutional Psychology graduate program. About the effects and records of weiting-with. with the participants of the workshop, with the authors (academic and/or not), with the nonsense, libraries, musics, literatures. About the laughter and nausea of writing immerse in life. About the ingredients and ‘how-to use’s of a research. About the collective effects of writing from Roland Barthes’s 10 abandoned figures: abandon, apnea, bissemia, center, circle, crammed, prose, signature, tranquility, violence. About academic writing as a politics of the bubble: fragile, nasty, singular but in constant movement.