This project was initiated by the Cardcrock Division of the Naval Surface Warfare Center (CDNSWC) and the Office of Naval Research to study the effects of various processing parameters on the residual stress state of HSLA-100 bead-on-plate weldments. Three groups of samples were provided to Virginia Tech by CDNSWC. The first (GPX) was a sample of unwelded, as-received base material; the second group (RS-) consisted of an experimental matrix of differently processed bead-on-plate weldments which were all ground prior to welding in order to prepare the surface for welding; the third group (SR-) was a pair of weldments vacuum annealed at 1200°F for one and two hours, and then welded (without grinding) using welding parameters identical to weldments from the second group. X-ray diffraction was used to measure the surface residual stress state of all samples. It was found that the surface residual stress states of the GPX plate and the unwelded SR-group plates showed no statistically significant difference in magnitude, though the variation of the stress state over the surface of the plates seemed to decrease with increasing annealing time. The severe, non-uniform grinding was determined to play a very large role in the residual stresses generated in the welds, sometimes changing both the magnitude and the shape of the stress patterns. Residual stresses in plates that were ground before welding were always more tensile than those that were not ground. Grinding also caused a large compressive-to-tensile stress gradient in the transverse direction. The grinding made it difficult to determine the effects of different welding parameters on the residual stress state. Assuming that the stresses closest to the weld bead are exclusively residual stresses due to welding, preheat temperature reduced the tensile nature, or increased the compressive nature, of the residual stresses. This is due to the preheat reducing the effect of shrinkage stresses induced after the austenite transformation upon cooling of the weldment. Because of the effects of grinding and the small sample sizes, no definitive conclusions could be drawn about the effects of heat input and plate thickness. It was shown that grinding was the dominant parameter on the residual stress state in these HSLA-100 bead-on-plate weldments. Because the angle and force of grinding are purely at the discretion of the operator, it is very difficult to determine the effects of different welding parameters on the residual stresses generated in bead-on-plate weldments ground prior to welding. / Master of Science

Advances in computer automation and control, compact and portable x-ray sources, and reliable and efficient detector systems over the last ten years have allowed X-Ray Determination of Residual Stress (XRDRS) measurements to become a viable method of evaluating the state of stress in metals, alloys, and ceramics. However, problems associated with incorrect XRDRS equipment operation and poor experimental technique are prevalent, necessitating better operator training and education. Therefore, an interactive computer workstation, called RS/hyper, was developed to lead the operator towards correct operating procedures and reliable experimental technique. RS/hyper teaches the operator proper machine setup, machine maintenance, radiation safety, experimental technique, theoretical understanding, and provides limited data evaluation. Graphical aids are used extensively to avoid confusion and misinterpretation during the learning process. Since RS/hyper is interactive, the operator may select the desired level of understanding on a particular topic. These topics are linked, through a hypertext interface, so that the information is presented coherently and efficiently. Compared to written texts and references, RS/hyper has been shown in preliminary tests to reduce XRDRS training and problem solving time by a factor of 16. RS/hyper will train novice users of XRDRS equipment so that the data acquired from such machines will be reliable in an industrial environment. Since the software educates the user, the results of the data will be more accurately represented before interpretation. The experienced user should find RS/hyper useful as a reference of XRDRS and related information. / Master of Science

Resumo: Os espinélios compreendem um grande grupo de compostos com aplicações tecnológicas, sendo que tais aplicações são, fundamentalmente, por sua capacidade de acomodar diferentes cátions em sua estrutura cristalina e essas propriedades estão diretamente correlacionadas ao método de preparação. Neste trabalho as ferritas...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The spinels include a great group of composites with technological applications, being that such applications are, basically, for its capacity to accommodate different cations in its crystalline structure and these properties directly are correlated to the preparation method. In this work the ferrites...(Complete abstract, click electronic address below) / Orientador: Carlos de Oliveira Paiva Santos / Coorientador: Lucianna da Gama F. Vieira / Banca: Elisabete Inácio Santiago / Banca: Paulo Roberto Bueno / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-01-20Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:31:54Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 goes_ms_me_bauru_prot.pdf: 10083876 bytes, checksum: 94a71b64f0fd1aecca45156ef778d101 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Os espinélios compreendem um grande grupo de compostos com aplicações tecnológicas, sendo que tais aplicações são, fundamentalmente, por sua capacidade de acomodar diferentes cátions em sua estrutura cristalina e essas propriedades estão diretamente correlacionadas ao método de preparação. Neste trabalho as ferritas... / The spinels include a great group of composites with technological applications, being that such applications are, basically, for its capacity to accommodate different cations in its crystalline structure and these properties directly are correlated to the preparation method. In this work the ferrites...(Complete abstract, click electronic address below)

Orientador: Gilberto Medeiros Ribeiro / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T22:37:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leite_MarinaSoares_D.pdf: 10910248 bytes, checksum: 5dc120ade30e376360bb05f29092999a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: As propriedades estruturais e eletrônicas dos materiais em escala nanométrica dependem fortemente de sua composição química, assim como seu tamanho e forma. Uma variedade de morfologias distintas pode ser formada controlando-se as condições experimentais durante o crescimento epitaxial de Ge sobre um substrato de Si(001). Em particular, ilhas tridimensionais com tamanho e forma bem definidos são formadas para minimizar a energia total do sistema. O trabalho apresentado nesta tese de doutorado consiste no estudo da formação de ligas em ilhas de GeSi:Si(001) cristalinas obtidas via crescimento epitaxial tanto no regime cinético quanto no de quasi-equilíbrio, através da determinação da composição química e dos campos de deformação dessas nanoestruturas. No regime cinético de crescimento investigou-se as moléculas de pontos quânticos (QDMs, do inglês Quantum Dot Molecules), estruturas compostas por uma depressão central com facetas 105 e quatro ilhas alongadas, também com facetas 105 , ao seu redor, formadas a partir de um processo conhecido como nucleação cooperativa. As QDMs foram obtidas por epitaxia de feixe molecular para condições bastante específicas de crescimento: Si0,7 Ge0,3, 550 C e taxa de deposição de 1,0 A/s. A estreita distribuição de tamanhos desse conjunto de ilhas permitiu o mapeamento de sua composição e deformação através da difração de raios-x em incidência rasante (GIXRD, do inglês Grazing Incidence X-Ray Diffraction), apesar da simetria complexa envolvida. A concentração de Ge varia significativamente nessas nanoestruturas e difere consideravelmente da sua composição nominal, atingindo quase 100 % no topo das ilhas, indicando uma redistribuição atômica significativa durante o crescimento, associada a processos de difusão na superfície. Regiões comprimidas e tencionadas foram encontradas nas QDMs e no substrato, em acordo com cálculos de elementos finitos para a relaxação da rede. A formação das ligas em ilhas de GeSi e a influência dos diferentes mecanismos envolvidos foram investigadas para morfologias correspondentes ao regime de quasi-equilíbrio. As forças generalizadas que governam a formação dessas ligas, tensão e gradiente do potencial químico, bem como os potencias termodinâmicos, entalpia, entropia de mistura e energia livre de Gibbs, foram quantitativamente avaliados para um conjunto de amostras de domos obtido por deposição via química. Tratamentos térmicos pós-crescimento em ambientes de H2e de PH3 foram utilizados para fazer-se uma analogia com um sistema aberto e outro fechado do ponto de vista termodinâmico, respectivamente. A entropia de mistura tem uma contribuição bastante significativa para a energia total desses sistemas, prevalecendo sobre a entalpia, associada µas deformações do filme. Há essencialmente três mecanismos envolvidos na formação das ligas de GeSi: a troca de átomos Si/Ge que acontece durante o crescimento, a difusão na superfície e a difusão intra-ilha. A importância relativa entre cada mecanismo foi avaliada através da determinação do perfil de composição para ilhas de Ge:Si(001) em formato de domos mediante um conjunto de ataques químicos seletivos e medidas de GIXRD. Para amostras crescidas a mais alta taxa de deposição a interdifusão foi reduzida. A difusão na superfície do Si dominou durante o tratamento térmico em H2 (sistema aberto), enquanto a difusão do Ge e a difusão intra-ilha prevaleceram durante o tratamento térmico em um ambiente de PH3(sistema fechado no que concerne o Si). Ainda no regime de equilíbrio local, estudou-se a formação de misturas em superdomos: ilhas formadas a partir dos domos, com facetas bem definidas e planos de discordâncias que aliviam as tensões do filme. Essas estruturas desenvolvem-se através do processo de amadurecimento de Ostwald, no qual as ilhas maiores crescem ainda mais µas custas das menores. Em resumo, investigou-se a composição química de diversas morfologias de nanoestruturas de GeSi crescidas epitaxialmente sobre Si(001). Os processos de formação destas ligas foram avaliados experimentalmente. Finalmente, pôde-se investigar em detalhes a termodinâmica de sistemas nanométricos / Abstract: The structural and electronic properties of nanoscale materials strongly depend on the chemical composition, as well as their size and shape. A big variety of morphologies can be achieved by controlling the experimental conditions during the epitaxial growth of Ge on a Si(001) substrate. In particular, three-dimensional islands with well defined size and shape are formed in order to minimize the system's total energy. The work presented in this thesis consist in the study of the alloying in GeSi:Si(001) crystalline islands obtained by epitaxial growth methods in the kinetically-limited and the quasi-equilibrium regimes, beyond the chemical composition and strain ¯elds determination of these nanostructures. In the kinetically-limited regime the Quantum Dot Molecules (QDMs) were investigated. These nanostructures are composed by a central f 105 g faceted pit and four elongated islands, also 105 faceted, at the pit surrounding, and formed by a cooperative nucleation process. The QDMs were obtained by molecular beam epitaxy for speci¯c growth conditions: Si0:7Ge0:3, substrate temperature of 550 C and deposition rate of 1.0 º A/s. The narrow size distribution of the ensemble of islands allowed the chemical composition and strain fields maps by Grazing Incidence Anomalous X-Ray Diffraction (GIXRD), besides the complex symmetry involved. The Ge concentration was found to vary significantly from the nominal composition, it is almost 100 % at the islands top, indicating a strong atomic redistribution during the film growth, associated to surface diffusion processes. Compressed and tensile regions were found to co-exist inside the QDMs and the Si substrate, in agreement with finite element calculations performed for the same morphologies for the lattice relaxation. The alloying issue in GeSi islands and the mechanisms influence were investigated for different morphologies corresponding to the quasi-equilibrium regime. The driving forces for alloying - stress and the chemical potential gradient - and the thermodynamical potentials - enthalpy, mixing entropy and the Gibbs free energy - were quantitatively evaluated for an ensemble of samples of dome shaped islands obtained by chemical vapor deposition. Pos-growth annealing in H2 and PH3 environments were used in analogy with an open and closed systems from the thermodynamical point of view, respectively. The mixing entropy was found to have a strong contribution to the total energy, prevailing from the enthalpy, associated with the strain. The are essentially three different mechanisms involved in the alloying of epitaxial nanocrystals: intermixing between Si/Ge atoms during growth, surface diffusion, and intraisland diffusion. The relative importance of each mechanism was evaluated in determining a particular composition profile for dome-shaped Ge:Si (001) islands using a selective chemical etching and GIXRD measurements. For samples grown at a faster rate, intermixing during growth was reduced. Si surface diffusion dominates during H2 annealing (opened system), whereas Ge surface diffusion and intraisland diffusion prevail during annealing in a PH3 environment (closed system concerning Si). Also in the quasi-equilibrium regime, the superdomes (SDs) formation were studies. These islands, with well defined facets, are formed trough the dome-shaped ones and present dislocation which relieves the strain. These nanostructures are formed due to Ostwald ripening process, where the larger islands growth by consuming the smaller ones. Summarizing, the chemical composition were investigated in SiGe:Si(001) epitaxial nanostructures with different morphologies. The alloying processes were experimentally evaluated. Finally, the thermodynamical potentials were investigated in detail for nanoscale systems / Doutorado / Física da Matéria Condensada / Doutor em Ciências

Orientadores: Carlos Manuel Giles Antunez de Mayolo, Fernando Iikawa / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T20:37:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriano_Cris_M.pdf: 2377701 bytes, checksum: 09034068780831dd7a4b137752559fc2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / Resumo: Neste trabalho foram estudados filmes finos de MoAs crescidos por epitaxia de feixe molecular em substratos de GaAs (001). As propriedades magnéticas destas hetero-estruturas (filme magnético sobre um substrato semicondutor) são fortemente dependentes das propriedades estruturais do filme de MoAs que foram estudadas detalhadamente utilizando técnicas de difração de raios-x no Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron. Dentre os principais resultados estão a identificação de uma temperatura de ordenamento magnético maior do que os valores para o MnAs massivo, em filmes com acomodações cristalinas onde o eixo-c está inclinado em relação ao plano (001) do substrato. Também foi realizado um estudo detalhado da variação do parâmetro de rede com a temperatura em torno da transição de fase magnética. Este estudo permitiu determinar a evolução das tensões elásticas presentes no filme de MoAs durante a transição onde em um intervalo em torno de 30°C acontece uma coexistência de fases cristalinas pela formação de faixas periódicas com regiões alternadas de a -MnAs (hexagonal) e ,b -MnAs (ortorrômbico). Também se encontrou que os parâmetros de rede contidos no plano do filme se comportam de forma bem diferente. Enquanto que o parâmetro que corresponde ao eixo-c hexagonal não varia muito durante a transição o outro parâmetro de rede contido no filme aumenta fortemente com a temperatura. Estes estudos complementaram medidas magnéticas com efeito Kerr magnéto-óptico simultâneas às medidas estruturais, assim como às medidas por difração de raios-x com aplicação de campo magnéticos de até 3 kOe / Abstract: Thin films ofMnAs grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaAs (001) were studied by X-ray diffraction. The magnetic properties of a thin film of MnAs are strongly affected by the elastic tensions ofthe film accomodation over the semiconductor substrate and were studied by X-ray diffraction techniques at the Brazilian National Synchrotron Laboratory .It was found that the Curie temperature for the MnAs film is dependent on the type of crystal accomodation over the substrate. In particular for a MnAs accomodation with a tilted hexagonal c-axis with respect to the GaAs (00 1) plane, the transition temperature becomes higher than the value for MnAs bulk. A detailed analysis ofthe evolution ofthe lattice parameters through the transition temperature was performed. These results contribute to the understanding of the phase coexistence in the film through more than 30°C where periodic stripes of a -MnAs (hexagonal) and b-MnAs (orthorhombic) are formed to reduce the elastic tension of the film during this first order magnetic transition. It was found that while the hexagonal c-axis lattice parameter almost does not change during the phase transition, the in-plane lattice parameter perpendicular to the c-axis strongly increases with increasing temperature. These structural results complement magnetization measurements using an in situ magneto-optical Kerr effect setup and also structural measurements under applied magnetic fields up to 3 kOe / Mestrado / Física da Matéria Condensada / Mestre em Física

Orientadores: Richard Landers, Abner de Siervo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin. / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T18:57:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carazzolle_MarceloFalsarella_M.pdf: 9436583 bytes, checksum: 076451d27442a919e962e5f6cf59ba6a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: Neste trabalho foi estudado o crescimento de filmes ultra-finos de Sb sobre Ni(111) e In sobre Ni(111), no regime de frações de monocamadas, com o interesse no entendimento da estrutura cristalográfica e eletrônica destas ligas de superfície. Os filmes foram preparadas em ambiente de UHV e caracterizados do ponto de vista da estrutura eletrônica através da técnica experimental de espectroscopia de elétrons (XPS) e cálculos de teoria do funcional da densidade (DFT). Na determinação da estrutura cristalográfica das ligas de superfície foram utilizados LEED-qualitativo e PED (difração de fotoelétrons) e DFT. Os filmes de Sb sobre Ni(111) formaram uma liga substitucional de superfície ordenada na estrutura (Ö 3 x Ö 3) R30 °, seguindo o empacotamento fcc do substrato. Os filmes de In sobre Ni(111) formaram duas fases ordenadas, 2 x 2 e (Ö 3 x Ö 3) R30 ° e , coexistindo na superfície em forma de domínios, ambas as fases formaram ligas substitucionais seguindo o empacotamento fcc do substrato. A estrutura eletrônica do filmes foram estudadas por XPS e interpretadas com a ajuda das simulações de DFT. Em ambos os filmes não houve tranferência de cargas entre os átomos, mas tivemos evidências de uma redistribuição de cargas intra-atômica nos átomos do substrato. / Abstract: In this thesis we present a studied the growth of the ultra-thin films of Sb on Ni(111) and In on Ni(111), in the sub-monolayer regime. The main interest was on the understanding of the crystallography and electronic structure theses surface alloys. The films were grown under UHV conditions and characterized as to their electronic structure by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and simulated theoretically by density functional theory (DFT). To determine the crystallography structure, LEED and photoelectron diffraction (PED) was used. The Sb on Ni(111) films after annealing stabilized as a substitution surface alloy in the ( Ö 3 x Ö 3 ) R 30 ° structure following the fcc substrate. The In on Ni(111) films formed two ordered phases 2x2 and (Ö 3 x Ö 3) R30 ° coexisting on the surface, both the phases formed substitution alloys following the fcc substrate. The electronic structure of both the films didn¿t show evidence of charge transfer between the atoms, but of a possible charge redistribution between the states of the Ni atoms in contact with the evaporated film. / Mestrado / Superfícies e Interfaces ; Peliculas e Filamentos / Mestre em Física

La diffraction des rayons X à haute énergie est une technique puissante pour caractériser les transformations de phases dans les matériaux métalliques. Cette technique nous a permis d'étudier quantitativement le changement de phases ß ? a + ß dans les alliages de titane au cours de traitements thermiques. Nous avons pu caractériser les différentes phases en présence, déterminer en temps réel les cinétiques de transformation et suivre l'évolution des paramètres de maille de chacune des phases. Dans un premier temps, nous avons étudié le changement de phases a + ß ? ß des alliages Ti17, Ti64 et Ti6242, au cours du chauffage en utilisant des vitesses lentes. Les évolutions des paramètres de maille ont été corrélées aux variations de composition chimique des phases (déterminées par ThermoCalc). Les cinétiques de transformation ont ensuite été comparées à celles calculées par l'intermédiaire d'un modèle par champ de phases. Dans le cas de l'alliage Ti17, la transformation de phases ß ? a + ß a également été étudiée au refroidissement. Différentes conditions de refroidissement ont été étudiées : en condition anisotherme au cours de refroidissements continus et en condition isotherme, au cours de maintiens à différentes températures. L'influence du chemin thermique a également été étudié, en réalisant des revenus à partir d'un état [bêta]-métastable à température ambiante. Les cinétiques de transformation obtenues ont été comparées à celles déterminées par résistivité électrique. L'évolution des paramètres de maille des phases et de la largeur à mi hauteur (FWHM) des pics de la phase [bêta] ont permis de mettre en évidence les variations de composition chimique de cette phase et les changements d'état de contrainte engendrés lors des transformations / The high energy X-rays diffraction is a powerful tool to characterize the phase transformation in metallic materials. Its use in the case of titanium alloys has allowed to study the phase transformation during heat treatments. We were able to characterize the different phases involved, to determine in situ the evolution of the mass fraction and the cell parameters of each phase. In the first time, we have studied the phase transformation a + ß ? ß during heating of Ti17, Ti64 and Ti6242 titanium alloys. The cell parameters evolutions have been compared to the chemical composition variations (determined by Thermocalc). Then, the transformation kinetics have been compared to calculated results obtained by a phase field approach. For the Ti17 alloy, we have characterized the phase transformation ß ? a + ß during the cooling. Different conditions were used: the anisothermal condition (during continuous cooling) and the isothermal condition (during dwells at different temperatures). The influence of the thermal path have been considered by means of tempering from a [bêta]-metastable state at room temperature. The evolution of the phase fraction has been compared to kinetics measured by electrical resistivity. The cell parameter and full width at half maximum (FWHM) variations and of each phase have allowed to highlight the changes of the chemical composition and the elastic strain during phase transformation

Le lien entre la structure semi-cristalline et les propriétés d’usage (mécaniques, diélectriques et électro-actives) de films de copolymères fluorés électro-actifs développés pour des applications en électronique organique imprimée a été étudié. Les matériaux investigués sont des copolymères poly(VDF-co-TrFE) et des terpolymères poly(VDF-ter-TrFE-ter-CTFE) à base de fluorure de vinylidène (VDF), trifluoroéthylène (TrFE) et chlorotrifluoroéthylène (CTFE).Les films de polymères obtenus par évaporation du solvant sont étudiés par diffraction des rayons X (SAXS-WAXS), DSC, FTIR, DMA, spectroscopie diélectrique et cycles de polarisation afin de mettre en évidence l’impact de la composition et de la mise en forme (recuit, polarisation) sur la structure et les propriétés finales du matériau. Nous montrons ainsi qu’au sein des films de copolymères, la phase ferroélectrique (FE) coexiste avec une phase ferroélectrique défective (DFE). La fraction croissante de cette phase DFE avec la teneur en TrFE permet d’expliquer l’évolution des propriétés thermiques dont la transition de Curie. Une transition structurale continue, de la phase DFE vers la phase paraélectrique (PE), en température a été mise en évidence.La teneur en termonomère CTFE influence fortement la structure cristalline et les propriétés électro-actives des films de terpolymères (disparition du caractère ferroélectrique au profit du caractère ferroélectrique relaxeur (RFE)). Nous prouvons pour la première fois l’existence d’une transition structurale continue entre la phase RFE et la phase PE au voisinage de la température ambiante. Cette transition permet d’expliquer les propriétés exacerbées de ces matériaux (constante diélectrique et déformation sous champ électrique). Enfin, des analogies de comportement entre les copolymères et les terpolymères sont discutées, notamment l’évolution des phases cristallines sous champ électrique, afin de mieux comprendre le fonctionnement de ces polymères électro-actifs pour leur futur développement au niveau industriel. / The relationship between semi-crystalline structure and properties of use (mechanical, dielectric and electroactive) of fluorinated copolymer films was studied for applications in organic electronics. Investigated materials are poly(VDF-co-TrFE) copolymers and poly(VDF-ter-TrFE-ter-CTFE) terpolymers based on vinylidene fluoride (TrFE), trifluoroethylene (TrFE) and chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE). Polymer films, obtained after solvent evaporation, are studied by X-ray diffraction (SAXS-WAXS), DSC, FTIR, DMA, dielectric spectroscopy and polarization cycles in order to highlight the impact of composition and processing (annealing, poling) on structure and final properties of material. We showed that the ferroelectric (FE) phase coexists with the defective ferroelectric (DFE) phase in copolymer films. The increasing fraction of DFE phase with TrFE content allows explaining the evolution of thermal properties. A continuous structural transition, from DFE phase to paraelectric (PE) phase was highlighted. The CTFE termonomer content highly influences the crystalline structure and the electro-actives properties of terpolymer films (loss of ferroelectric behavior in favor of relaxor ferroelectric (RFE) behavior).We proved for the first time the existence of a continuous structural transition between RFE phase and PE phase around room temperature. This transition allows explaining exacerbated properties of these materials (dielectric constant and deformation under electric field).Finally, analogies of behavior between copolymers and terpolymers are discussed, especially the evolution of crystalline phases under electric field, in order to better understand how these electro-active materials work for their future development at industrial level.

Accurate statistical characterization of nanomaterials is crucial for their use in emerging technologies. This work investigates how different structural characteristics of metal nanoparticles influence the line profiles of the corresponding powder diffraction pattern. The effects of crystallite size, shape, lattice dynamics, and surface strain are all systematically studied in terms of their impact on the line profiles. The studied patterns are simulated from atomistic models of nanoparticles via the Debye function. This approach allows for the existing theories of diffraction to be tested, and extended, in an effort to improve the characterization of small crystallites. It also begins to allow for the incorporation of atomistic simulations into the field of diffraction. Molecular dynamics simulations are shown to be effective in generating realistic structural models and dynamics of an atomic system, and are then used to study the observed features in the powder diffraction pattern. Furthermore, the characterization of a sample of shape controlled Pt nanoparticles is carried out through the use of a developed Debye function analysis routine in an effort to determine the predominant particle shape. The results of this modeling are shown to be in good agreement with complementary characterization methods, like transmission electron microscopy and cyclic voltammetry.