I denna studie kommer vi att undersöka det populära ramverket Xamarin. Xamarin är ett cross-platform ramverk som använder programmeringsspråket C# för att utveckla samma applikation för iOS, Android och Windows Phone. Studiens huvudsyfte är att genomföra en inledande explorativ studie där vi försöker att identifiera ett antal särskiljande aspekter mellan native- och Xamarin utveckling och dess slutprodukter.För att göra denna jämförelse har vi utvecklat tre applikationer: en native android applikation, en Windows Phone applikation i Xamarin, och en Android app-likation i Xamarin. Med hjälp av en litteraturstudie och utvecklingen av de ovan-nämnda applikationerna har de särskiljande aspekter observerats och identifieras.Resultatet av vår studie visar att native Android applikationen tar upp mindre plats i telefonen jämfört med Xamarin Android applikationen, medan Xamarin Win-dows Phone applikationen tar 1/6 mindre utrymme i telefonen jämfört med Xamarin Android applikationen. Ytterligare tester visar också att Xamarin Android appli-kationen tar längre tid att starta jämfört med native Android och Xamarin Winows Phone applikationen. / In this study, we will examine the popular framework Xamarin. Xamarin is a cross-platform framework that uses the C# programming language to develop the same application for iOS, Android and Windows Phone. The study's main purpose is to conduct an initial exploratory study in which we try to identify a number of distin-guishing aspects between native- and Xamarin development and its products. In order to make this comparison we developed three applications: one native android application, one Windows Phone application in Xamarin, and one Android application in Xamarin. With the help of a literature study and the development of the aforementioned applications, the distinctive aspects have been observed and identified.The result of our study shows that the native android application takes up less space in the phone compared to the Xamarin android application, whereas the Xamarin Windows Phone app takes 1/6 less space in the phone compared to the Xamarin android application. Further tests also show that the Xamarin android ap¬p-lication takes longer time to start-up than with the native Android and Xamarin Winows Phone applications.

Mobilindustrin är under ständig förändring vilket har lett till en fragmenterad marknad somsmåföretag har haft svårt att etablera sig i. Småföretag har haft problem med att utvecklakvalitativa applikationer till olika mobila plattformar. Anledningen är att det varitresurskrävande att utveckla native applikationer till flera plattformar och underhålla flerakodbaser. Till följd av detta har mindre företag oftast valt att utveckla webbapplikationer för attleverera tjänster som når ut till många konsumenter. Hybrida ramverk har på senare år etableratsig som en potentiell lösning för att utveckla mobila applikationer med högre prestanda ochfunktionalitet än webbapplikationer och samtidigt möjliggjort för utvecklare att dela kod mellanolika plattformar. I denna studie intervjuades anställda på tre mindre företag för att identifierakrav som småföretag anser vara viktiga vid val av ramverk för applikationsutveckling. Utifrånkraven jämfördes tre hybrida ramverk för att ta reda på vilket som passar småföretag. Resultatenvisade att småföretag är olika med varierande behov och att det inte finns ett specifikt ramverksom passar alla. Däremot konstaterades det att alla tre hybrida ramverk som jämfördes i studienvar tillräckligt sofistikerade att implementeras som potentiella lösningar. Med det sagt ärhybrida ramverken inte kompromisslösa. Applikationer som utvecklas med hybrida ramverkuppnår ännu inte samma prestanda som native applikationer och är inte plattformsoberoende isamma grad som webbapplikationer. / The mobile industry is constantly changing, which has led to a fragmented market that smallbusinesses have difficulties to successfully establish in. Small businesses have had problemswith developing qualitative applications for different mobile devices. The main reason is theresource intensive process to develop native applications for multiple platforms andmaintaining the different codebases. Thus, smaller companies have usually chosen to developweb applications to deliver services to a more widespread target audience. Hybrid frameworkshave established themselves as a potential solution for developing mobile applications withhigher performance and functionality than web applications, while allowing developers to sharecode between platforms. In this study, employees of three smaller companies were interviewedto identify shared requirements held by small businesses to select a framework for applicationdevelopment. Based on the requirements, three hybrid frameworks were compared with thepurpose to identify which one was most suitable for small businesses. The results showed thatsmall businesses are different with varying needs and that there is no specific framework thatsuits all companies. On the other hand, it was found that all three hybrid frameworks comparedin the study were sufficiently developed to be implemented as potential solutions. With thatsaid, hybrid frameworks are not without flaws. Applications developed with hybrid frameworksdoes not yet achieve the same level of performance as native applications and is not platformindependent to the same extent as web applications.

Image enhancement improves an image appearance by increasing dominance of some features or by decreasing ambiguity between different regions of the image. Image enhancement techniques have been widely used in many applications of image processing where the subjective quality of images is important for human interpretation. In many cases, the images have lack of clarity and have some effects on images due to fog, low light and other daylight effects exist. So, the images which have these scenarios should be enhanced and made clear to recognize the objects clearly. Histogram-based image enhancement technique is mainly based on equalizing the histogram of the image and increasing the dynamic range corresponding to the image. The Histogram equalization algorithm was performed and tested using different images facing the low light, fog images and colour contrast and succeeded in obtaining enhanced images. This technique is implemented by averaging the histogram values as the probability density function. Initially, we have worked with the MATLAB code on Histogram Equalization and made changes to implement an Application Program Interface i.e., API using Xamarin software. The mobile application developed using Xamarin software works efficiently and has less execution time when compared to the application developed in Android Studio. Debugging of the application is successfully done in both Android and IOS versions. The focus of this thesis is to develop a mobile application on Image enhancement using Xamarin on low light, foggy images.

The primary purpose of this study is to determine in which technology we have to develop an application depending on the features that we would like to include, in order to deliver the best value for a good price to the customers. Consequently, in this research we have described the capabilities, performance and limitations that we have found while using the different technologies. The empirical part of this study was conducted in the first semester of 2014/2015 at the Linnaeus University in Växjö (Sweden), supported by Softwerk Company. In conclusion, the thesis shows that the user experience with native apps is always better than using the web-based technologies, especially using maps, although the time and effort spent to develop them is higher. Cross-platform solutions can be very useful for simple apps, and also if the developer does not have a lot of time to develop them. The problem with this last kind of applications is that the performance is less than the native ones.

This text describes the process of creating a mobile application for sport club management and its everyday operations. The main goal of the application is to digitize and unite most of common activities in the sport club. Another goal is to create the user interface which will be primarily intuitive and simple to use while providing straightforward ways of usage during most important user use cases. The thesis studies principles for designing user interfaces, analyzes sports team environment and defines the requirements for a software product to support sports club management. The design of the solution follows the analysis of requirements as well as the description of the implementation of the resulting product and its publishing to the real sports club environment. The thesis ends with description of user testing methods and results of the testing which validate accomplishment of defined goals.

Selecting a suitable mobile application development framework is challenging. Multiple frameworks exist with respective strengths and weaknesses, and evaluations comparing the different frameworks are lacking. Each company and developer has its own demands and preferences, thereof, no single development framework poses as a suitable solution for every situation. This study is aimed at contributing to the current foundation of research by examining Android application development for handheld computers. By selecting promising cross-platform frameworks and comparing these with the native development framework for Android this study shows that cross-platform development frameworks can provide the tools required to build sufficient applications for handheld computers. This is particularly relevant for the developers affected by the termination of support for Windows Mobile. The findings of this study show that the frameworks Flutter and Xamarin both pose as promising alternatives to native development.

Denna avhandling beskriver hur en smartphone-baserad larm-applikation som ger säkrare resor för cyklister och löpare kan konstrueras. Genom att övervaka och utvärdera GPS-data från telefonen över tid skickar den föreslagna applikations-prototypen, namngiven till Are You OK App (AYOKA), automatiskt SMS-meddelanden och initierar telefonsamtal till kontakter i en lista konfigurerad av användaren när densamme har råkat ut för ett fall.I detta projekt härleds fall utifrån GPS-inaktivitet (när användarens geografiska koordinater är oförändrade inom ett valt tidsintervall). Detektion av GPS-inaktivitet, i kombination med att användaren inte har svarat, sätter igång larmfunktionen i applikationen. Projektet exemplifierar också hur implementeringen av ett flöde som delar data i ett moln, vilket använder Microsoft Azure som plattform, kan förbättra applikationens datainsamling avsevärt. Genom att använda en IoT Hub, Stream Analytics och en Azure SQL-databas, visar prototypen hur insamlad data kan centraliseras och potentiellt användas i framtida forskning inom övervakning och analys. Den testade prototypen visar ett förbättrat nöd- / säkerhetssystem som kan fungera i många olika sammanhang. Metoden för detektion passar relativt bra med fokus på cyklister och löpare eftersom dessa aktiviteter innebär att utövaren förflyttar sig, vilket i sin tur gör GPS-spårning effektiv. Några nackdelar som diskuteras är den höga grad av interaktion från användaren som behövs för att urskilja ett fall från en vald paus. För att möjliggöra detektering av fall från fysisk aktivitet som sker på en och samma geografiska plats, skulle det vara nödvändigt att i detekteringen använda data från accelerometer och gyroskop. I avhandlingen föreslås att prototypen, inklusive delnings-flödet för molndata, kan tjäna som ett ramverk för framtida system för smarta telefoner där fall-detektering använder sig av strömmad sensordata från enheten. / This thesis describes how a smartphone-based alarm application can be constructed to provide safer trips for cyclists and runners. Through monitoring and evaluating GPS data via the mobile device over time, the proposed application prototype, coined Are You OK App (AYOKA), automatically sends SMS messages and initiates phone calls to contacts in a user-configured list when a fall is detected. In this project, falls are inferred on the basis of GPS-inactivity (in this context defined as when the user’s geolocation has not changed within a selected time interval). Detection of GPS-inactivity, combined with a lack of response from the user, will trigger the alarming features of the application. The project also exemplifies how the implementation of a cloud data sharing flow, which uses Microsoft Azure as a platform, can significantly enhance the data gathering capabilities of the application. By utilizing an IoT Hub, Stream Analytics and an Azure SQL database, the prototype demonstrates how the gathered data can be centralized, and in future research could potentially be utilized for monitoring and analytical purposes. The method of detection performed relatively well with the focus on cyclists and runners since these activities involve changing of geographical coordinates, thereby making GPS-tracking effective. By focusing on detecting GPS-inactivity, it is argued that the prototype could potentially be utilized in other emergency scenarios apart from falls, such as being hit by a car. A disadvantage discussed includes the high degree of reliance on user participation to discern a fall from a voluntary pause. To enable detection of falls from physical activity occurring in one location, it would be necessary to incorporate data from accelerometer and gyroscope sensors into the current fall detection functionality. This thesis suggests that the prototype, including the cloud data sharing flow, can serve as a framework for future smartphone-based fall detection systems that use streamed sensor data.

Developing an application for several platforms can be time consuming because each platform has its own operating system and different developing language. Cross-platform development makes it possible to develop an ap-plication that will work on several platforms. This report will evaluate this kind of development by doing a case study for the company CGI. The case study will evaluate which cross-platform methodology is the preferred choice for this specific vacation booking application I developed for CGI. The different methodologies I studied were web, hybrid, interpreted and cross-compiled. The preferred methodology for this vacation booking application I developed was in this case the hybrid alternative. When selecting this methodology I also chose two different tools and those two were Icenium and jQuery Mobile. The purpose of this report was to find out if cross-platform development can be a substitute to native programming and by evaluating and developing cross-platform I found out that it can be a substitute if the application is not to complex. In this specific case I also believe that hybrid development is a good substitute to native development for this kind of applications.

During the last ten years the market for smartphones has grown drastically. Because of the current state of the market with different operating systems many smartphone applications need to be developed for several platforms. With this thesis, the goal was ultimately to contribute to the understanding of cross-platform development as a way of developing smartphone applications. React Native has been evaluated as a framework with which development is done for both Android and iOS using the same code. To study React Native as a framework, a smartphone application for Android and iOS was developed at an Uppsala based IT-company with expertise in web services, smartphone applications, and online gaming. Furthermore, performance tests and user tests were conducted in which React Native was compared to native applications and applications developed using Xamarin (similar cross-platform development framework owned by Microsoft). It was evident that using the same code for both Android and iOS was time saving. However, the performance tests results showed that applications developed with React Native did not perform as well as the native and Xamarin versions. Leading to the conclusion that choice of framework when developing cross-platform applications need to take into consideration performance, development time, and programming language preference.

This master thesiss goal is to map available tools for support of cross-platform native mobile app development. Main goal of thesis is to choose such tool and present it in form of app development. To accomplish this goal several criteria with different importance have to be defined. These criteria are used for choosing of most suitable tool. This thesis has two outputs. First one are criteria that can be used again or amended for some similar tool rating, like this one. Second output is cross-platform mobile app developed with Xamarin tool. Structure of this thesis copy secondary goals that support main goal: mobile OS are presented, name cross-platform native app is defined, define criteria, describe selected tools, rate them and demonstrate development of simple app on selected tool.