Global ETD Search

1	Growth studies of marine and terrestrial lignicolous fungi with special reference to laccase and other lignin-modifying enzyme activities of xylariaceous fungi / Luo, Wen. January 2005 (has links) (PDF) Thesis (Ph.D.)--City University of Hong Kong, 2005. / "Submitted to Department of Biology and Chemistry in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy" Includes bibliographical references (leaves 216-256) Xylariaceae. Laccase. Lignin. Enzymes.
2	Phylogenetic utility of ribosomal and protein-coding genes in Sordariomycetes systematics and evolutionary relationships within the Xylariaceae Tang, Ming-chak. January 2007 (has links) Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.
3	Phylogenetic utility of ribosomal and protein-coding genes in Sordariomycetes systematics and evolutionary relationships within theXylariaceae Tang, Ming-chak., 鄧銘澤. January 2007 (has links) published_or_final_version / abstract / Ecology and Biodiversity / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy Recombinant DNA. Pyrenomycetes - Genetics. Xylariaceae - Genetics. Phylogeny.
4	Ecological Roles of Fungal Endophytes Vandegrift, Andrew 27 October 2016 (has links) Endophytic fungi live within tissues of plant hosts without causing symptoms of disease. These fungi are broadly split into the taxonomically and ecologically cohesive Clavicipitaceous endophytes, which infect grasses, and the taxonomically diverse non-Clavicipitaceous endophytes, which are found in nearly all plants and have diverse ecological strategies. My dissertation has two sections: Section A investigates the intersection of Clavicipitaceous endophyte ecology with other ecological theory, including invasion ecology (Chapter II) and community ecology and climate change (Chapter III); Section B investigates the ecology of one group of non-Clavicipitaceous endophytes, the Xylariaceae, using a culture-based study in Ecuador (Chapter IV) and a next-generation sequencing based endophyte survey in Taiwan (Chapter V). Section B is centered on testing the Foraging Ascomycete (FA) hypothesis—the idea that some decomposer fungi may adapt an endophytic lifestyle to escape limitations in primary substrate in both time and space. In Chapter II, I utilized a host-specific Epichloë endophyte present ubiquitously in the European native range of the Pacific Northwest (PNW) invasive grass Brachypodium sylvaticum to test theories of invasion. In Chapter III, I examined the grass Agrostis capillaris in the context of a climate manipulation experiment in prairies in the PNW to elucidate patterns of interaction between multiple symbionts (Epichloë endophytes, dark septate root endophytes, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) within single hosts across climatic variation. In Chapter IV, I began to test the FA hypothesis by examining spatial relationships of Xylaria endophytic fungi in the forest canopy with Xylaria decomposer fungi on the forest floor in a remote Ecuadorian cloud forest. In Chapter V, I build on the results from the previous study, using a novel technique to examine spatial ecology of the Xylariaceae, pairing traditional mycological collection with the preparation of a next-generation sequencing metabarcode library of endophytes over a much greater area. This dissertation includes previously published and unpublished coauthored material. Endophytes Foraging Ascomycete Invasion Mycology Tropical Xylariaceae
5	Xylariaceae (Ascomycota) em áreas de Mata Atlântica nordestina e em herbários brasileiros Pereira, Jadergudson 31 January 2011 (has links) Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:05:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo9436_1.pdf: 11548688 bytes, checksum: ba228e5dfb34280c2306fe8a32604f8b (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia / Entre agosto de 2007 a junho de 2010 foram coletados 1.033 espécimes da família Xylariaceae em seis unidades de conservação de Mata Atlântica na Bahia, Paraíba e Pernambuco. Foram identificados 766 espécimes (74%) distribuídos nos gêneros Annulohypoxylon, Biscogniauxia, Camillea, Hypoxylon, Kretzschmaria, Nemania, Phylacia, Rosellinia, Stilbohypoxylon, Thamnomyces e Xylaria, nos quais se inseriram 48 táxons, sendo os mais representativos A. stygium, A. truncatum e B. numularia, com frequência absoluta de 62,08%, 11,78% e 34,57%, respectivamente. Neste estudo, registram-se novas ocorrências para os estados citados bem como para o Brasil. Oito novos táxons foram estabelecidos no período do estudo e outros estão em fase descrição atualmente. Adicionalmente, fez-se exame de 727 exsicatas de Xylariaceae depositadas nos herbários brasileiros CEPEC (Bahia), FLOR (Santa Catarina), ICN (Rio Grande do Sul), INPA (Amazonas), IPA (Pernambuco), MG (Pará), PACA (Rio Grande do Sul), SP (São Paulo) e URM (Pernambuco), nos quais foram identificados 622 espécimes pertencentes a 16 gêneros: Annulohypoxylon, Biscogniauxia, Camillea, Daldinia, Hypoxylon, Jumillera, Kretzschmaria, Kretzschmariella, Leprieuria, Nemania, Phylacia, Rhopalostroma, Stilbohypoxylon, Thamnomyces, Whalleya e Xylaria. Foram encontrados 102 táxons nas exsicatas examinadas, com destaque para Xylaria (31), Hypoxylon (28) e Annulohypoxylon (10). Foram sinonimizadas duas espécies de Hypoxylon descritas por A. C. Batista (H. calyptra = H. rubiginosum; H. vitalii = Whalleya maculata). Kretzschmaria curvirima, depositada no URM como K. spinifera, é relatada pela primeira vez para o Brasil Ascomycota Xylariaceae Diversidade Mata Atlântica Nordeste Brasil
6	NEW SPECIES AND RECORDS OF XYLARIACEAE AND THEIR ALLIES FROM GUYANA WITH EMPHASIS ON ELUCIDATING THE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY OF XYLARIA KARYOPHTHORA, A PUTATIVE PATHOGEN OF GREENHEART (CHLOROCARDIUM SPP.) SEEDS Dillon R Husbands (13787809) 19 October 2022 (has links) <p>Over the last two decades, mycoflorostic studies undertaken in Guyanese forests have uncovered hundreds of new fungal species and genera. One of the recovered fungal families was the Xylariaceae, although most were not identified to species. Members of this family play ecological roles as decomposers, endophytes, and pathogens of vascular plants and grass species. In addition, this group is increasingly recognized as a significant source of novel metabolic products with potential for applications in medicine, agriculture, and industrial biofuel. Given its potential, we took a more targeted approach to the documentation of this group. Our sampling efforts drawing on more than two decades of field collections yielded ca. 90 species in 12 genera, including a putative pathogen, <em>Xylaria karyophthora</em> of the seeds of <em>Chlorocardium</em> spp (Greenheart). Despite the significance of Greenheart to the Guyanese economy, little is known about the biology and ecology of this fungus. Due to the lack of available resources to study this fungus, our objectives were two-fold: first, to sequence and annotate the genome of <em>X. karyophthora</em> to provide a resource for genome-centric explorations, and to use this genome to infer the biology and ecology of this fungus. We focused on identifying and characterizing secretomes, viz. carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and secondary metabolites biosynthetic gene clusters (SMBGCs) to infer the nutritional strategy of this fungus. Our results suggest that <em>X. karyophthora</em> has the capacity to act as both an endophyte and a pathogen. To make further inferences about the population, we used SSR markers to elucidate the genetic diversity and population structure of <em>X. karyophthora</em>. <em>X. karyophthora</em> populations have high genetic diversity, potentially exploiting both outcrossing and inbreeding reproductive strategies, and demonstrate a pattern consistent with human-mediated spread. This work will contribute information on new species and records of Xylariaceous fungi and their allies from Guyana with particular emphasis on unraveling the epidemiology, genetic diversity, and population structure of <em>X. karyophthora.</em></p> Mycology CAZymes microsatellite Secondary metabolites Seed Pathogen Tropical Forest Xylariaceae
7	A study of certain members of the South African xylariaceae, with reference to the use of cultural characters in classification Martin, Philip Michael Dunlop January 1961 (has links) [Summary] Sixty-three species, drawn from the genera Rosellinia Hypoxylon, Nummularia, Daldinia, Penzigia and Xylaria, are studied in order to determine whether any correlation exists between various characters of the perfect stage and characters connected with the mycelium in artificial culture that might be used to supplement the existing classification of the Xylariaceae. An examination is made of the morphological and anatomical characters of several stromal types and a statistical method of evaluating differences in ascospore dimension between samples of closely related species is described. Cultural work shows that :- a) Each species group, based primarily on similarity of stromal form, has a characteristic set of cultural characters. b) Members within a Species group can usually be distinguished clearly in culture. The use of cultural characters as an additional criterion in classification is therefore recommended. Xylariaceae -- South Africa Hypoxylon Fungi -- South Africa -- Morphology Fungi -- South Africa -- Anatomy Fungi -- Classification Mycelium
8	Structure Elucidation of Bioactive Compounds Isolated from Endophytes of Alstonia scholaris and Acmena graveolens Hundley, Nicholas James 02 September 2005 (has links) (PDF) Alstonia scholaris is an evergreen tree native to Southeast Asia and Australia. It is commonly used as a medicinal plant throughout these regions. In the present study, an endophyte of the genus Xylaria was isolated from a stem of Alstonia scholaris, its mycelia and exudate extracted, and the extract assayed for growth inhibition of HeLa cancer cells in vitro. Several known compounds were isolated and identified based on NMR, infrared, and mass spectral data. The compounds identified are 19,20-epoxycytochalasin C; 19,20epoxycytochalasin D; and xylobovide. Two other compounds, fusaric acid and dehydrofusaric acid, were discovered in an endophyte of the Hypocreales family inhabiting the plant Acmena Graveolens. endophtye endophytes endophytic (endophyt) fungi fungal symbiosis rDNA ribosomal DNA fungal taxonomy ITS cytochalasins cytochalasans xylobovide fusaric acid dehydrofusaric acid xylaria xylariaceae rosellinia necatrix taxol HPLC NMR GC gas chromatography MS mass spectrometry (mass spec) IR infrared spectroscopy PCR natural products ethnobotany ethnomedicine COSY HMQC HMBC Biochemistry Chemistry

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