Esta tese retoma a problemática do acesso e da permanência na escola a partir da perspectiva da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) – modalidade que se coloca como uma alternativa para aqueles jovens e adultos que não obtiveram sucesso no desenvolvimento do percurso escolar na escola regular, seja por reprovações, seja pela evasão escolar. Em decorrência da identificação da presença significativa de jovens na Educação de Jovens e Adultos, o recorte do público foi composto pelos jovens, visando assim ao entendimento do processo de juvenilização da EJA. O estudo teve como objetivo central compreender como as redes sociais operam sobre a trajetória de vida dos jovens, influenciando a continuidade dos estudos na modalidade de Educação de Jovens e Adultos. A pesquisa desenvolveu-se em duas etapas. A primeira delas tratou da realização de um perfil dos estudantes da EJA/Ensino Médio em Porto Alegre, o qual apontou para a existência de uma maioria jovem nessa modalidade de ensino. A segunda etapa da coleta de dados consistiu na realização de entrevistas que retomaram as trajetórias de vida dos jovens estudantes da EJA, visando à identificação das redes de relações sociais que podem influenciar a continuidade ou a retomada dos estudos. Afirma-se, com base nos dados analisados, que as redes de relações sociais influenciam o processo de escolarização dos jovens de maneira a fazer com que retomem os estudos ou permaneçam na escola. A partir da análise realizada, foram identificados tipos de vínculos distintos que atuam sobre as trajetórias de vida, orientando a escolarização. Esses laços permitem novas formas de socialização por meio das redes de relações sociais. Foram identificados quatro tipos de redes, a saber: redes orientadas por projetos (desejo), redes familiares, redes orientadas por laços de amizade e redes institucionais. Os vínculos construídos podem ser de natureza forte, com influência forte ou fraca, ou de natureza fraca, com influência forte ou fraca, gerando formas de socialização que podem influenciar a continuidade dos estudos na EJA. / This thesis readdresses the problems involved in school access and retention rates from the perspective of Youth and Adult Education Programs in Brazil (EJA, acronym in Brazilian Portuguese). EJA is an alternative to young and adult students who did not achieve success in their development during regular school, whether due to failure or to evasion. Considering the significant presence of the youth in Youth and Adult Education Programs, the sample of research subjects is composed of young people, in order to provide some understanding of EJA’s juvenilization process. The main goal of this study was to understand how social networks work on the life stories of young people in terms of influencing the continuity of studies in EJA. The research was conducted in two phases. The first stage involved describing the profile of EJA/High School students in Porto Alegre, south of Brazil. The results point to the existence of a majority of young people among the students of this education form. The second stage of data collection consisted of interviews to retrieve the life stories of young EJA students so as to identify the social network relationships that may influence the continuity or the resumption of their studies. Based on the analyzed data, it is possible to claim that social relationship networks do influence the schooling process of the youth in a way to cause them to resume or continue their studies. The analysis identified distinct types of bonds that act on the subjects’ life stories as to orient them to schooling. Those ties allow new forms of socialization through the social network relationship. Four types of networks were identified: project-oriented (project-desire), friendship-oriented, family and institutional networks. The ties can be constituted of strong nature, with strong or weak influence, or weak nature, with strong or weak influence, generating forms of socialization that influence the continuity of young people’s studies in EJA.

Esta tese retoma a problemática do acesso e da permanência na escola a partir da perspectiva da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) – modalidade que se coloca como uma alternativa para aqueles jovens e adultos que não obtiveram sucesso no desenvolvimento do percurso escolar na escola regular, seja por reprovações, seja pela evasão escolar. Em decorrência da identificação da presença significativa de jovens na Educação de Jovens e Adultos, o recorte do público foi composto pelos jovens, visando assim ao entendimento do processo de juvenilização da EJA. O estudo teve como objetivo central compreender como as redes sociais operam sobre a trajetória de vida dos jovens, influenciando a continuidade dos estudos na modalidade de Educação de Jovens e Adultos. A pesquisa desenvolveu-se em duas etapas. A primeira delas tratou da realização de um perfil dos estudantes da EJA/Ensino Médio em Porto Alegre, o qual apontou para a existência de uma maioria jovem nessa modalidade de ensino. A segunda etapa da coleta de dados consistiu na realização de entrevistas que retomaram as trajetórias de vida dos jovens estudantes da EJA, visando à identificação das redes de relações sociais que podem influenciar a continuidade ou a retomada dos estudos. Afirma-se, com base nos dados analisados, que as redes de relações sociais influenciam o processo de escolarização dos jovens de maneira a fazer com que retomem os estudos ou permaneçam na escola. A partir da análise realizada, foram identificados tipos de vínculos distintos que atuam sobre as trajetórias de vida, orientando a escolarização. Esses laços permitem novas formas de socialização por meio das redes de relações sociais. Foram identificados quatro tipos de redes, a saber: redes orientadas por projetos (desejo), redes familiares, redes orientadas por laços de amizade e redes institucionais. Os vínculos construídos podem ser de natureza forte, com influência forte ou fraca, ou de natureza fraca, com influência forte ou fraca, gerando formas de socialização que podem influenciar a continuidade dos estudos na EJA. / This thesis readdresses the problems involved in school access and retention rates from the perspective of Youth and Adult Education Programs in Brazil (EJA, acronym in Brazilian Portuguese). EJA is an alternative to young and adult students who did not achieve success in their development during regular school, whether due to failure or to evasion. Considering the significant presence of the youth in Youth and Adult Education Programs, the sample of research subjects is composed of young people, in order to provide some understanding of EJA’s juvenilization process. The main goal of this study was to understand how social networks work on the life stories of young people in terms of influencing the continuity of studies in EJA. The research was conducted in two phases. The first stage involved describing the profile of EJA/High School students in Porto Alegre, south of Brazil. The results point to the existence of a majority of young people among the students of this education form. The second stage of data collection consisted of interviews to retrieve the life stories of young EJA students so as to identify the social network relationships that may influence the continuity or the resumption of their studies. Based on the analyzed data, it is possible to claim that social relationship networks do influence the schooling process of the youth in a way to cause them to resume or continue their studies. The analysis identified distinct types of bonds that act on the subjects’ life stories as to orient them to schooling. Those ties allow new forms of socialization through the social network relationship. Four types of networks were identified: project-oriented (project-desire), friendship-oriented, family and institutional networks. The ties can be constituted of strong nature, with strong or weak influence, or weak nature, with strong or weak influence, generating forms of socialization that influence the continuity of young people’s studies in EJA.

The purpose of this study was to research the early history of the Vancouver Talmud Torah, from 1913 to 1959, in order to determine how one group of Canadian Jews attempted to retain their separate identity while functioning in Canadian society. Two sources provided the bulk of the material for this study. Twenty-five interviews with former students, teachers, parents and Board members provided first-hand information and back issues of the Jewish Western Bulletin, the Vancouver Jewish community weekly newspaper, from 1925-1959 served as a written primary source. A book of minutes from 1944-1947 was also very useful in verifying facts. All of this information was then integrated with research on Jewish education in other parts of Canada, especially Western Canada, to establish the Vancouver Talmud Torah’s connection with similar efforts across Canada. There are two main divisions to this thesis. The first section covers the period from 19 13- 1948, during which time a group of Vancouver Jews dedicated themselves to the establishment and continuation of a Jewish afternoon school. The second section examines the first decade of the day school from 1948-1959 where a full program of Jewish and secular studies was offered to Jewish children during the regular school day. This study examines why the day school was set up. Some insights are also offered regarding whether both the afternoon and the day schools were successful in meetings the goals set out by the organizers and the needs of the community which it served. There is no easy way to determine the success or failure of a school. Many problems are beyond the control and scope of a school’s mandate. The findings of this research indicate that the Vancouver Talmud Torah endeavoured to provide the best possible Jewish education for its students under unfavourable conditions. The primary obstacle comes in comparing the quality of Jewish education in Vancouver with that in other major Jewish centres in Canada, because of the Vancouver Jewish community’s relative isolation from other communities and its small population. The shortage of qualified teachers and the lack of adequate teaching materials and professional development programs have made it difficult for the school to provide a Jewish studies program on the same level as its secular studies program (which was excellent). Furthermore, too much responsibility for the children’s Jewish education and identity had been placed on the school, with the family and community assuming a lesser role than it historically did. This has not only made the task of the Talmud Torah very difficult, it has also created a chasm between the school and the community, with the teachers and students left to battle it out in the middle. Therefore, under the circumstances, the Talmud Torah has provided the best possible Jewish education for its students. However, if the family and community would have maintained their responsiblity in guiding the religious and cultural education of their children, the Talmud Torah would have been in a much better position to fulfill its supplementary role in the education of Jewish children. It is interesting to note that the same comments could be made today, some 35 years later. / Education, Faculty of / Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of / Graduate

M.Ed. / This study was undertaken out of concern for the many youths in the community of Lotus Gardens who were involved in deviant and delinquent behaviour in and out of school. The findings of the essay describe possible factors that placed these youth at risk of dropping out of school and impacts on their social and emotional development. Their views regarding out-of-school programmes were investigated, as well as the different types of community programmes that could be introduced for the remediation and support of at risk youth. The research was carried out with seven at risk youth from the Lotus Gardens Secondary School who also resided in Lotus Gardens. The seven participants were interviewed in a focus group as well as individually. The data collected was analysed through open coding. The analysis brought to the fore numerous insights. The first was, that various factors combined to place youth at risk of dropping out of school. These could be broadly related to the family, the school, the environment, and the influence of peers. The second important insight, was that the entire school system needed to change to effectively address the complex problems faced by at risk youth. This included a change in the attitude of teachers and an amendment to the curriculum. The school itself, in future, needs to become more community orientated and function as a community facility to eliminate some root causes which place youth at risk. Thirdly, the inquiry showed that there was overwhelming support for the idea of community education programmes, not only to support at risk youth, but to assist youth in general, and parents and the community as a whole. The study revealed that through these programmes, stronger family ties would develop, thereby laying the foundation for a sense of community. This would address some of the factors that place youth at risk and may even eliminate others. In the light of the above analysis it is recommended that, from a community education perspective, the concept of a core-plus school, be given serious consideration. If considered, it could guide the community in addressing some of the social problems faced by the community, which would encompass the problem of at risk youth. Furthermore, in the long term, it would empower the community to address other social problems they might face in today's decadent world.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:24:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 celia_maria_paz_teixeira.pdf: 11058558 bytes, checksum: b4e1d05967ac249a8323a768527c6fc5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-27 / Through this research, we analyzed the arguments in the Essay writing genre, from a corpus consisting of twenty essays of students crossing East program at a state school in the municipality of Igarassu, state of Pernambuco, who have not completed high school in regular period would be to eighteen years of age. Considering the above, this research is justified by the need to look increasingly critical pedagogical practice of textual production, enabling new behaviors promoting education. The overall goal of this research is to verify to what extent students Crossing East use the argument in essay writing in interaction with the society of which they are part. Therefore, objectives are: to determine how students use Projeto Travessia Médio argumentation in writing school in interaction with the society of which they are part. For this purpose, specific objectives are: understand the types of arguments used by most students in newsrooms essay and identify the occurrence of cohesion and consistency in the arguments of the essays essay. Through these and other issues, we believe that we can find new teaching practices ruled in sociointeractionists paradigms. Thus, interest in this topic came from discussions during lectures and textual production in times of continuing education, in which different conceptions about teaching and learning were studied. Once, when we understand the arguments that students use to speak about a topic, we can reflect on issues of motivation for the critical position by the proposed themes and organization of the educational work of the teacher as facilitator of knowledge. Thus, we know that it is very important to reflect on activities that promote meaningful learning to construct arguments in the essay student essays. / Através desta pesquisa, analisou-se a argumentação no gênero textual redação, a partir de um corpus constituído por vinte redações dos alunos do programa Travessia Médio em uma escola estadual do município de Igarassu, estado de Pernambuco, que não concluíram o ensino médio no período regular que seria até dezoito anos de idade. Considerando o exposto, esta pesquisa se justifica pela necessidade de se olhar cada vez mais criticamente a prática pedagógica de produção textual, possibilitando novos comportamentos de promoção do ensino. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa é verificar em que medida os alunos do Travessia Médio usam a argumentação nas redações dissertativas em interação com a sociedade da qual fazem parte. Para tanto, são objetivos: verificar como os alunos do Projeto Travessia médio usam a argumentação na redação escolar em interação com a sociedade da qual fazem parte. Para tanto, são objetivos específicos: perceber os tipos de argumentação mais usados pelos alunos nas redações dissertativas e identificar a ocorrência da coesão e coerência nas argumentações das redações dissertativas. Através dessas e de outras questões, acreditamos que poderemos encontrar novas práticas didáticas pautadas nos paradigmas sociointeracionistas. Assim, o interesse por essa temática partiu das discussões realizadas durante as aulas de produção textual e em momentos de formação continuada, em que diferentes concepções sobre o ensino e a aprendizagem foram estudadas. Uma vez que, ao compreendermos os argumentos que os educandos usam para dissertar sobre um tema, poderemos refletir sobre questões relativas à motivação para o posicionamento crítico mediante as temáticas propostas e a organização do trabalho pedagógico do professor como mediador do conhecimento. Desta forma, sabemos que é muito importante refletirmos sobre atividades que promovam aprendizagens significativas para a construção das argumentações nas redações dissertativas dos alunos.

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This literature and interview-informed dissertation research sought to explore the educational experiences of a small sample of those who identify as part of the generation of Muslim youth in the United States who have come of age in “the age of terror,” precipitated by the September 11th terrorist attacks on the U.S. The research involved analyses and interpretations of selected literatures pertaining to seminal theories, histories, and discourses pertaining to U.S situated Muslim students in high schools. In addition, responses from seven Muslim high school students who describe how they see themselves, their schooling environments around them, and their place within that constructed world also contributed to this dissertation work. The researcher interrogated study participants’ descriptions garnered mostly via facilitations of interviews, and some student written narrative and poetry. Simultaneously, the researcher, who identifies as a queer Arab Muslim-American educator, reflexively interrogated her own assumptions, biases and expectations propelling and affecting her analyses and interpretations of study data. Themes of visibility and “coming out” as Muslim as well as of political structures, forms of oppression, namely Islamophobia, and school environments are all navigated as well as questioned through the perspectives of both students and the Arab-American Muslim educator-researcher. The research both creates and leaves spaces for further delvings into teacher education dominant notions of pedagogy, classroom images, and school communities. Additionally, this dissertation research offers possibilities for change in relation to conceptions of larger intersecting power structures that influence not only how the public perceives Muslim cultures but also on how these youth see themselves.

A review of financial literacy education programs in the United States revealed that the voices of youngsters, particularly urban adolescents enrolled in high school, are lacking in the discussion about financial literacy education. By neglecting the experiences with which these adolescents come to learn financial literacy, educational researchers, teachers, and policymakers are unwittingly limiting their educational outcomes. In this qualitative inquiry, the researcher prepared in-depth interviews and surveys conducted by the researcher to determine how 19 urban students at one high school perceived that financial literacy education could build on their personal literacies and expand their educational outcomes. In addition, the researcher prepared interview questions and provided them to a third-party company which included them in a survey it conducted of adolescents throughout the United States to determine how they perceived financial literacy education could build on their personal literacies and expand their educational outcomes. The overarching finding of this study was that the adolescents’ financial literacy education should focus on their self-identified goals rather than on financial literacy topics prescribed by a financial literacy program. Furthermore, financial literacy education should integrate adolescents’ everyday experiences from outside the classroom into their in-class educational experiences. Recommendations offered for teachers and policymakers, adolescents, and future researchers. Given multiple factors that affect culturally and socially responsive and engaging financial literacy experiences for adolescents, consideration of the appropriateness of recommendations should take place on an individual basis.

This study utilizes qualitative narrative inquiry methods to explore the cultural experiences in higher education of rural students from poor and working-class backgrounds. These explorations occurred through individually interviewing seven rural, poor and working-class student participants, conducting focus group interviews with all participants, and reading through journal entries written by each participant, all centered around their journeys to and through college. Drawing upon cumulative disadvantage theory and definitions of and theory around culture across psychology, sociology, and anthropology, this study engaged a cumulative disadvantage, culture-based framework – intertwining cultural flexibility, cultural integration, and cultural capital and wealth – to explicate the higher education experiences of students who held the dual and compounding identities of being both rural and poor or working-class. Through doing so, this study addresses: 1) how rural, poor and working-class students culturally experience – both uniquely and collectively – higher education; 2) how, if at all, rural, poor and working-class students transition into and navigate higher education institutional cultures; and 3) how, if at all, such cultural experiences, transitions, and navigations play a role in those students’ higher education attainment. This study’s findings included two components. First, a narrative was written about each student’s experience coming from their rural, poor and working-class family and community into and through higher education. These narratives offered unique stories about the students’ personal experiences in higher education, including their academic, co-curricular, social, and professional experiences. Second, paradigmatic analysis was conducted, highlighting shared themes across the narratives. Through explicating the narratives and themes through a cumulative disadvantage, culture-based framework, this study suggests that: 1) rural, poor and working-class students hold two disadvantaged identities and background factors of being both rural and poor or working-class, which are minoritized and marginalized by higher education institutions; 2) as students with these dual rural and poor and working-class identities and background factors experience, transition into, and navigate higher education, they traverse campus cultural contexts that feel different from and at odds with their rural, poor and working-class upbringings; 2) the cultural experiences for rural, poor and working-class students in college are complex, as these students engage in cultural flexibility and cultural integration, while also gaining cultural capital and utilizing cultural wealth; 3) such cultural processes can play a role in higher education attainment for rural, poor and working-class students, given that they utilize various cultural tools to find success in higher education all the way to completion of their degrees. This study concludes with implications for theory, research, and practice and policy. In particular, this study contributes to cumulative disadvantage and cultural theory, as well as future research ideas around how to study rural, poor and working-class students in higher education and the cultural experiences of other minoritized and marginalized student populations. Regarding practice and policy, I note the importance of higher education practitioners and policymakers recognizing and valuing rurality and social class, communicating higher education norms and processes to rural students from poor and working-class backgrounds, continuing outreach and support programs for rural, poor and working-class students, creating and fostering community for this population, and acknowledging the compounding and cumulative nature of rurality, social class, and additional social identities. Keywords: higher education, culture, cumulative disadvantage, rurality, social class, college attainment

Youth engage in high-risk sexual behaviors, placing them at risk for human immunodeficiency virus, sexually transmitted infections, unintended pregnancy, and other unwanted sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes. Alarmingly, Black and Hispanic/Latinx adolescents who are houseless are more likely to engage in high-risk sexual behaviors and are disproportionately affected by these outcomes. Sex education can equip Black and Hispanic/Latinx adolescents who are houseless with the knowledge and skills to protect their SRH. Disturbingly, sex education is not mandated to be taught in all U.S. schools. Therefore, it is critical for parents to provide sex education to their teens. However, most parents do not possess the knowledge and skills to educate their teens about sex education. Specifically, parent-child communication about the topic may be lacking. Research shows that parent-child communication regarding sex and dating is associated with fewer risky sexual behaviors. Thus, parents must be armed with the knowledge and skills necessary to help them effectively communicate evidence-based sex education topics to their teens. Borrowing from the case study methodology, the overarching purpose of this dissertation was to elicit parental input for the design, feasibility, and content of a potential parent-based sex education program among parents living or who lived in homeless shelters and transitional housing in New York City (NYC). Specifically, this study aimed to (i) conduct a scoping review on parent-based sex education interventions that include parental involvement in the program and parental input in the planning or design process; (ii) administer needs assessment questionnaires to collect information on program input and parental attitudes, beliefs, and views about sex education and the program; and (iii) conduct semi-structured qualitative interviews to further collect specific information on program input and understand parental attitudes, beliefs, and views about sex education and the program. The scoping review of the literature confirmed the absence of parent-based sex education programs in homeless shelters and transitional housing in the country. From the needs assessment questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, participants highlighted the need for an accessible, convenient, and flexible parent-based sex education program. Furthermore, parents yearned for interactive and fun ways of learning sex education topics with various participants. Lastly, study participants endorsed comprehensive and inclusive information about life skills and sex education being included in the parent-based program.