Client satisfaction is an outcome measure of quality care. Therefore, health care providers (HCP) have a responsibility to provide quality care services in order to satisfy clients’ health needs. The aim of this study was to establish the satisfaction level of persons with disabilities regarding health services provided at primary health care centres (PHCC) in Ndola, Zambia. The study employed a crosssectional descriptive design and quantitative research method. The sample comprised 200 male and female persons with disabilities aged between 18-65 years old, selected using a convenience sampling technique. The clients were health care service beneficiaries from four PHCCs and four community based rehabilitation centres (CBR). The self-administered General Practice Assessment Questionnaire (GPAQ) was used to collect data on client satisfaction.The results showed that majority of clients were dissatisfied with availability of health services. There was a significant association between care providers’ skills and clients’ satisfaction level at p<0.0001. There is need to increase and assign specifically trained health professionals to health centres. Besides this, a multi-disciplinary approach that incorporates other professionals might help to deliver quality care services to persons with disabilities.

Rural electrification is a critical tool for accelerating and enhancing development throughout Sub-Saharan Africa. The challenge for modern policymakers is to identify and implement programs that will effectively facilitate rural electrification. This analysis develops a model for comparing the performance of nations' electrification policies using a fixed effects regression model based on World Bank data from 1990, 2000 and 2010. To identify the key policies for driving rural electrification, this analysis then compares the programs and reforms employed in six nations from Sub-Saharan Africa. As a result, three reform measures are identified that are conditional on outside factors for their contribution to success, and three universal policies are identified that may be broadly applied to improve rural electrification throughout the region.

Background: To address the huge human resources for health (HRH) crisis that Zambia and other low and middle income countries (LMICs) are experiencing, most LMICs have engaged the services of small scale community-based health worker (CBHW) programmes. However, several challenges affect the CBHWs’ ability to deliver services. Integration of national CBHW programmes into health systems is an emerging innovative strategy for addressing the challenges. Integration is important because it facilitates recognition of CBHWs in the national primary health care system. However, the integration process has not been optimal, and a more comprehensive understanding of the factors that shape the integration process is lacking. This study aimed at addressing this gap by analysing the integration process of national CBHW programmes in health systems in LMICs, with a special emphasis on Zambia. Methodology: This was a qualitative study that used case study and systematic review study designs. The case study focused on Zambia and analysed the integration processes of Community Health Assistants (CHAs) into the health system at district level (Papers I-III). Data collected using key informant interviews, participant observation, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were analysed using thematic analysis. The systematic review analysed, using thematic and pathways analysis, the integration process of national CBHWs into health systems in LMICs (Brazil, Ethiopia, India and Pakistan)-(Paper IV). The framework on the integration of health innovations into health systems guided the overall analysis. Results: Factors that facilitated the integration of CHAs into the health system in Zambia included the HRH crisis which triggered the willingness by the Ministry of Health to develop and support implementation of the integration strategy-the CHA strategy. In addition, the attributes of the CHA strategy, such as the perceived competence of CHAs compared to other CBHWs, enhanced the community’s confidence in the CHA services. Involvement of the community in selecting CHAs also increased the community’s sense of programme ownership. However, health system characteristics such as limited support by some support staff, supply shortages as well as limited integration of CHAs into the district governance system affected CHAs’ ability to deliver services. In other LMICs, as in Zambia, the HRH problems necessitated the development of integration strategies. In addition, the perceived relative advantage of national CBHWs with regard to delivering health services compared to the other CBHWs also facilitated the integration process. Furthermore, the involvement of community members and some politicians in programme processes enhanced the perceived legitimacy, credibility and relevance of programmes in other LMICs. Finally, the integration process within the existing health systems enhanced programme compatibility with health system elements such as financing. However, a rapid scale-up process, resistance from other health workers, ineffective incentive structures, and discrimination of CBHWs based on social, gender and economic status inhibited the integration process of national CBHWs into the health systems. Conclusion: Strengthening the integration process requires fully integrating the programme into the district health governance system; being aware of the factors that can influence the integration process such as incentives, supplies and communication systems; clear definition of tasks and work relationships; and adopting a stepwise approach to integration process.

No description available.

Natural resources play a critical role in the welfare of developing countries. In Zambia, even though its vast natural resources have been important to its economy as well as its people, their exploitation has resulted in severe land and environmental degradation in most parts of the country. Reliable information as to the exact extent and degree of natural resources problems is critically lacking. For effective control and management of these natural resources problems, timely, up‐to‐date, accurate and complete spatial data are needed. The integrated application of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing to model natural resources management data, especially at regional level, is presented in this dissertation. Three case studies in Zambia are presented and free, internet‐based, datasets are used to demonstrate the application of GIS to support natural resource management decisions in Zambia. The results of the case studies show that while data‐gathering obstacles remain in the use of GIS in Zambia, the systems can be used successfully to fill gaps in decision‐making in natural resources management. The results of the case studies have been used to make recommendations as a way forward for the use of GIS and remote sensing data in natural resource management in Zambia. Finally, selected technical issues associated with data access, data incompatibility and data accuracy are identified as important areas of future research.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Michigan State University, 1987. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 268-276).

Thesis (MScFor (Forest and Wood Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / jfl2010 / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The past forest management strategies in Zambia did not allow participation of local communities in the management of Forest Reserves and sharing of benefits. The Zambia forest sector was reviewed between 1987 and 1997 culminating into the National Forestry Policy of 1998 and Forests Act of 1999, which provided for joint or participatory forestry management and share of derived benefits. In 2000, the Forestry Department initiated a pilot project to develop and implement JFM. This study was conducted in Dambwa JFM area in Livingstone to evaluate local people’s participation in JFM; perceptions on the effect of JFM on local livelihoods; and the impact of JFM on forest condition. The study was conducted through the use of household questionnaires, interviews with key informants, focus group discussions, field observation, and vegetation assessment. The results showed that more than half (68%) of the respondents were aware of JFM and almost the same number (64%) participated in JFM project. Participation of men in JFM activities was higher than women, although more women attended meetings than men. The results further showed that local management structures existed at district, forest area and village levels for coordination of JFM activities. Forest User Groups (FUGs) were also established in the area. The prominent FUG was the Mungongo oil pressing and was the only FUG functional at the time of the study. Forest Management Committee, Village Resources Management Committee and FUG members were found to be more involved in JFM activities than other members of the local community. Only a small number (8%) of local people reported improvement in household socio-economic conditions after the introduction of JFM, while the majority (79%) perceived the Forestry Department to be the major beneficiary in the JFM. The study revealed that there was a loss of enthusiasm in JFM among local people largely due to the absence of economic benefits and limited decision-making powers. However, the relationship between local people and Forestry Department was reported to have improved. The overall forest stocking was found to be low (219 SPH) with nearly all (90%) of the stems below 30 cm DBH, including the selected valuable tree species of Baikiaea plurijuga, Pterocarpus angolensis, Guibourtia coleosperma, Afzelia quanzensis and Colophospermum mopane. This implies that the forest area was previously overexploited rendering it uneconomical for commercial exploitation to provide benefits to local people on sustainable basis. However, the results showed a lot of saplings (10,000 SPH) in the Forest Reserve signifying adequate regeneration, including that of the valuable species, except for Afzelia quanzensis and Guibourtia coleosperma. The abundant natural regeneration implies that there was adequate forest protection and management following the introduction of JFM, which enhances regeneration. It is recommended that the Forestry Department should continue with public awareness on JFM to increase understanding and stakeholders’ involvement. The Forests Act of 1999 should be commenced and amended to support full implementation of JFM. The value of the forest also needs to be enhanced to increase benefit for local people and long-term conservation.

This thesis dedicates to implementation of the boys' orphanage in developing country. The project belongs to Little Noah Foundation, while significant partner for direct realization is non-government organization Njovu. This thesis is classically created by theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part defines frequented concepts, informs about actual situation in the country, especially in west province of Zambia, and contains information about organizations participated into this project. The practical part continues to theoretical knowledge, defines goal and methodology of thesis and mainly presents results of its. The goal, which follows this thesis, is to map out the progress of boys' orphanage in Mongu. In the line with the thesis they are asked these research questions: Why was this boys' orphanage established in Mongu? How was the project progressing? What are the results of the project? I have chosen qualitative research to answer the research questions. During my residence there and active participating to realization of project (February December 2014) I have used methods of observation, questioning and analysis of the data. The results of this thesis are created by profound SWOT analysis of the project, approach of personal securing, describing of process of intake of children and case reports of adopted children, whose value is in demonstrating of local social reality. Numerous supplements illustrate presented information. Discussion summarizes and recapitulates results and their outputs are recommendations and notices for similar starting projects. Very important aspect for whole thesis is to implant it into the context of very different conditions. The contribution of the project is especially in promoting of family model of childcare in institution. Family character of this orphanage is specified by relatively low number of children and the caregivers are married couple with two own children. This thesis brings interrelated and concrete and detailed information about whole project and its progress. This thesis may be used like source of information about concrete project, like documentation of start of Little Noah Children's Home and as well it can be some kind of inspiration for similar projects in developing countries.

The subject of “unreached people” is still debated in Christian circles. Given the vast resources of the Church, it is difficult to understand that there are still people unreached by the gospel. This study views that part of the reason for this is that there is an unequal distribution of Christian mission resources. It thus critically examines the reasons that have been advanced to explain this unequal distribution. Next, it makes an in-depth study of one particular church in Zambia, namely the Pentecostal Assemblies of God (Zambia), which has more than 1400 congregations across the country, by looking at the initiatives it has taken towards reaching the unreached. Chapter 5 reveals that the lack of a clear mission policy and the autonomy of congregations contribute to an unequal distribution of mission resources in the PAOG (Z). The dissertation uses the “praxis cycle” to structure its theoretical framework and research methodology. / Christian Spiritual Church History and Mission / MTH (MSN)