Tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti veiksnius, turinčius įtakos bilirubino koncentracijai naujagimio kraujyje, ir nustatyti kriterijų, kuriuo remiantis galima prognozuoti naujagimių hiperbilirubinemiją esant ABO antigeniniam netapatumui. Tyrimo uždaviniai: įvertinti motinos ir naujagimio veiksnius, turinčius įtakos naujagimio bilirubino koncentracijai kraujo serume 6 gyvenimo valandą; ištirti veiksnius, turinčius įtakos bilirubino koncentracijos naujagimio kraujo serume pokyčiui pirmą–trečią gyvenimo parą bei pokyčio prognozinę vertę; nustatyti bilirubino koncentracijos kraujo serume, hematokrito, retikulocitų, sferocitų kiekių ir tiesioginės Kumbso reakcijos vertę prognozuojant naujagimių hiperbilirubinemiją, esant ABO antigenininiam netapatumui; palyginti invazinį ir neinvazinį bilirubino koncentracijos nustatymo metodus esant ABO antigeniniam netapatumui; įvertinti perkutaninės bilirubinometrijos vertę diagnozuojant naujagimių hiperbilirubinemiją esant ABO antigeniniam netapatumui. / The aim of the study was to assess the factors influencing neonatal bilirubin level and to establish predictive criteria of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in ABO antigenic incompatibility. The tasks to be carried out were as follows: to establish maternal and neonatal factors influencing neonatal total serum bilirubin at the age of 6 hoursTo establish the factors influencing the change of neonatal total serum bilirubin on days 1-3 of life and to identify the predictive value of this change. To establish the value of total serum bilirubin, hematocrit, reticulocyte, spherocyte and direct Coomb’s test in prognosing neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in ABO incompatibility, to compare non-invasive and invasive methods of total serum bilirubin assessment in the case of ABO incompatibility.

Background: One of the largest direct selling companies Amway "AmericanWay", which has its foothold in the market economy by means of direct trade. This means that the marketing is in the form of a network made up of various individuals who work together to advertise the company on to various potential customers. Aim: The survey aims to study the factors that are affecting the company Amway's growth. Completion: The survey is based on analyzing the interviews. The authors have relied on the qualitative method, where they have focused on how growth has increased the company Amway. Results: The results of this study are that Amway gradually managed to establish themselves globally thanks to the quality of the products they sell in a functioning market. The study also shows that all member customers are satisfied with the goods they buy from ABO groups, and that Amway's structure is not based on a pyramid scheme.

Thesis (doctoral)--Lund University, 1997. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.

Thesis (doctoral)--Lund University, 1997. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.

Medical lab work, such as blood testing, will one day be near instantaneous and inexpensive via capabilities enabled by the fast growing world of microtechnology. In this research study, sorting and separation of different ABO blood types have been investigated by applying alternating and direct electric fields using class=SpellE>dielectrophoresis in microdevices. Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microdevices, fabricated by standard photolithography techniques have been used. Embedded perpendicular platinum (Pt) electrodes to generate forces in AC dielectrophoresis were used to successfully distinguish positive ABO blood types, with O+ distinguishable from other blood types at >95% confidence. This is an important foundation for exploring DC dielectrophoretic sorting of blood types. The expansion of red blood cell sorting employing direct current insulative class=SpellE>dielectrophoresis (DC-iDEP) is novel. Here Pt electrodes were remotely situated in the inlet and outlet ports of the microdevice and an insulating obstacle generates the required dielectrophoretic force. The presence of ABO antigens on the red blood cell were found to affect the class=SpellE>dielectrophoretic deflection around the insulating obstacle thus sorting cells by type. To optimize the placement of insulating obstacle in the microchannel, COMSOL Multiphysics® simulations were performed. Microdevice dimensions were optimized by evaluating the behaviors of fluorescent polystyrene particles of three different sizes roughly corresponding to the three main components of blood: platelets (2-4 µm), erythrocytes (6-8 µm) and leukocytes (10-15 µm). This work provided the operating conditions for successfully performing size dependent blood cell insulator based DC dielectrophoresis in PDMS microdevices. In subsequent studies, the optimized microdevice geometry was then used for continuous separation of erythrocytes. The class=SpellE>microdevice design enabled erythrocyte collection into specific channels based on the cell’s deflection from the high field density region of the obstacle. The channel with the highest concentration of cells is indicative of the ABO blood type of the sample. DC resistance measurement system for quantification of erythrocytes was developed with single PDMS class=SpellE>microchannel system to be integrated with the DC- class=SpellE>iDEP device developed in this research. This lab-on-a-chip technology application could be applied to emergency situations and naturalcalamities for accurate, fast, and portable blood typing with minimal error.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-05-16Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:31:22Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 carvalho_db_me_sjrp.pdf: 1649413 bytes, checksum: 0ac4714a8b68e2f57418348441007ee7 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O sistema sangüíneo ABO (sABO) é o mais importante sistema na compatibilidade de grupos sangüíneos. Muitas pesquisas têm mostrado associações deste sistema com várias doenças infecciosas, inclusive a malária. Este estudo avaliou a associação entre os genótipos do sistema histo-sangüíneo ABO e a malária não grave causada pelo Plasmodium falciparum. A genotipagem dos grupos sangüíneos do sistema ABO foi feita de acordo com o protocolo de PCR/ RFLP, em amostras de indivíduos maláricos e não maláricos de áreas da Amazônia brasileira. O genótipo homozigoto ABO*O01O01 foi prevalente tanto nos maláricos quanto nos doadores de sangue. O genótipo ABO*AB representou cerca de 3% da população infectada e 5% da não infectada. Não foram verificadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes na comparação das freqüências alélicas e genotípicas do sABO entre pacientes e grupo controle, mesmo quando foram analisados apenas indivíduos com infecções puras de P. falciparum. A freqüência do sABO na Amazônia brasileira pode estar relacionada com a baixa freqüência de malária grave pelo P. falciparum. Portanto, os genótipos encontrados no sistema ABO dos indivíduos maláricos e não maláricos pode promover relevantes informações, para o entendimento da epidemiologia da malária grave por P. falciparum na Amazônia brasileira. / The ABO blood system (sABO) is the most important system on the blood groups compatibility. Several studies have shown its associations with various infectious diseases, including malaria. This study evaluated the association between the ABO histo-blood genotypes and non-severe malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. PCR/RFLP protocol had be used for both ABO blood group system genotyping in malaria suffering individuals and blood donors, from malaria areas of the Brazilian Amazon. The homozygous genotype ABO*O01O01 was prevalent in both malaria and the blood donors. The genotype ABO*AB represented about 3% of the infected population and 5% of non-infected. No statistically significant differences were observed in sABO genotypic and allelic frequencies of patients and the control group, even when individuals were analyzed only with pure infection of P. falciparum. The frequency of sABO in the Brazilian Amazon may be related to the low frequency of non-severe malaria P. falciparum. Therefore, the genotypes found in the ABO blood system in malaric and non-malaric individuals can promote relevant information for the understanding of the severe malaria by P. falciparum epidemiology in the Brazilian Amazon. Keywords: Malaria; ABO blood group system; Plasmodium falciparum.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第21683号 / 医博第4489号 / 新制||医||1036(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 河本 宏, 教授 玉木 敬二, 教授 髙折 晃史 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

The clinical significance of ABO blood group is evident and universally accepted with regards to blood transfusion and pregnancy; however, the importance of ABO blood group as it relates to other diseases or disorders and overall mortality is not fully understood by the scientific community. Many studies have suggested associations between blood groups and disease, but consensus has not been reached regarding overall survival or longevity. This epidemiological, retrospective review of ABO blood group and age at the time of death in a hospitalized population in the Southeastern United States is the first multi-site study to examine this relationship. The study population was 56% male, 63.4% White, 31.0% Black and 2.1% Hispanic. Over half (61.1%) of the population had been transfused with red blood cells within one year of death. Overall, group O (46.6%) was the most prevalent ABO blood group, followed by group A (36.8%), Group B (12.9%) and group AB (3.7%). The population exhibited differences in the frequencies of ABO blood groups across the races, with the Hispanic population having the highest prevalence of group O (71.2%) and the Black and Asian populations having higher frequencies of group B (22.2% and 23.1% respectively) when compared to the overall population distribution. Lifespan ranged from 0 to 110 with a mean age at death of 58.7 years. While some differences in the mean age at death were noted across ABO blood groups, the main effect of ABO blood group on lifespan did not reach statistical significance when controlling for race, gender and history of red blood cell transfusion. These results contradict other studies that found an association between a particular ABO blood group and lifespan. Future work should consider including cause of death or primary disease as potential confounders and targeting expanded populations over a wider geographic area to increase generalizability and racial diversity.

Orientador: Elenice Deffune / Resumo: Biossensores são aparelhos de análises que combinam componentes biológicos com detectores físico-químicos. É possível interpretar e disponibilizar os resultados de uma forma de fácil interpretação ao usuário ou até associá-los de forma automática a uma rede de dados. O termo internacional "biosensor" tem sido usado de forma crescente em publicações científicas desde 1980, demonstrando a importância e interesse científico mundialmente sobre este conceito. Em questão de mercados, há relatórios que indicam que biossensores movimentaram mais de 220 bilhões de dólares mundialmente ano passado. Point-of-care (POC) trata da ideia de se realizar atendimento e exames próximos ao paciente, trazendo como vantagem: diagnóstico mais rápido, preciso e menos propenso a erros ou troca de dados. Os biossensores são capazes de prover resultados em menor tempo além de possibilitar seu transporte até o paciente independentemente de onde esteja. O propósito deste trabalho é utilizar os anticorpos anti-hemoglobina do tipo A tipo B e tipo AB adquiridos no mercado, para desenvolver um imunossensor capaz de realizar a tipagem sanguínea de forma rápida, precisa e com resultados objetivos em plataformas digitais. No início a pesquisa se mostrou promissora pois a utilização de eletrodos de platina com pirrol foi capaz de fixar os anticorpos e o tempo de incubação para obtenção de resultados que diferenciassem os grupos sanguíneos foi definido em 10 minutos, o que é considerado um tempo adequado para ess... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Mestre

Migration has accompanied human beings almost from the start. The reasons to migrate are of various character but two things have always been in common – people migrate because of political and/or economic disparities. Sweden has begun to receive immigrants only after WWII. The immigrants belonged to various groups – they belonged to war victims, they belonged to labour market and last but not least they came to Sweden because they were forced to do so. Refugees (as one calls them) have been arriving in Sweden since 1970s and this tendency continues up till today. In our research we wish to analyse the policy of own accommodation (eget boende or EBO) which is a Swedish way to receive and assimilate refugees. We would like to research how EBO is being managed at a level of different public organisations (both municipal and state ones), how it is felt and experienced. We would also get to know if there are any ways to improve EBO (assuming that it is the case). To do our research we have decided to interview a number of public officers in a medium large city in the south of Sweden.