The theory of redistribution systems is a practical extension of a game theory, which deals with a redistribution within a social system of more than two players with di?erent performances and ability to create coalitions. This thesis is divided into three chapters. The ?rst chapter describes the known knowledge of a game theory. The second chapter deals with the theory of redistribution systems. Using an elementary redistribution system and its generalization group behaviour when dividing a payment, achieved by a collective performance, is described. This part introduces the extension of the redistribution system to a compound redistribution system with a fractal structure. Furthermore the theory of discriminatory equilibrium and the theory of commonly acceptable equilibrium are veri?ed using the elementary redistribution system and utility theory. The third chapter deals with an application to the allocation of funds among faculty departments. A game theory approach was used to reduce the game to a non-cooperative game of two players by using the forming of coalitions. Also the theory of redistribution systems was applied when a reduction was used to create a non-cooperative two-player game. This reduced non-cooperative game between two players was converted to a cooperative play of more than two players by changing the rules of the game and allowing a formation of coalitions. In the practical part both of these approaches are compared with real data and a current state.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2016-06-21T19:03:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Henrique Naoki Shimabukuro.pdf: 1369424 bytes, checksum: 0a2567715985b97b39349f93f9f3c4cb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-21T19:03:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Henrique Naoki Shimabukuro.pdf: 1369424 bytes, checksum: 0a2567715985b97b39349f93f9f3c4cb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-15 / The use of chemical products and dangerous chemicals, known as hazardous materials or hazmats, increased with the development around the world. The industrial poles that consume these products have spread through developed and developing countries, including Brazil. This resulted in a growing quantity of chemicals and hazardous products transported on the streets, avenues and highways of the country. An immediate result was an expansion of road transportation of these substances, the increase of accidents with hazmat transportation and consequent rising in the risk to the highway and to the nearby population with these accidents. Considering the above, national and international literature was researched with the objective to find for tools that can make an analysis and evaluation of the risk to the highway and population living near these accidents with hazmat, besides the possibility of choice for other rotes as form of prevention to these accidents and a decrease in risk and cost. It was used four mathematical equations that were able to be analyzed through the data provided by two active highway concessionaires in São Paulo state, the concessionaire Auto Pista Arteris Régis Bittencourt (Régis Bittencourt highway) and the concessionaire Rota das Bandeiras (Corredor Dom Pedro, a set of highways from the city of Campinas, which the main highway is Dom Pedro I). These information, though they were not complete, in the sense that they were not totally provided as requested, were able to be applied in the mathematical equations. Despite some limitations, the resulting evaluation showed that these mathematical sentences can be utilized in highway and nearby population risk analysis and for the possibility of the choice for new routes, but it also requires an improvement of the database, especially the public and highway concessionaire databases. / O uso de produtos químicos e produtos químicos perigosos, chamados hazardous materials, aumentou com o desenvolvimento industrial. Os pólos industriais consumidores desses produtos aumentaram nos países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento, incluindo o Brasil. Isto resultou na crescente quantidade de produtos químicos e produtos químicos perigosos transportados nas ruas, avenidas e rodovias do país. Um resultado imediato foi a expansão do transporte rodoviário dessas substâncias, crescimento do número de acidentes no transporte rodoviário de produtos perigosos (PP) e consequente aumento do risco à rodovia e à população lindeira com esses acidentes. Diante disso, pesquisou-se a literatura nacional e internacional com o objetivo de buscar por ferramentas que possam proporcionar a análise, e avaliação dos riscos à rodovia e à população adjacente aos acidentes com PP nas rodovias, além da possibilidade de escolha de outras rotas como forma de prevenção a esses acidentes e diminuição de riscos e custos. Utilizaram-se quatro equações matemáticas que puderam ser analisadas por intermédio de dados fornecidos por duas concessionárias de rodovias atuantes no estado de São Paulo, a Concessionária Auto Pista Arteris Régis Bittencourt (Rodovia Régis Bittencourt) e a Concessionária Rota das Bandeiras (Corredor Dom Pedro, conjunto de rodovias na região da cidade de Campinas, cuja principal rodovia é a Rodovia Dom Pedro I). Essas informações, embora não tenham sido completas, no sentido de não terem sido fornecidos na totalidade do que foi solicitado, puderam ser aplicadas às equações matemáticas. Apesar de algumas limitações, as avaliações resultantes mostram que essas sentenças matemáticas podem ser utilizadas na análise de risco das rodovias, do risco à população lindeira e para a possibilidade de escolha de novas rotas, mas isso também requer melhora do banco de dados, sobretudo públicos e das concessionárias de rodovias.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), an important neural growth factor, has gained growing interest in neuroscience, but many influencing physiological and analytical aspects still remain unclear. In this study we assessed the impact of storage time at room temperature, repeated freeze/thaw cycles, and storage at 80 C up to 6 months on serum and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-plasma BDNF. Furthermore, we assessed correlations of serum and plasma BDNF concentrations in two independent sets of samples. Coefficients of variations (CVs) for serum BDNF concentrations were significantly lower than CVs of plasma concentrations (n = 245, p = 0.006). Mean serum and plasma concentrations at all analyzed time points remained within the acceptable change limit of the inter-assay precision as declared by the manufacturer. Serum and plasma BDNF concentrations correlated positively in both sets of samples and at all analyzed time points of the stability assessment (r = 0.455 to rs = 0.596; p < 0.004). In summary, when considering the acceptable change limit, BDNF was stable in serum and in EDTA-plasma up to 6 months. Due to a higher reliability, we suggest favoring serum over EDTA-plasma for future experiments assessing peripheral BDNF concentrations.

Sexual violence against women is not only a serious public health problem of epidemic proportions, it’s also a violation of women’s human rights. The devastating consequences of these events on women’s health have been widely documented. The overarching purpose of this thesis is therefore to explore why public healthcare facilities around the world often fail to provide victims of sexual violence with mental healthcare of good quality that is available, accessible and acceptable. In order to investigate this, the legal grounds of specialized healthcare for victims of sexual violence was documented. Secondly, an exploration of whether the Swedish healthcare system provides victims of sexual violence with access to the highest attainable standard of mental healthcare was carried out. Lastly, the history of violence against women was explored in order to identify reasons for why the right to mental healthcare often fail to work in practice for female victims of sexual violence despite apparent agreements. Also, constructive suggestions are put forth regarding what governments can do to provide victims of sexual violence with access to the highest attainable standard of mental healthcare. An interdisciplinary approach of political sociology was used to illustrate the multiple dimensions of human rights. The findings suggest that the right to mental health is an integrated part of the right to health and thus a fundamental right for all human beings. However, the results indicate that the right to mental healthcare for women who have been subjected to sexual violence is not available, accessible and of good quality within the Swedish healthcare system. The study concludes that one of the main barriers to make the right to mental healthcare accessible for this group of patients is the lack of an officially recognized name that include the many different syndromes these women suffer. Findings are discussed in relation to previous research.

Kidney transplantation is the most appropriate treatment for end-stage kidney failure. The risk of graft failure in retransplanted patients is generally higher than in first-transplant patients due to immunological and non-immunological reasons. An important risk factor to consider for retransplant patients is their sensitization, i.e. the presence of antibodies directed to HLA antigens of previous donor(s). For that reason, a project called Forbidden (Non-acceptable) Antigens was launched by IKEM with the aim of reducing the incidence of acute cellular and antibody-mediated rejection in retransplant patients. Work on the project was carried out between the years 2011-2013. Forbidden antigens were defined as mismatched HLA antigens of previous kidney donor(s) against which patients waiting for retransplantation produced antibodies. The aim of this diploma thesis is to evaluate whether the incidence of rejection is lower in patients with forbidden HLA antigens in comparison with a control cohort, where no forbidden antigens are defined. 234 patients (162 males and 72 females) were included in the study. Almost all tested patients were producing HLA antibodies (90.2%) and forbidden antigens were determined in 71.4% of patients. In a control group of 267 patients waiting for their first transplantation, the...

As técnicas de radioterapia vem sendo constantemente modificadas com a implementação de novas tecnologias visando aumentar a eficiência e diminuir a toxicidade dos tratamentos com radiação ionizante. Esse trabalho visa comparar as técnicas de radioterapia de intensidade modulada (IMRT) e a radioterapia em arco modulada volumetricamente (VMAT) em termos dosimétricos para o alvo e órgãos em risco além de avaliar a diferença do tempo de tratamento utilizando cada técnica. Para assegurar que os planejamentos seguiriam um padrão aceitável para ambas as técnicas, realizou-se primeiramente os planejamentos sugeridos pelo TG 119 da Associação Americana de Física Médica e compatibilidade dos resultados obtidos comparados com os dados da literatura. Tal comparação permitiu prosseguir para uma próxima etapa que consistiu da utilização de imagens de pacientes reais que foram submetidos a tratamentos de próstata e cabeça e pescoço, para a realização dos planejamentos utilizando as técnicas de IMRT e VMAT. A qualidade dosimétrica dos planejamentos utilizando ambas as técnicas foi avaliada em termos de conformidade e homogeneidade da dose no alvo e para os casos de pacientes com câncer de próstata, foram investigados os limites de dose em reto, bexiga e cabeça de fêmur, sendo avaliada a associação entre o volume de intersecção de reto e bexiga com o alvo. Para os   casos de pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço, em termos dos limites de dose em medula, tronco cerebral e parótidas. Os planejamentos nos quais fez se uso da técnica de VMAT apresentaram valores semelhantes aos dos planos de IMRT. A análise dos tempos de tratamento para cada técnica avaliada mostrou que a VMAT reduz significativamente o tempo, até 67% para os casos de pacientes com câncer de próstata e até 36% para os casos de pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço / The goal of this study was to compare the dosimetric aspects of volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) with those of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and to evaluate the delivery time and monitor unit differences between the two techniques, for applications in prostate and head and neck cancer treatment. First of all, to assure an acceptable pattern of treatment planning using both techniques, the TG119 of American Association of Medical Physics instructions were followed and the results of plans were compared to TG119 published data. The next step consisted of using real patients\' images, whose underwent prostate radiotherapy or head and neck radiotherapy, to planning IMRT and VMAT. The dosimetric quality of plans using both techniques was evaluated in terms of target dose conformity and target dose homogeneity The dose constraints for rectum, bladder and femoral head were analyzed and the association between the rectum intersection volume and bladder intersection volume to the target volume were evaluated for the prostate cases. The dose constraints for spinal cord, brainstem and parotids were investigated for the head and neck cases. Best or similar values were obtained for the VMAT plans in relation to IMRT plans. The analysis of treatment time indicated a significant reduction using VMAT, until 67% to the prostate cases and 36% to the head and neck cases

As técnicas de radioterapia vem sendo constantemente modificadas com a implementação de novas tecnologias visando aumentar a eficiência e diminuir a toxicidade dos tratamentos com radiação ionizante. Esse trabalho visa comparar as técnicas de radioterapia de intensidade modulada (IMRT) e a radioterapia em arco modulada volumetricamente (VMAT) em termos dosimétricos para o alvo e órgãos em risco além de avaliar a diferença do tempo de tratamento utilizando cada técnica. Para assegurar que os planejamentos seguiriam um padrão aceitável para ambas as técnicas, realizou-se primeiramente os planejamentos sugeridos pelo TG 119 da Associação Americana de Física Médica e compatibilidade dos resultados obtidos comparados com os dados da literatura. Tal comparação permitiu prosseguir para uma próxima etapa que consistiu da utilização de imagens de pacientes reais que foram submetidos a tratamentos de próstata e cabeça e pescoço, para a realização dos planejamentos utilizando as técnicas de IMRT e VMAT. A qualidade dosimétrica dos planejamentos utilizando ambas as técnicas foi avaliada em termos de conformidade e homogeneidade da dose no alvo e para os casos de pacientes com câncer de próstata, foram investigados os limites de dose em reto, bexiga e cabeça de fêmur, sendo avaliada a associação entre o volume de intersecção de reto e bexiga com o alvo. Para os   casos de pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço, em termos dos limites de dose em medula, tronco cerebral e parótidas. Os planejamentos nos quais fez se uso da técnica de VMAT apresentaram valores semelhantes aos dos planos de IMRT. A análise dos tempos de tratamento para cada técnica avaliada mostrou que a VMAT reduz significativamente o tempo, até 67% para os casos de pacientes com câncer de próstata e até 36% para os casos de pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço / The goal of this study was to compare the dosimetric aspects of volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) with those of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and to evaluate the delivery time and monitor unit differences between the two techniques, for applications in prostate and head and neck cancer treatment. First of all, to assure an acceptable pattern of treatment planning using both techniques, the TG119 of American Association of Medical Physics instructions were followed and the results of plans were compared to TG119 published data. The next step consisted of using real patients\' images, whose underwent prostate radiotherapy or head and neck radiotherapy, to planning IMRT and VMAT. The dosimetric quality of plans using both techniques was evaluated in terms of target dose conformity and target dose homogeneity The dose constraints for rectum, bladder and femoral head were analyzed and the association between the rectum intersection volume and bladder intersection volume to the target volume were evaluated for the prostate cases. The dose constraints for spinal cord, brainstem and parotids were investigated for the head and neck cases. Best or similar values were obtained for the VMAT plans in relation to IMRT plans. The analysis of treatment time indicated a significant reduction using VMAT, until 67% to the prostate cases and 36% to the head and neck cases

No description available.

The final theses deals with elaboration of project needed to gain dotation from Control agenda Axes I to modernize animal husbandry in Zamoravi Ltd.agriculture company.

The majority of black South Africans utilize the services of indigenous healers and the new National Health Plan for South Africa makes provision for cooperation between the healers and formal health practitioners. The purpose of this study was to determine the role played by indigenous African healers in the prevention of diseases and the promotion of health, and to design a model which will provide guidelines for cooperation between indigenous healers and formal health workers. This study was ethno-medical, contextual, exploratory and qualitative. It was designed to look into the health care of a specific cultural group to explore in depth the experiences of indigenous healers in providing health care within their cultural context. Data was collected by individual free-type interviews from indigenous African healers, users of formal health services and by observation. It was found that there is dual utilization of both formal and indigenous health service systems by clients. A specific culbrral terminology relating to health was found to be used. Such terminology could result in communication gaps and breakdowns if not known to or used by formal health workers. The findings show that cultural beliefs are still strongly adhered to. These were found to influence the life-styles and health maintenance behaviour of a cultural group. The fmdings show that divination fonns the core of health assessment and health-problem diagnosis. It was found that no health problem could be attended to without first going through a divination session. The findings also show involvement of indigenous healers in primary health care workers at first contact levels of prevention in the field of paediatric preventive care. Diarrhoea and vomiting in children was found to be the preventable disease in which healers specialize. Infertility and impotence were found to be conditions taken to healers for treatment. Other sexually transmitted diseases as well as culture-bound syndromes treated by indigenous healers were found in this study. The use of rituals and rites of passage and the involvement of ancestors were found to form part ofholistic health care. The fmdings show the willingness of healers to collaborate with formal health workers. A model is designed to guide the process of collaboration. / Health Studies / D. Lit. et Phil. (Advanced Nursing Sciences)