Orientador: Ernesto Ruppert Filho / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T21:19:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AzcuePuma_JoseLuis_M.pdf: 8979349 bytes, checksum: a4b6502489a503823c332031a587452b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Neste trabalho apresenta-se o desempenho de um controlador fuzzy tipo PI autoajustável (FPIA) para o uso no esquema de controle direto de torque com modulação por vetores espaciais apresentado por J. Rodriguez e outros em 2004. Apresenta-se também um estudo comparativo da resposta dinâmica de vários esquemas de controle direto de torque (DTC) para o motor de indução trifásico. O controlador FPIA determina dinâmicamente o ângulo de carga existente entre os vetores espaciais dos fluxos do estator e do rotor e, em consequência, o torque eletromagnético necessário para suprir a carga do motor. A base de regras para o controlador proposto é definida em função do erro "e" e da variação do erro "??" do torque eletromagnético usando funções de pertinência triangulares e trapezoidais. O controle é realizado em frequência de chaveamento constante e apresenta baixa ondulação de torque usando modulação em largura de pulsos por vetores espaciais. O desempenho do DTC com o controlador proposto é comparado com o desempenho do mesmo esquema usando o controlador PI através de várias medidas de desempenho tais como tempo de acomodação, tempo de subida e o índice integral do tempo multiplicado pelo valor absoluto do erro (ITAE). Foram realizadas simulações em diferentes condições de operação que mostram que o controlador proposto assegura uma resposta rápida com baixa ondulação do torque em comparação com o controlador PI, ambos aplicados ao mesmo esquema DTC / Abstract: This dissertation presents the performance of a self-tuning PI type fuzzy controller (STPIF) for the direct torque control (DTC) with space vector modulation (SVM) scheme presented by J. Rodriguez et al. in 2004. It is also presented a comparative study of the dynamic response of various DTC schemes for the three-phase induction motor. The STPIF controller determines dynamically the load angle between the stator and rotor flux space vectors and, consequently, the electromagnetic torque necessary to supply the motor load. The rule base for the proposed controller is defined in terms of error "e" and the change of the error "??" of electromagnetic torque using triangular and trapezoidal membership functions. Constant switching frequency and low torque ripple are obtained using SVM. The performance of the DTC-SVM with the proposed controller is compared with the performance of the same scheme but using PI controller in terms of several performance indexes such as settling time, rise time and integral-of-time multiplied by the absolute magnitude of the error index (ITAE). The simulation results show that the proposed controller ensures fast torque response and low torque ripple when compared to the PI controller, both implemented in the same DTC-SVM scheme / Mestrado / Energia Eletrica / Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica

Magister Curationis / Binary search trees (BSTs) are important data structures which are widely used in various guises. Splay trees are a specific kind of binary search tree, one without explicit balancing. Skip lists use more space than BSTs and are related to them in terms of much of their run-time behavior. Even though binary search trees have been used for about half a century, there are still many open questions regarding their run-time performance and algorith mic complexity. In many instances, their worst-case, average-case, and best-case behaviors are unknown and need further research. Our analysis provides a basis for selecting more suitable data structures and algorithms for specific processes and applications. We contrast the empirical behavior of splay trees and skip lists with their theoretical behavior. In particular we explore when splay trees outperform skip lists and vice versa. The performance of a splay tree depends on the history of accesses to its el ements. On the other hand, the performance of a skip list depends on an indepen dent randomization of the height of links that lead to specific elements. Therefore, probabilistic methods are used to analyze the operation of splay trees and skip lists. Our main results are that splay trees are faster for sorted insertion, where AVL trees are faster for random insertion. For searching, skip lists are faster than single class top-down splay trees, but two-class and multi-class top-down splay trees can behave better than skip lists.

The purpose of this case study was to explore the challenges African American students face when adjusting to predominantly White institutions and to review these institutions' diversity policies to determine whether the institutions are aligned with African American students' needs. The study was based on critical race theory to examine whether and how racial microaggressions influence racial tension at the predominantly White institutions selected for this study. The research questions were used to gauge (a) the level of comfort among African American students attending one of these predominantly White institutions, (b) their overall satisfaction with their decisions to attend the institution, and (c) whether an active diversity policy could be found at that institution. Qualitative data were collected from a sample of 107 African American students attending 1 of the 6 predominantly White institutions selected for this study. Descriptive statistics of cross-sectional survey data, along with the diversity policy within each institution, were employed to measure (a) the mean and standard deviation of participants' satisfaction with the environment their campus provided, (b) the decision to attend their institution, and (c) the awareness of their institution's diversity policy. The chi-square test was conducted to test student awareness of the diversity policy and their satisfaction with the organization of the policy. The results from this test were significant (p < .01), showing that the participants were aware of their institution's diversity policy and the protection it provides. Through effective policy changes, predominantly White institutions can positively affect graduation and retention rates among African American students and provide a greater opportunity to promote positive social change.

O objetivo deste estudo consiste em avaliar a efetividade de diferentes sistemas empregados no preparo biomecânico, dentre eles: Self-adjusting file (SAF), TiLOS Anatomic Endodontic Technology System (TiLOS) e Mtwo sobre a eliminação de Enterococcus faecalis cultivados em canais radiculares. Para isso, foram selecionados 47 prés-molares inferiores humanos, os quais foram contaminados por Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) durante 21 dias e divididos em três grupos: GI - SAF com irrigação contínua; GII - EndoEze Tilos e irrigação com auxílio de agulhas NaviTip; GIII - MTwo e irrigação com NaviTip a cada troca de instrumento. A irrigação foi realizada com solução de NaOCl a 2,5%. Coletas bacterianas foram realizadas em três tempos experimentais: coleta da contaminação (S1), posterior ao preparo dos canais radiculares (S2) e após sete dias do preparo biomecânico (S3). Os dados em UFC foram submetidos aos testes ANOVA e Tukey ou Kruskal-Wallis e Dunn com P<0.05. Na análise dos resultados, foi observada redução de E.faecalis após preparo (P < .05) em todos os grupos, sem diferença significante entre os grupos (P > .05). A coleta final demonstrou aumento bacteriano similar em todos os grupos, esclarecendo a viabilidade das bactérias incubadas. Dessa forma, conclui-se que o preparo dos canais radiculares realizado com SAF, EndoEze Tilos e Mtwo contribuem na desinfecção do canal radicular, sem, todavia, eliminar o E. faecalis do sistema de canais radiculares. / The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different chemo-mechanical systems for root canal preparation Self-adjusting File (SAF), TiLOS Anatomic Endodontic Technology System (TiLOS), and Mtwo against Enterococcus faecalis in the canal. Forty seven human mandibular bicuspids were contaminated with E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) for 21 days and divided into groups according to preparation methodÇ SAF group with continuous irrigationç TiLOS;Endo-Eze group and irrigation with a NaviTip needle Mtwo group and irrigation eith NaviTip. The irrigant used was 2.5% NaOCl. Bacterial harvests were performed after the contamination period (initial harvest), immediately post-preparation, and seven days after chemo-mechanical preparation. Data were expressed as CFU and subjected to ANOVA and Tukey or Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests at P < 0.05. Reduction in E.faecalis was observed after preparation (P< .05), with no significant differences between the groups (P> .05). The final harvest demonstrated statistically similar increase in the bacterial counts in all groups. Root canal preparation using SAF, TiLOS;Endo-Eze, and Mtwo systems contribute for the disinfection of the root

School leaders at an urban high school in the U.S. Midwest encouraged teachers to use formative assessment to help students meet learning goals; however, several years later, they found inconsistent implementation. Without a clear understanding of teachers' formative assessment practices, leaders could not establish needed supports for its consistent use in the classrooms. The purpose of this bounded qualitative case study was to examine teachers' formative assessment use to check for student understanding and to adjust instruction. Black and Wiliam's formative assessment theory formed the foundation of this study. Research questions focused on teachers' perceptions of formative assessment and usage of formative assessment for instruction. Ten state certified high school teachers, who had at least a bachelor's degree, passed basic skills and subject area examinations, and taught within their majors or minors, were purposefully selected to provide data. Data were gathered from observations, interviews, and teacher logs and were analyzed inductively using open and axial coding strategies. Results showed teachers collected and used formative assessment to modify instruction and determine student understanding from a limited number of students. Furthermore, they lacked the knowledge, skills, and strategies to implement formative assessment to help all students meet learning goals. Based on the findings, 3 professional development (PD) sessions were created to help school leaders provide support for teachers' consistent formative assessment implementation. These endeavors may contribute to positive social change when administrators provide teachers with PD to increase teachers' knowledge and skills using formative assessment, and, ultimately, to meet student learning goals.

Orientador: Júlio Borges de Souza / Resumo: O transformador de estado sólido tem se apresentado como uma ferramenta indispensável na construção das novas redes elétricas inteligentes, uma vez que essa nova estrutura de rede altera o layout tradicional, viabilizando a conexão de fontes de energia descentralizadas. Contudo, essa conexão de sistemas de geração distribuída na rede originou a bidirecionalidade do fluxo de potência, resultando em um novo panorama para as atividades de operação e manutenção das redes para as distribuidoras de energia. A análise dos possíveis impactos técnicos gerados na rede de distribuição deve ser realizada, com o intuito de garantir um nível de qualidade energética dentro dos padrões estabelecidos pela Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica – ANEEL. Dentre os impactos, destacam-se a elevação do nível de tensão e a alteração do fator de potência, ambos, produzidos pelo excesso de potência injetada na rede por este novo cenário de geração de energia. Nesse contexto, esta dissertação tem como principal objetivo analisar o comportamento de uma rede de distribuição genérica com penetração de geração distribuída e avaliar o perfil de tensão diante de diferentes níveis de inserção dessa geração na rede. As características de ajuste de tensão instantânea e capacidade de interação com sistemas de armazenamento que o transformador de estado sólido possui foram empregadas no auxílio da regulação dos níveis de tensão que se apresentaram fora dos padrões determinados pela resolução 794/2018 da ANEEL, qua... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The solid state transformer has been presented as an essential tool in the construction of new intelligent electric grids, since this new network structure changes the traditional layout, making possible the connection of decentralized energy sources. However, this connection of distributed generation systems in the network created the bidirectionality of the power flow, resulting in a new panorama for the power distributors concerning the networks activities of operation and maintenance. The analysis of the possible technical impacts generated in the distribution network should be carried out with the purpose of guaranteeing a level of energy quality within the standards established by the National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL). Among the impacts, we highlight the elevation of the voltage level and the change in the power factor, both produced by the excess power injected into the grid by this new energy generation scenario. In this context, the main objective of this dissertation is to analyze the behavior of a generic distribution network with distributed generation penetration and to evaluate the voltage profile before different levels of insertion of this generation in the network. The solid state transformer has instantaneous voltage adjustment characteristics and interaction capacity with storage systems, which were used to aid in the regulation of voltage levels that were out of the standards determined by ANEEL resolution 794/2018, when a high level of distributed g... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Submitted by Lucas Antonio Alves De Godoi (luksg@hotmail.com) on 2018-07-11T15:22:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Lucas _Godoi.pdf: 3300304 bytes, checksum: 429eb486ffbb167f9c7394e2d2e4b6f6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Cristina Alexandra de Godoy null (cristina@adm.feis.unesp.br) on 2018-07-11T17:29:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 godoy_laa_me_ilha.pdf: 3300304 bytes, checksum: 429eb486ffbb167f9c7394e2d2e4b6f6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-11T17:29:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 godoy_laa_me_ilha.pdf: 3300304 bytes, checksum: 429eb486ffbb167f9c7394e2d2e4b6f6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-17 / O transformador de estado sólido tem se apresentado como uma ferramenta indispensável na construção das novas redes elétricas inteligentes, uma vez que essa nova estrutura de rede altera o layout tradicional, viabilizando a conexão de fontes de energia descentralizadas. Contudo, essa conexão de sistemas de geração distribuída na rede originou a bidirecionalidade do fluxo de potência, resultando em um novo panorama para as atividades de operação e manutenção das redes para as distribuidoras de energia. A análise dos possíveis impactos técnicos gerados na rede de distribuição deve ser realizada, com o intuito de garantir um nível de qualidade energética dentro dos padrões estabelecidos pela Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica – ANEEL. Dentre os impactos, destacam-se a elevação do nível de tensão e a alteração do fator de potência, ambos, produzidos pelo excesso de potência injetada na rede por este novo cenário de geração de energia. Nesse contexto, esta dissertação tem como principal objetivo analisar o comportamento de uma rede de distribuição genérica com penetração de geração distribuída e avaliar o perfil de tensão diante de diferentes níveis de inserção dessa geração na rede. As características de ajuste de tensão instantânea e capacidade de interação com sistemas de armazenamento que o transformador de estado sólido possui foram empregadas no auxílio da regulação dos níveis de tensão que se apresentaram fora dos padrões determinados pela resolução 794/2018 da ANEEL, quando um alto nível de geração distribuída foi inserido na rede. / The solid state transformer has been presented as an essential tool in the construction of new intelligent electric grids, since this new network structure changes the traditional layout, making possible the connection of decentralized energy sources. However, this connection of distributed generation systems in the network created the bidirectionality of the power flow, resulting in a new panorama for the power distributors concerning the networks activities of operation and maintenance. The analysis of the possible technical impacts generated in the distribution network should be carried out with the purpose of guaranteeing a level of energy quality within the standards established by the National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL). Among the impacts, we highlight the elevation of the voltage level and the change in the power factor, both produced by the excess power injected into the grid by this new energy generation scenario. In this context, the main objective of this dissertation is to analyze the behavior of a generic distribution network with distributed generation penetration and to evaluate the voltage profile before different levels of insertion of this generation in the network. The solid state transformer has instantaneous voltage adjustment characteristics and interaction capacity with storage systems, which were used to aid in the regulation of voltage levels that were out of the standards determined by ANEEL resolution 794/2018, when a high level of distributed generation was inserted into the network.

This thesis provides a summary of knowledge required for the introduction of a systematic procedure for handling of receivables. I focused on the phenomena that had to be assessed during the practical valuation of receivables in LD INVEST a.s. In this respect my thesis may be used by the company managers as one of the aids used during the execution of the analytic accounts to individual nominal accounts in terms of tax. The approach to the company's receivables from 1 January 2008 is recommended in the draft of the In-company Regulation, recapitulating the current meaning of basic terms and stipulating the principles for the creation and use of adjusting entries. The chief measurable economic contribution of the theses is the suggestion for the optimization of the tax base for the year 2007.

O objetivo deste estudo consiste em avaliar a efetividade de diferentes sistemas empregados no preparo biomecânico, dentre eles: Self-adjusting file (SAF), TiLOS Anatomic Endodontic Technology System (TiLOS) e Mtwo sobre a eliminação de Enterococcus faecalis cultivados em canais radiculares. Para isso, foram selecionados 47 prés-molares inferiores humanos, os quais foram contaminados por Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) durante 21 dias e divididos em três grupos: GI - SAF com irrigação contínua; GII - EndoEze Tilos e irrigação com auxílio de agulhas NaviTip; GIII - MTwo e irrigação com NaviTip a cada troca de instrumento. A irrigação foi realizada com solução de NaOCl a 2,5%. Coletas bacterianas foram realizadas em três tempos experimentais: coleta da contaminação (S1), posterior ao preparo dos canais radiculares (S2) e após sete dias do preparo biomecânico (S3). Os dados em UFC foram submetidos aos testes ANOVA e Tukey ou Kruskal-Wallis e Dunn com P<0.05. Na análise dos resultados, foi observada redução de E.faecalis após preparo (P < .05) em todos os grupos, sem diferença significante entre os grupos (P > .05). A coleta final demonstrou aumento bacteriano similar em todos os grupos, esclarecendo a viabilidade das bactérias incubadas. Dessa forma, conclui-se que o preparo dos canais radiculares realizado com SAF, EndoEze Tilos e Mtwo contribuem na desinfecção do canal radicular, sem, todavia, eliminar o E. faecalis do sistema de canais radiculares. / The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different chemo-mechanical systems for root canal preparation Self-adjusting File (SAF), TiLOS Anatomic Endodontic Technology System (TiLOS), and Mtwo against Enterococcus faecalis in the canal. Forty seven human mandibular bicuspids were contaminated with E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) for 21 days and divided into groups according to preparation methodÇ SAF group with continuous irrigationç TiLOS;Endo-Eze group and irrigation with a NaviTip needle Mtwo group and irrigation eith NaviTip. The irrigant used was 2.5% NaOCl. Bacterial harvests were performed after the contamination period (initial harvest), immediately post-preparation, and seven days after chemo-mechanical preparation. Data were expressed as CFU and subjected to ANOVA and Tukey or Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests at P < 0.05. Reduction in E.faecalis was observed after preparation (P< .05), with no significant differences between the groups (P> .05). The final harvest demonstrated statistically similar increase in the bacterial counts in all groups. Root canal preparation using SAF, TiLOS;Endo-Eze, and Mtwo systems contribute for the disinfection of the root

The diploma thesis deals with the modern design of the control circuits for digital potentiometers and their application in analog systems. The concept of the digital control is demonstrated on the electronically controlled active 2-nd order filter and programmable oscillator. The proposed design of the active filter describes a programmable active 2-nd order filter Sallen-Key. In this circuit it is possible independently programme cut-off frequency, Q factor and type of approximation with very good accuracy. The circuits of the designed filter and designed oscillator are simulated in PSpice (OrCAD), parasite effects and effects of the real parts are studied. Properties simulated circuits are compare with experimental results. These results appreciate quality and efficiency of the digitally controlled potentiometers in dependence on variable input circuit parameters. Integral part of this project is author’s universal control program called Digipot and comunications interface for many types of digital potentiometers with I2C, SPI or Up/Down interface. It is possible to use this device for many applications. The constructional details of the filter are presented at the end of this work. The software equipment is availability on enclosed CD.