This essay is about how I explore and above all reflect on my future assignment as a teacher. The purpose of the text is to examine what is in the governing document for the after-school center and thus the assignment for an after-school center teacher. The primary questions that are asked is what type of conditions are important for an after-school center teacher, in order for the after-school center teacher to be able to comply with the National Agency for Education's intention with chapter 4 in the curriculum. As a research method, I look at previous research in the subject and take in perspectives from professional role, profession and leadership. I will link to theory about the pedagogical leadership and who is responsible for quality assurance of the leisure center. The results of the survey will show the complexand difficult task that an after-school teacher has with collaboration in school and the leisure pedagogical task in the after-school center. An assignment that currently is hard to navigate and may be interpreted differently by an after-school teacher or principal in which the conditions are paramount.

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The purpose of this study, The after-school care teacher’s professional role - A study of  primary school teachers understanding and attitudes towards the after-school care teachers professional role and how that can affect collaboration between the school and after-school care, is to illustrate the understanding and attitudes towards after-school care teachers found with primary school teachers. Another purpose is to examine in what way the understanding and the attitudes can affect the collaboration between school and after-school care as well as the after-school care teachers ability to operate professionally. I have chosen to conduct a qualitative study through questionnaires and one interview. This study is built on a social costructivistic perspective. The results show that the understanding and attitudes found with primary school teachers do effect the possibilities of cooperation between the school and after-school care. Mostly the understanding of the professional role of the after-school care teacher can be found to be quite good whilst the attitudes show that primary school teachers see the after-school care teacher as having more of a supporting role to the primary school teacher. / Syftet med denna studie, Fritidslärarens yrkesroll - En studie av grundskolelärares förståelse för och attityd till fritidslärarens yrkesroll och hur den kan påverka samverkan mellan skola och fritids, är att belysa förståelse och attityder gentemot fritidsläraren hos grundskolelärare. Ett vidare syfte är att undersöka på vilket sätt förståelsen och attityden kan påverka möjligheten för samverkan mellan skola och fritids samt fritidslärares möjligheter att verka professionellt. Jag har valt att använda en kvalitativ metod genom enkäter och en intervju. Studien bygger på ett socialkonstruktivistiskt perspektiv. Studiens resultat visar på att grundskolelärares förståelse och attityd kan ses påverka möjligheten till samverkan mellan skola och fritids. Till stor del kan en se att grundskolelärares förståelse för fritidslärarens yrkesroll är god medan attityder visar på hur grundskolelärare ser fritidsläraren som en medhjälpare och assistent till grundskoleläraren.

Manufacturers are transforming their business model from being a product dominant to a customer centric organization, in order to maintain competitive advantage, as well as deliver customer satisfaction thereby to build a long-term relationship with them. The management of complaint handling is regarded as a crucial contributor to its business performance. To identify key factors that influence the efficiency of complaint handling in manufacturing industry, it is important to start with an investigation of a company's internal complaint handling management. A multiple case study has been carried out in the form of semi-structured, face-to-face interviews with managers from six different manufacturing companies. The studyreveals that four factors in complaint handling are to be paid attention to, which include complaint handling process, qualified complaint handler, complaint handling system and complaint handling policy. By comparing the companies' viewpoints as well as theoretical perspective on these factors, some differences and similarities are revealed. Finally, the study found that the complaint handler who possesses the adequate technical knowledge of the product and interpersonal skills is the most essential factor that affects complaint-handling efficiency. In the meanwhile, complaint-handling system is increasingly important in assisting companies with customer complaints.

Anscombe (1964) presents influential arguments that 'before' and 'after' cannot denote converse relations, despite intuitions to the contrary. These arguments, I claim, rely on ambiguity of certain 'before'- and 'after'-sentences, ambiguity that arises from the interaction of tense and aspect with the temporal ordering relations denoted by 'before' and 'after'. To account for this ambiguity, I adopt a Discourse Representation Theory-based analysis of tense and aspect (Kamp & Reyle 2011) and apply it to a set of examples that exhibit the variety of readings available for 'before'- and 'after'-sentences. I argue that certain readings of stative 'after'-sentences support the existence of an inceptive coercion operator, equivalent in effect to the aspectual verb 'begin'. This operator has much in common with 'earliest', an operator proposed by Beaver & Condoravdi (2003), but it is motivated by independent aspectual considerations. I conclude with a discussion of areas for future research. / text

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Background: According to the existing evidence base, the experience of ending therapy, from the perspectives of adolescents who are looked after, is substantially under researched. Moreover, the ending of therapy is highlighted as an important phase of the therapy process and previous research into ending therapy indicates this as a valuable area of research. The available literature indicates that those with a history of loss may find the ending phase particularly challenging. It was hoped that the research findings may assist Clinical Psychologists and other therapists to make sense of how young people experience ending therapy, and may also highlight ways in which therapists can support looked after young people through this transition. Aims: The study aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the way in which young people who are looked after make sense of ending psychological therapy. Methodology: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six looked after adolescents who had recently ended psychological therapy. The transcripts of the interviews were then analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Results: Four master themes emerged from analysis: inextricable link between therapy and therapy relationship, ambivalence, means of coping and moving on from therapy. Implications and Conclusion: This study highlights the need for careful and on going consideration of the ending phase of therapy with this population. It also gives further support to the significance of the therapeutic relationship and consideration of this at the end of therapy. Areas for future research are highlighted, notably the value of conducting further research with looked after young people, to explore factors such as culture and gender on the experience of ending therapy.

This thesis examines the perspectives and experiences of primary Initial Teacher Education (ITE) trainee teachers, of working with Looked After Children (LAC), and the implications for training and Continuing Professional Development (CPD). The thesis is within the interpretivist paradigm, using a Grounded Theory Methodological approach. The research was carried out in one post-1992 English university, with trainee teachers on a three year undergraduate BA (Honours) Education teacher training route, and a one-year Post Graduate Certificate in Education (PGCE) route. Feedback was sought from wider organisations and professionals working directly with LAC. LAC continue to underperform academically in comparison to their peers, and for decades have been let down by systems and support, with many entering the criminal justice system at an early age. This study examines trainee teachers’ perspectives to conclude how specific training can support teachers and in turn impact on LAC. The thesis draws out four main themes from the trainees: the negative impact of previous experience on trainee values and beliefs towards LAC as they enter ITE; the positive and negative perceptions and experiences of trainees in relation to collaborative working; the negative perceptions and experiences of trainees in relation to the behaviour and learning needs of LAC; and trainees’ and mentors’ lack of knowledge in relation to LAC. The study concludes that trainees and mentors have a lack of knowledge and skills on how to support LAC in five key areas; policy and legislation, challenging negative perceptions, emotional well-being and supportive strategies, administrative knowledge, and collaborative working. A training model to support ITE and CPD is developed, gaining feedback from key organisations and professionals working with LAC.

Sandwich panels using fibre-reinforced composite skins and low-density cores are being increasingly used in the aerospace industry due to their superior specific strength and stiffness, and increased design flexibility over traditional metallic and composite structures. However, it is well-known that sandwich panels are highly vulnerable to the effects of impact damage, with even low-energy impacts potentially causing very severe reductions in the in-plane compressive strength of these structures. The objective of this project was to produce a faithful and reliable numerical model for the simulation of the compression-after-impact strength of composite sandwich panels. An in-depth literature review revealed that delamination within the skins of a sandwich panel is a damage mechanism that has gone almost entirely neglected in previous efforts at modelling this problem, despite the proven significance of this mechanism in the failure of impact damaged sandwich panels in compression. Consequently, the use of the cohesive zone model for delamination initiation and propagation is the key unique feature of this model, with Hashin s criteria being used for intra-laminar damage formation, and a simple plasticity response capturing core crushing. An experimental study is performed to produce a thorough dataset for model validation, featuring differing levels of damage induced via quasi-static indentation, and novel asymmetric panels with skins of unequal thickness (the thinner skin being on the unimpacted side). The experimental study revealed that the use of a thinner distal (undamaged) skin could improve the strength of mildly damaged sandwich panels over undamaged sandwich panels using the same asymmetric configuration. It is believed that this effect is due to the movement of the neutral plane of the sandwich panel caused by the reduction in the stability of the damaged skin through stiffness reduction and geometric imperfections. This removes the eccentricity of the compressive loading that exists in the undamaged asymmetric panels, which has mismatched axial stiffness between the indented skin and the thinner distal skin, and thus a noticeably lower ultimate strength than the undamaged symmetric panels. The sandwich model is developed using pre-existing experimental and material data, and trialled for a variety of different skin lay-ups, core thicknesses and indenter sizes. The numerical model generally agreed well with the ultimate stress found in the experiments for these different configurations, but is quite poor at estimating the magnitude of the damage induced by the indentation. When used to model the experimental study, the model gave generally good, conservative estimates for the residual compressive strength of both the symmetric and asymmetric panels. The tendency of the asymmetric panels to become stronger with mild damage was not captured by the model per se, with the numerical results instead showing an insensitivity to damage in the asymmetric panels, which was not shared by the symmetric panels. However, the numerical model did exhibit erroneous strain-stress responses for both panel configurations, particularly for the undamaged and mildly damaged cases. Investigations revealed that this erroneous behaviour was caused by inconsistency in the material data, which had been collected partially via experimentation and partly from literature sources. Overall, the model developed here represents a promising advancement over previous efforts, but further development is required to provide accurate damage states.

Nous étudions le problème de l'estimation de moyenne et de la densité prédictive d'une population sélectionnée, en obtenant de nouveaux développements qui incluent l'analyse de biais, la décomposition du risque et les problèmes avec restrictions sur les paramètres (chapitre 2). Nous proposons des estimateurs de densité prédictive efficaces en termes de pertes Kullback-Leibler et Hellinger (chapitre 3) améliorant les procédures de plug-in via une perte duale et via une d'expansion de variance. Enfin, nous présentons les résultats de l'amélioration de l'estimateur du maximum de vraisemblance (EMV) d'une moyenne normale bornée pour une classe de fonctions de perte, y compris la perte normale réfléchie, avec des implications pour l'estimation de densité prédictive. A savoir, nous donnons des conditions sur la perte et la largeur de l'espace paramétrique pour lesquels l'estimateur de Bayes par rapport à la loi a priori uniforme sur la frontière domine la EMV. / Abstract : We study the problem of point estimation and predictive density estimation of the mean of a selected population, obtaining novel developments which include bias analysis, decomposition of risk, and problems with restricted parameters (Chapter 2). We propose efficient predictive density estimators in terms of Kullback-Leibler and Hellinger losses (Chapter 3) improving on plug-in procedures via a dual loss and via a variance expansion scheme. Finally (Chapter 4), we present findings on improving on the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) of a bounded normal mean under a class of loss functions, including reflected normal loss, with implications for predictive density estimation. Namely, we give conditions on the loss and the width of the parameter space for which the Bayes estimator with respect to the boundary uniform prior dominates the MLE.​