Bibliography: pages 112-130. / The thesis explores the effects on the wine growing district of Stellenbosch of the transformations in the political economy of the Cape Colony in the late nineteeth century. It is the first in depth study of Stellenbosch District and also contributes to other historical analyses concerned with the impact of industrialisation on rural society. Primary sources used include archival records, newspapers and the annual reports of the district branch of the Standard Bank. Labour legislation passed in the aftermath of slavery was most successful in tying labour to the farms when the labour market was confined to the agrarian sector. The mineral and transport revolutions of the late nineteenth century brought about the first major reformulation of social and economic relations in the Western Cape since emancipation. Between cl878 to 1896 wine farmers were hit by the general recession of the 1880s, by the excise tax on brandy, by phylloxera and by periodic labour shortages. Farmers, especially those capitalising their agricultural production, looked to the Zuid Afrikaansche Boere Beskermings Vereeniging and later the amalgamated Afrikaner Bond to press for state aid to wine farmers. In the late nineteenth century farmers finally experienced the implications of the proletarianisation of the rural underclass. Many labourers left to work in the growing urban sector, on the Public Works or in self employment as market gardeners. Farmers in Stellenbosch, like their peers in other societies confronting the implications of industrialisation, regarded labour mobility as illegitimate. They felt threatened by outbreaks of arson and theft, but also by the labourers' new assertiveness. For a time labour relations on the farms took place in a context where labourers had a measure of leverage against the power of the farmer. By 1910 the farmers' world had been righted and this was no longer the case.

Why at the present time do we need added sources of labor beyond that available within the country? One faction would cry, "We don't!" Another would say, "We decry the importation of labor, but there simply aren't United States citizens in sufficient numbers to get these jobs done." A third group would probably answer, "Why worry about it? These laborers will come across the border, legally or illegally; we may as well avail ourselves of their services." Perhaps we should let a fourth group speak: "We must see that you do not misuse these people."

As early as February, 1942, fears of an agricultural labor shortage began to be expressed in California. The Pacific Southwest Area Committee of the Young Men’s Christian Association asserts in a statement of policy on Emergency Harvest Camps, “The California State Chamber of Commerce’s Central Coast Council’s Agricultural Committee points out that ‘the removal of enemy aliens from coastal areas, the absorption of migrant workers into defense industries, and increased government quotas for the production of many crops has created a serious agricultural problem.’ (News release, February 28, 1942).” In San Joaquin County 5,000 Japanese were evacuated. Most of these were farm workers. This made it necessary for 23,709 acres in production to be taken over by outside sources. As most farmers in San Joaquin County had increased acreage in response to President Roosevelt’s and the United States Department of Agriculture’s plea for increased production to aid in the “food for victory drive”, the threatened shortage of farm labor was a matter of much concern to many of them.

No description available.

Thesis (MA) Stellenbosch University, 1955 / No abstract availble / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie is om 'n beeld te verskaf van die Basoeto as plaasarbeiders. Hulle vorm as't ware 'n groep op hulle eie wat heeltemal los staan vie die Basoeto van Basoetoland. Die meeste van hierdie plaasarbeiders is in die Oos-Vrystaat gebore, en het opgegroei te midde van 'n blanke omgewing. Die gevolg is dat hulle deur 'n proses van akkulturasie 'n lewenswyse van hulle eie geskep het, wat in sekere opsigte baie van die Basoeto se ou tradisionele lewenswyse verskil. Die eintlike doel van die studie is dan om meer lig te werp op hierdie besondere lewenswyse van die plaasarbeiders.

Thesis (M Social Work)--Stellenbosch University, 2008. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Marriage enrichment was developed to equip couples with the necessary skills and knowledge to help them achieve a happy marriage. It is successful with respect to the improvement of the marriage relationship and the encouragement of marital satisfaction. The marriage enrichment programmes that were developed up till now, were developed for the use of residents of First World countries. The goal of this study was to identify farm workers’ experience of marriage and their needs with respect to marriage, in order to make recommendations with regard to elements that could be included in a marriage enrichment programme for farm workers. A qualitative research design was used, as semi-structured interviews with the help of an interview schedule were conducted with thirteen farm workers who live and work on two farms in different geographical areas around Stellenbosch. Information was gathered by separately interviewing marriage partners, in order to ensure that conversations were not influenced by the presence of the marriage partner. Participants not only consisted of legally married couples, but also couples who were involved in a long-term relationship. The literature study focused on the circumstances of farm workers in the Western Cape. It also focused on theories underpinning current marriage enrichment programmes, and discussed and described the content of selected current marriage enrichment programmes. General challenges facing couples and which are typically included in marriage enrichment programmes were also discussed. Three themes emerged during findings and conclusions of the study. These include various sub-themes arising from the alcohol abuse of farm workers, and distinctive qualities of happy and unhappy couples. Recommendations were made with regard to these themes, while the theories on which current marriage enrichment programmes were based, as well as its exercises and elements were kept in mind. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Huweliksverryking is ontwikkel om egpare met die nodige kennis en vaardighede toe te rus ter bereiking van ‘n gelukkige huwelik. Dit is doeltreffend ten opsigte van die verbetering van die huweliksverhouding en die bevordering van huwelikstevredenheid. Die huweliksverrykings-programme wat egter wel ontwikkel is, is vir die gebruik van inwoners van Eerste Wêreld-lande ontwikkel. Die doel van hierdie studie was om plaaswerkers se ervaring van die huwelik en hul behoeftes ten opsigte van die huwelik te identifiseer, sodat aanbevelings gemaak kan word ten opsigte van elemente wat ingesluit kan word in ‘n huweliksverrykingsprogram vir plaaswerkers. ‘n Kwalitatiewe navorsingsontwerp is benut, aangesien semi-geskeduleerde onderhoude aan die hand van ‘n onderhoudskedule gevoer is met dertien plaaswerkers wat woon en werk op twee plase in verskillende geografiese areas buite Stellenbosch. Onderhoude met huweliksmaats het apart van mekaar plaasgevind, om te verseker dat gesprekke nie deur die teenwoordigheid van die huweliksmaat beïnvloed kon word nie. Deelnemers het nie net bestaan uit wettiglik getroude egpare nie, maar ook paartjies wat in ‘n langtermynverhouding betrokke is. Die literatuurstudie het gefokus op die omstandighede van Wes-Kaapse plaaswerkers. Dit het ook gefokus op teorieë waarop bestaande huweliksverrykingsprogramme gebaseer is, en het verskeie geselekteerde bestaande huweliksverrykingsprogramme se inhoud bepaal en omskryf. Algemene uitdagings waarmee egpare te doen kry, en wat tipies in huweliksverrykingsprogramme bespreek word, is ook bespreek. Tydens bevindinge en gevolgtrekkings van die studie het drie temas na vore gekom. Dit sluit in verskeie sub-temas ten opsigte van alkoholmisbruik tussen plaaswerkers en die onderskeie eienskappe van gelukkige en ongelukkige egpare. Die aanbevelings is ten opsigte van hierdie temas gemaak, met inagneming van bestaande huweliksverrykingsprogramme se elemente, oefeninge en die teorieë waarop dit gebaseer is.

Thesis (MCom)--Stellenbosch University, 1969. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: no abstract available / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: geen opsomming

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences / Department of Sociology

Narrative inquiry was the qualitative method utilized to collect stories related to former migrant African American females who transformed their lives from migrant workers and found alternative career paths. Sustained poverty among migratory workers created a disenfranchised culture of uneducated citizens. A large part of this labor force was women. It was expected that this culture of poverty would perpetuate itself through generations. The universal stereotypes associated with impoverished migrants were so ingrained that overwhelmingly the majority of migrants accepted a life of poverty as prophesy. However, some former migrant African American women defied odds and rose above the cumulative effects of poverty. The major findings of this study revealed factors that significantly contributed to their success in a variety of professional careers: consistent family support, adaptive coping skills, catalyst for change, transformative learning, and meaningful relationships with non-family members, and commitment to community service. Sub-findings emerged that revealed that these additional factors also contributed to their success: value placed on education, strong belief in God, and leadership skills. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2014. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-10-22T12:31:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Rafael Vasconcelos Porto.pdf: 2239987 bytes, checksum: 3fd14d173f288bfdadd167c964eba93e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-22T12:31:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rafael Vasconcelos Porto.pdf: 2239987 bytes, checksum: 3fd14d173f288bfdadd167c964eba93e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-03 / This essay intends to analyze, in a detailed way, the social security coverage owed to rural workers (gender), from a point of view regarding the exercise of federal jurisdiction. The study begins with the analysis of the historical course of rural social security in Brazil, followed by a brief informative report of comparative law - which describes several of the rural social security systems that exist around the globe, and with more details those of France, Spain and Italy, which have considerable similarities with ours -, what allows the reader to know the theme in its evolutionary and comparative dynamics. Next, we examine the constitutional rules especially applicable to the sector and, in addition, we consider the sociological and economic justifications (especially) that give reason for the different treatment conferred by the Constitution. In the next step, the research pass through sociological aspects, discussing the situation of the rural worker in Brazil, of the family farms - including the effects generated by the new social security system on this -, the legal evolution of peasant labor and a succinct diagnosis of the situation of women in this environment. Subsequently, the essay starts a more dogmatic analysis, expounding the legislation and decompounding each controversial point, describing in details the types of rural workers and all their characteristics and also examining generic aspects, such as the extraordinary maintenance of the coverage, specificities around the grace period computed from the mere exercise of rural activity and also of how to calculate the amount of the retirement benefits. The next chapter consists of going into the types of benefits, regarding their peculiarities verified in the rural sector. The research, in its final part, is also dedicated to related aspects that gain practical and theoretical importance for a better understanding of the main theme, related to the judicial process and the taxation (in the rural sector) that provides the amount required to pay the benefits / O presente ensaio pretende analisar, de forma esmiuçada, a cobertura previdenciária devida aos trabalhadores rurais (gênero), na perspectiva do exercício da jurisdição federal. O estudo tem início na análise do caminhar histórico da previdência rural no Brasil, seguida de um informativo panorâmico de direito comparado – no qual são descritos vários dos sistemas previdenciários rurais existentes ao redor do globo, e com maior detalhamento os de França, Espanha e Itália, que guardam similitudes consideráveis com o nosso -, o que propicia ao leitor conhecer o tema em sua dinâmica evolutiva e comparativa. A seguir, são examinados os dispositivos constitucionais especialmente aplicáveis ao setor e, ademais, cogita-se sobre as justificativas sociológicas e econômicas (especialmente) que justificam o tratamento diferenciado conferido pelo diploma máximo. No passo seguinte, a pesquisa perpassa por aspectos de caráter sociológico, discorrendo sobre a situação do homem do campo no Brasil, da agricultura familiar – inclusive os efeitos gerados pelo novo regime previdenciário sobre esta -, da evolução jurídica do trabalho campesino e um sucinto diagnóstico da situação da mulher dentro da previdência rural. Posteriormente, o trabalho ingressa em análise de caráter mais dogmático, destrinchando a legislação posta e dissecando cada ponto controverso, descrevendo minuciosamente as espécies de segurados rurais e todas suas características e examinando aspectos de caráter geral, como a manutenção extraordinária da qualidade de segurado, especificidades em torno da carência computada a partir do mero exercício de atividade rural e, também, sobre a apuração do salário-de-benefício. O estágio seguinte consiste em adentrar no estudo dos benefícios em espécie, quanto às suas peculiaridades verificadas no meio rural. A pesquisa, em sua parte final, se dedica ainda a aspectos correlatos que adquirem importância prática e teórica para melhor percepção do tema central, relacionados com o processo previdenciário de benefícios rurais e o custeio exigido dos atores atuantes no círculo campesino