Der Bericht dokumentiert die vom LfULG angewandte Methodik zur Ermittlung repräsentativer landwirtschaftlicher Modellbetriebe in Sachsen. Mittels einer Clusteranalyse wurden Daten aus der Agrarförderung und die Buchführungsergebnisse von Betrieben in Sachsen untersucht. Im Ergebnis konnten neun Betriebsgruppen ermittelt werden, die repräsentative Aussagen für Sachsen zulassen. Diese werden als Modellbetriebe beschrieben und anhand von Strukturmerkmalen und Kennzahlen in Form eines Steckbriefes definiert. Die Modellbetriebe erlauben Hochrechnungen zu verschiedensten agrarpolitischen Themenfeldern.

Agriculture of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia institutional change - production - exploitation The work considers changes of agricultural sector in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia that took place under pressure of occupation and war efforts of the Third Reich. It defines Nazi goals that were connected with agriculture, their methods that were to fulfil them and their results. The institutional change, production and exploitation build three main pillars of research. The institutional change, especially implementing of managed economy in agriculture and establishment of new institutions as instruments of Nazi control worked as the prerequisite for Nazi's performance in agriculture. The managed system of economy enabled implementation of wide range of administrative measures that significantly influenced agricultural production, its structure and intensity. The work analyzes relation between administration and performance of agriculture. The general change of this sector and its contribution to Germany are evaluated in wider context of Nazi's exploitation of occupied territories.

<p> </p> <p>This paper examines the relationship between the Federal Crop Insurance Program (FCIP) participation and technology adoption patterns, using farm-level data from the</p> <p>United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS). Participation in the federally subsidized crop insurance program may be correlated with technology adoption and other various risk management practices. Existing studies indicate that the subsidized FCIP may disincentivize producers from utilizing technology as a risk management tool. Empirical results indicate that producers enrolled in federal crop insurance programs may be more likely to have adopted PATs earlier than producers who were not enrolled in the FCIP. This could indicate that producers may not view the FCIP as a substitute for other risk management options, or that these producers may not view these technologies in the same risk-reducing lens as they may view the FCIP.</p>

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This thesis aims to analyze the impacts on U.S. and global sorghum trade, and whether China will continue importing sorghum from the global sorghum market for feed use, if the Chinese government cancels its corn price support policy and corn temporary reserve program nationwide. This study uses the USDA-ERS China Model and the Country-Commodity Linked System (CCLS) to simulate the impacts on U.S. sorghum exports and the reduction of sorghum's global price, global production, and global trade volumes. The simulations are based on three scenarios: if China's sorghum import volume decreased by 50% from USDA-ERS's baseline projection, if China's sorghum import volume decreased by 35% each year from the previous year, and if China's sorghum import volume decreased by 70% from USDA-ERS's baseline projection in year one and by 90% from USDA-ERS's baseline projection in subsequent years. The modeling system is a large scale multi-country and multi-commodity partial equilibrium dynamic simulation model which solves for global prices and trade using individual country models. Policy instruments are applied to the China model and solved globally. The USDA-ERS China Model and the CCLS, used to project Chinese and global sorghum trends, includes the following policy instruments: tariffs, quotas, tariff rate quotas, export tax, direct payments, input subsidies, and procurement policies. This model simulates projections using price and income elasticities and assumed values for exogenous variables such as income and population growth. This model also incorporates behavior of state trading enterprises and WTO commitments into imported and exported equations for sorghum. / Master of Science

The farm to school movement is partially supported by unofficial actors in the policymaking process who promote legislation to encourage activities such as local procurement, school gardening, and agricultural education. However, farm to school legislation can vary in its level of effectiveness and implementation throughout the United States. Research shows that Virginia has a low level of support and advocacy for farm to school activities when compared to other states. Unofficial actors, such as advocates, producers, and school nutrition professionals are uniquely qualified to identify challenges, opportunities, and suggestions on improving the policymaking process, due to their experiences with farm to school. This study addressed a gap in scholarly literature as there is limited research on the role that unofficial actors play in promoting farm to school during the legislative process. In this qualitative, case-study, the Stages Heuristic Model was used as a theoretical framework to explore unofficial actors' experiences as they participate in the agenda-setting and policy formulation stages of policy cycle in the Northern Virginia Region. The findings uncovered experiences that unofficial actors believed either prevented or made their engagement in policymaking more challenging. Opportunities and successes during these stages of advocacy were also examined. Further, participants provided suggestions to all policymaking actors to improve the process in the future. Key findings revealed the importance of themes such as collaboration, connectedness, and relationship building in the policymaking process. Additionally, unofficial actors generally found success in the "small wins'' of advocacy, such as increasing farm to school awareness, as opposed to more extensive legislative outcomes. / The farm to school movement is partially supported by active citizens in the policymaking process who promote legislation to encourage activities such as purchasing local foods, school gardening, and agricultural education. However, farm to school legislation can vary in its level of effectiveness and implementation throughout the United States. Research shows that Virginia has a low level of political advocacy for farm to school activities when compared to other states. Individuals such as advocates, farmers, and school nutrition professionals are uniquely qualified to identify challenges, opportunities, and suggestions on improving the policymaking process, due to their experiences with farm to school. This study addressed a gap in the academic community as there is limited research on the role these individuals play in promoting farm to school during the legislative process. In this study, a policymaking model was used as a foundation to explore individuals' experiences as they participate in the farm to school legislative process in the Northern Virginia Region. The findings uncovered experiences that respondents believed either prevented or made their engagement in policymaking more challenging. Opportunities and successes during these stages were also examined. Further, respondents provided suggestions to all policymakers for improving the process in the future. Key findings revealed the importance of collaboration, connectedness, and relationship building in the policymaking process. Additionally, respondents generally found success in "small wins," such as increasing farm to school awareness, as opposed to more extensive legislative outcomes.

This dissertation examines to what extent off-farm diversification may be an appropriate and accessible tool to mitigate the adverse effects from market failures and incompleteness in the crop and farm income insurance market. While the influence of the nonfarm sector has long been recognized as a primary force in shaping farm structure, off-farm income is rarely acknowledge as a risk management tool for operators and households of commercial farms. The dissertation develops a dynamic model that includes capital market imperfections, economies of scale in farm production, and the presence of adjustment costs in labor allocation decisions. The model provides a realistic characterization of the environment defining income and financial risks faced by farm operators, as well as the risk management alternatives available to them. It is found that introducing off-farm labor can substantially mitigate the adverse effects of farm income risk on farm operators' and households' welfare, even for larger commercial farms. However, the diversification of labor by the main operator seems to impose labor and managerial constraints that can reduce the intensity and technical efficiency of the farm production. Alternatively, diversification at the household level through the allocation of spousal labor off the farm provides benefits in mitigating the adverse effects of farm income risk on farm production and efficiency, and on operators and households welfare. It thus provides an efficient risk management alternative that is consistent with most rationales that are invoked to justify farm policies. Results suggest that the increasing incidence and importance of off-farm income within the farm population of most OECD countries is highly relevant in the design of effective farm policies This form of diversification can reduce the need and effectiveness of farm income stabilization polices. While it has been argued elsewhere that broader economic policies had a large influence in closing the income gap between farm and urban households, such policies may also have a role to play in addressing farm income risk issues and, in some cases, may represent more sustainable and efficient policy alternatives.

The research problem raised to this dissertation thesis is the evaluation of the probable impact of agricultural policy and social transfers on agricultural household income, taking into consideration the possible influence of changing direct support to agriculture payments on the social assistance payments that are granted to households following the principle of population income and economic condition testing. The research aim – to evaluate the impact of agricultural policy and social transfers on agricultural household income with respect to the relation between the both transfers. This dissertation research contributes to scientific discussion about the impact of agricultural policy transactions on agricultural household income with respect to the influence of agricultural policy current transfers on cash social assistance. This aspect has not been analyzed much, although, it is important for the existing reverse connection between agricultural policy current transfers and cash social assistance. In many cases agricultural policy transfers influence agricultural household income and one of the income sources – means-tested social benefit. / Disertaciniam tyrimui keliama mokslinė problema – kaip įvertinti galimą agrarinės politikos ir socialinių pervedimų poveikį žemdirbių namų ūkių pajamoms, atsižvelgiant į tai, kad pasikeitusios tiesioginės paramos žemės ūkiui išmokos gali daryti įtaką toms socialinės paramos išmokoms, kurios namų ūkiams skiriamos taikant gyventojų pajamų ir materialinės padėties testavimo principą. Tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti agrarinės politikos ir socialinių pervedimų poveikį žemdirbių namų ūkių pajamoms, atsižvelgus į ryšį tarp abejų pervedimų. Šiuo disertaciniu tyrimu prisidedama prie mokslinės diskusijos apie agrarinės politikos pervedimų poveikį žemdirbių namų ūkių pajamoms, atsižvelgiant į agrarinės politikos einamųjų pervedimų daromą poveikį piniginei socialinei paramai. Šis aspektas menkai išnagrinėtas, tačiau yra aktualus dėl egzistuojančio atvirkštinio ryšio tarp agrarinės politikos einamųjų pervedimų ir piniginės socialinės paramos. Daugeliu atvejų agrarinės politikos pervedimai įtakoja žemdirbių namų ūkių pajamas bei vieną iš pajamų šaltinių socialinę paramą, skiriamą finansinės padėties ir turto tikrinimo būdu.

The goal of this thesis is to give an insight in the legislation of the organic farming in the Czech Republic. The thesis is divided into four main parts. The first part presents an introduction to the topic, defines basic concepts such as sustainable agriculture, organic farming, organic farm or organic product. It outlines the historical development of organic farming, its basic principles and objectives, it also deals with genetic engineering and the reasons why they are not used in organic farming, and finally the relationship between organic farming and the protection of individual components of the environment. The second part describes the international regulation of organic agriculture, emphasis is placed on the Convention on Biological Diversity, the International Federation of Organic Agricultural Movements and Codex Alimentarius. The aim is to outline activities of the most important organizations, which were at the beginning of the development of organic agriculture in the world and in the Czech Republic, and which significantly contributed to designing the guidelines and the first laws governing organic farming and they are, in my opinion, up to the present day in a position where they not only can continue to intervene in the rulemaking but also given the gained experince they are supposed and...

The Common Agricultural Policy of the EU is one of the most important policies of the EU. The CAP is primarily engaged in providing sufficient food production, export and import of agricultural products, in development and innovation of the agriculture, rural development and in the improvement of living and working of the agricultural workers. The EU CAP was created to coordinate the different agricultural priorities of the member states and to find the optimal form of cooperation beneficial for the agriculture of the all participating states. The Common Agricultural Policy has been constantly evolving. Its coordination and functioning requires considerable financial costs and extensive legislative action. Currently, it is a very actual and important topic, that is why the CAP is the subject of this thesis. The aim of this thesis is to describe the EU Common Agricultural Policy from its inception to the present, to define its main problems and then to define perspectives for the future development and implementation of the Common Agricultural Policy. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first chapter discusses the basic characteristics of the Common Agricultural Policy. The first chapter deals with the bases and the creation of the Common Agricultural Policy at first. It defines the main...