abstract: Empirical research has supported that higher behavioral engagement with and higher affective pride toward the LGBTQ+ community are associated with greater psychological well-being among Latinx sexual minorities (e.g., lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, etc.). Less is known, however, about predictors of sexual identity development among Latinx sexual minorities. This study explores how heterosexist discrimination may be related to the exploration and affirmation of one’s sexual minority identity. Conversely, conflicts in allegiance (CIA), that is, the experience of perceived incompatibility Latinx sexual minorities may experience between their racial-ethnic and sexual minority identities, was examined as a potential negative correlate. This study applies a rejection-identification model and identity development theories to test the associations between heterosexist discrimination, conflicts in allegiances and sexual identity constructs (LGBTQ+ behavioral engagement and affective pride). Among a sample of 366 Latinx sexual minorities, this study found both heterosexist discrimination and conflicts in allegiances were significant predictors of LGBTQ+ behavioral engagement and affective pride. Additionally, data supported two mediational models that tested relations between heterosexist discrimination, LGBTQ+ behavioral engagement, and affective pride. This study contributes to our understanding of sexual minority identity among Latinx individuals. These findings can assist helping professionals and community centers in promoting psychological well-being among Latinx sexual minority individuals by informing identity-affirming practices and interventions. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Counseling Psychology 2018

D. H. Lawrence made the final break through the mask of Victorian prudery to gain a full conception of man and his role in the universe. His principal emphasis is on the restoration of man's conception of himself as animal, an animal capable of conceptualizing, but essentially animal all the same. In attempting to restore man to the mindless state of irrational animism, Lawrence did away with the conventional idea of man as the perfection of God's created universe. Lawrence did not conceive of man as being controller of the natural universe; he thought of man as being, like Mellors in Lady Chatterly's Lover, a warden who lives within natural order. He attacks vain intellectual sophistry of the scientific, industrial society and finds man to be a brute spirit caged by the conventions of his puny reason and his self-imposed social customs. Philosophically, he changes the emphasis from being to becoming.

Chan Chun Kit. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 248-255). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgements --- p.v / Content --- p.vi / List of Charts and Tables --- p.xii / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction: The Change of Attitude --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Research Background and Research Question --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Theoretical Framework --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- Research Significance --- p.4 / Chapter 1.4 --- Plan of the Thesis --- p.7 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Literature Review: Concerning Political Participation and Emigration --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2 --- Emigration --- p.10 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Literature of Emigration --- p.10 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Emigration in Hong Kong --- p.11 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Lesson from the Emigration Literature --- p.15 / Chapter 2.3 --- Political Participation --- p.16 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Meaning of Political Participation --- p.16 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- The Culturalist Theory --- p.19 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Political Participation in Hong Kong --- p.22 / Chapter 2.3.4 --- Limitations of Culturalist Theory --- p.25 / Chapter 2.4 --- An Alternative Approach: Hirschman's theory --- p.27 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Introduction to Hirschman's Theory --- p.28 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Relationship between Exit and Voice --- p.29 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- The Idea of Loyalty --- p.30 / Chapter 2.4.4 --- Amendment and Critiques of Hirschman's Original Theory --- p.32 / Chapter 2.4.5 --- Other Literatures of Loyalty and Loyalty in Hong Kong --- p.39 / Chapter 2.4.6 --- The Different Role of Loyalty between Hirschman´ةs Literature and Cultualist Theory --- p.41 / Chapter 2.5 --- Conclusion --- p.42 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Historical Review: Acting between Exit and Voice --- p.44 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.44 / Chapter 3.2 --- Push Factors --- p.45 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Political Situation before 1997 --- p.45 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Economic Situation before 1997 --- p.47 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Political Situation after 1997 --- p.49 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Economic Situation after 1997 --- p.52 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- The Overall Perception of Hong Kong Future --- p.57 / Chapter 3.3 --- Pull Factors --- p.59 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- The Difficulty for Applying a Foreign Residency --- p.60 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Economic Situation before 1997 --- p.63 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Economic Situation after 1997 --- p.65 / Chapter 3.4 --- Pattern of Political Participation and Emigration --- p.73 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Pattern of Political Participation and Emigration before 1997 --- p.73 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Pattern of Political Participation and Emigration after 1997 --- p.75 / Chapter 3.5 --- The Puzzle --- p.79 / Chapter 3.6 --- Conclusion --- p.81 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Theory and Method: Accessing Loyalty --- p.83 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.83 / Chapter 4.2 --- Research Aim --- p.83 / Chapter 4.3 --- Putting Emigration into the Spectrum of Political Participation --- p.84 / Chapter 4.4 --- Subject of Study --- p.86 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Middle Class Individuals as Quality Conscious Consumer --- p.86 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- The Definition of Middle Class --- p.88 / Chapter 4.5 --- Conceptualizing and Operationalizing Loyalty --- p.90 / Chapter 4.6 --- The Effects of Loyalty --- p.92 / Chapter 4.7 --- Research Approach --- p.95 / Chapter 4.7.1 --- Research Method - Qualitative Data Analysis --- p.95 / Chapter 4.7.2 --- Scope of Sample - Deviant Critical Case --- p.96 / Chapter 4.7.3 --- Sampling Method - Theoretical Sampling --- p.97 / Chapter 4.8 --- Conducting Interviews --- p.99 / Chapter 4.9 --- Data Analysis --- p.100 / Chapter 4.10 --- Conclusion --- p.101 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Findings and Analysis I: Foundation of the Research: Perception after 97 --- p.103 / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.103 / Chapter 5.2 --- Perception about the 1997-2003 Period --- p.103 / Chapter 5.3 --- Deteriorated Areas --- p.105 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Government Performance --- p.105 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- Political Atmosphere --- p.107 / Chapter 5.3.3 --- Economic Atmosphere --- p.108 / Chapter 5.4 --- The Most Concerned Areas in Past Decades --- p.109 / Chapter 5.4.1 --- Liberty --- p.109 / Chapter 5.4.2 --- Rule of Law --- p.110 / Chapter 5.4.3 --- "The Implementation of ""One Country, Two System" --- p.113 / Chapter 5.5 --- The Perception of Democracy --- p.117 / Chapter 5.6 --- Most Recognized Issues --- p.120 / Chapter 5.6 --- Accessing the Research Question --- p.122 / Chapter 5.7 --- Conclusion --- p.122 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Findings and Analysis II: Foundation of the Research: Loyalty: Emergence and level of Loyalty --- p.124 / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.124 / Chapter 6.2 --- Loyalty to Hong Kong --- p.124 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Hong Kong Loyalist --- p.125 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Loyal Complainer of Hong Kong --- p.127 / Chapter 6.2.3 --- The Share Characteristic of “Hong Kong Loyalist´ح and “Loyal Complainer of Hong Kong´ح --- p.130 / Chapter 6.2.4 --- Hong Kong Disloyalist --- p.132 / Chapter 6.3 --- Common Belief ´ؤ The Idea of Liberty --- p.132 / Chapter 6.4 --- Loyalty to China --- p.133 / Chapter 6.4.1 --- China Loyalist --- p.134 / Chapter 6.4.2 --- Separated China Loyalist --- p.136 / Chapter 6.4.3 --- Loyal Complainer of China --- p.139 / Chapter 6.4.4 --- China Disloyalist --- p.141 / Chapter 6.5 --- Common Belief- Psychological Distance --- p.142 / Chapter 6.6 --- Sense of Influent Ability --- p.143 / Chapter 6.6.1 --- Contribution to Hong Kong --- p.144 / Chapter 6.6.2 --- Contribution to China --- p.146 / Chapter 6.6.3 --- Affecting Government's policy --- p.149 / Chapter 6.7 --- Expectation about Future --- p.151 / Chapter 6.8 --- Accessing the Research Question --- p.153 / Chapter 6.9 --- Conclusion --- p.154 / Chapter Chapter 7 --- Findings and Analysis III: Relationship between Loyalty and the July-First Demonstration --- p.157 / Chapter 7.1 --- Introduction --- p.157 / Chapter 7.2 --- Reasons for Joining The Demonstration --- p.157 / Chapter 7.2.1 --- The Dominating Reason --- p.158 / Chapter 7.2.2 --- The Sense of Hongkongese --- p.161 / Chapter 7.2.3 --- Loyalty of Other Organization --- p.163 / Chapter 7.2.3 --- Misunderstanding --- p.164 / Chapter 7.3 --- The Effect of Loyalty in the July-first Demonstration --- p.165 / Chapter 7.4 --- Other Effects of the Demonstration --- p.170 / Chapter 7.5 --- The Post July-first Era and Further Political Participations --- p.172 / Chapter 7.5.1 --- Political Situation --- p.172 / Chapter 7.5.2 --- Economic and Social Situations --- p.175 / Chapter 7.5.3 --- Satisfaction --- p.175 / Chapter 7.5.4 --- Further Political Actions --- p.177 / Chapter 7.6 --- Factor(s) for Simulating Further Demonstrations --- p.179 / Chapter 7.7 --- Discussion --- p.180 / Chapter 7.7.1 --- Loyalty and Demonstration in Hong Kong --- p.180 / Chapter 8.7.2 --- Liberty and Demonstration in Hong Kong --- p.182 / Chapter 8.7.3 --- The level of Satisfaction and the Effectiveness of Demonstration in Hong Kong --- p.184 / Chapter 7.8 --- Conclusion --- p.185 / Chapter Chapter 8 --- Findings and Analysis IV: Relationship between Loyalty and Emigration --- p.187 / Chapter 8.1 --- Introduction --- p.187 / Chapter 8.2 --- Emigration --- p.187 / Chapter 8.2.1 --- Intention of Leaving Hong Kong --- p.188 / Chapter 8.2.2 --- Reasons for Staying --- p.189 / Chapter 8.3 --- Intention of Settlement in China --- p.192 / Chapter 8.3.1 --- Reason of Having the Intention --- p.193 / Chapter 8.3.2 --- Reasons for Staying --- p.193 / Chapter 8.4 --- Cause of Reluctant Emigration --- p.196 / Chapter 8.5 --- The Effect of Loyalty in Emigration --- p.197 / Chapter 8.6 --- Discussion --- p.201 / Chapter 8.6.1 --- Loyalty and Emigration in Hong Kong --- p.201 / Chapter 8.6.2 --- The Effect of the Loyalty of China --- p.203 / Chapter 8.6.3 --- The Credibility of the Threat of Exit --- p.204 / Chapter 8.7 --- Conclusion --- p.205 / Chapter Chapter 9 --- "Conclusion: Re-visiting Exit, Voice and Loyalty" --- p.207 / Chapter 9.1 --- Introduction --- p.207 / Chapter 9.2 --- Summary of the Findings from the Study --- p.208 / Chapter 9.2.1 --- Perception about the Post-97 Situation of Hong Kong --- p.208 / Chapter 9.2.2 --- The Sense of Loyalty --- p.208 / Chapter 9.2.3 --- Relationship between Loyalty and Demonstration --- p.209 / Chapter 9.2.4 --- Relationship between Loyalty and Emigration --- p.210 / Chapter 9.3 --- Discussion of Hirschman's Theory --- p.211 / Chapter 9.3.1 --- Signal Product V.S. Multi-products --- p.211 / Chapter 9.3.2 --- Effects of Loyalty --- p.213 / Chapter 9.3.3 --- Single Loyalty V.S. Multi-loyalties --- p.214 / Chapter 9.3.4 --- "The Tension between Loyalty, Exit and Voice" --- p.216 / Chapter 9.4 --- The Trend of Future --- p.217 / Chapter 9.5 --- Political Implications --- p.219 / Chapter 9.5.1 --- Soft Authoritarianism and Administrative Absorption of Politics --- p.219 / Chapter 9.5.2 --- Liberty cannot be Infringed --- p.221 / Chapter 9.5.3 --- Lack of Strong Demand for Immediate Democratization --- p.221 / Chapter 9.5.4 --- Articulation of Public Opinion --- p.223 / Chapter 9.6 --- Research Limitations --- p.223 / Chapter 9.7 --- Suggestions for Further Researches --- p.225 / Chapter 9.8 --- Conclusion --- p.227 / Appendix --- p.229 / Appendix I Immigrate to Canada: Immigrating to Canada as a Skilled Worker --- p.229 / Appendix II Immigrate to Australia: General skilled migration program --- p.235 / Appendix III Immigrate to United States of America: Apply for Immigrant Status Based on Employment --- p.239 / Appendix IV Interview Schedule (Abridged) --- p.244 / Appendix V Demographic Information of Interviewees --- p.247 / Bibliography --- p.248

Constitutive rhetoric theory posits that community identity is rhetorically created. There are various approaches to constitutive rhetoric, though most rhetoricians have chosen to focus on the works of Maurice Charland and Michael McGee, whose approaches focus on audience so much that often the rhetor has no agency. This project blends their ideas with those of James Boyd White to create works of criticism that highlight an increased amount of agency for the rhetor. As examples, I have chosen four case studies from the year 1954: the Brown v. Board decision, the Army-McCarthy hearing (specifically McCarthy's heated exchange with Joe Welch), the addition of "under God" to the Pledge of Allegiance, and the first article in the first dated issue of Playboy. Each chapter is designed to provide an example of what a constitutive analysis in the style of White would look like. The project begins with a description of the theories and analyses, including constitutive rhetoric, postmodernism, and textual analysis. The Brown v. Board analysis begins with a brief history of the case, moves to a rhetorical analysis, and then connects the analysis to ideas of constitutive rhetoric. The McCarthy sections examines the "Have you no sense of decency?" exchange between Welch and McCarthy. It begins with a brief explanation of McCarthy's reputation, and then utilizes an understanding of conspiracy rhetoric in the rhetorical analysis in order to explain McCarthy's constitutive efforts. The Pledge of Allegiance analysis provides a brief a summary of the Congressional arguments made to add the words "under God" to the Pledge of Allegiance, then provides a textual analysis of the Pledge (with the addition), emphasizing the power of those words, especially given the epideictic nature of the Pledge. The Playboy research focuses on the first 1954 article, which directly addresses the question of American identity. The article is contextualized with Hugh Hefner's self-proclaimed Philosophy of Playboy. Finally, all of these case studies are tied together again with further explanations of constitutive rhetoric, showing that White's understanding of constitutive rhetoric can be used to bolster Charland and McGee's in order to give agency to the rhetor.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of Political Science, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 200-215).

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:33:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcos Jose da Costa.pdf: 1186278 bytes, checksum: 3b885ccf976959ebf53f2e9fed14b3cf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-07 / The issue of resolution Supeiror Electoral Court on the regulation of party loyaly, with a forecast of disciplining and even the loss of political Office, brought up the discussion about the limits of review function, which is not for the magistrate to enter the harvest political issues. If the decision provides for the disqualification of candidates by political as an infidel, is also the question of whether the judiciary can provide a chance for loss of office not covered by the Federal Constitution. An analysis of the political scene and the legalization of politics should be discussed to the end understand this posture of the judiciary in our country. / A edição da Resolução do Tribunal Superior Eleitoral sobre a regulamentação da Fidelidade Partidária, com previsão de punições e até a perda do mandato político, trouxe à tona a discussão a respeito dos limites da função jurisdicional, onde não cabe ao magistrado ingressar na seara de questões políticas. No caso, a decisão que prevê a perda do mandato político ao candidato considerado infiel, gera também a questão se poderia o Judiciário prever uma hipótese de perda de mandato não prevista pela Constituição Federal. Uma análise do cenário político brasileiro e a judicialização da política devem ser discutidos para ao final entendermos esta postura do Poder Judiciário de nosso país.

Following the announcement of the establishment of a Caliphate in 2014, individuals and groups from all corners of the world pledged their allegiance to the Islamic State. Of particular interest to this study are violent terrorist groups based in Southeast Asia. The thesis focuses on this region as, despite obvious geographical constraints, local bay'ah pledges have allowed ISIS to suddenly emerge in the region with a large and well organised force allowing for an increase in terrorist activities and ultimately the capture of Marawi, the largest city to fall under the ISIS banner outside of Syria and Iraq. But a question remains too often unanswered - why do terrorist groups ally? While the dynamic is rare and paradoxical due to groups' illicit and clandestine nature, strategic alliances between terrorist groups are far from being a new phenomenon. While a handful of scholars dared to explore this complex field, it remains under-theorised to this day. This thesis uses an available list of studies and analyses on terrorist alliances and complements it with theories related to alliances between states in order to understand the rationale behind Southeast Asian Islamists alliance with ISIS. While there lacks a consensus as to why groups ally, the study finds it to be a multi-dimensional and mutually...

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Patriotic education began when the Woman’s Relief Corps was established. The earliest patriotic education was done on Memorial Day rather than on a daily basis in the schoolroom. The WRC’s plan for patriotic education went into full gear in 1893. The history of the Woman’s Relief Corps and the implementation of patriotic education is a fascinating one that shows how a conservative organization of women implemented a regimented daily routine that today shows more about the women and their beliefs than one might expect. As time passed after the Civil War, more and more Union veterans died leaving the legacy to keep the memory of the War alive to the WRC. Patriotic education provided a perfect avenue to keep that memory alive as well as to inculcate the students with patriotism and how to be good citizens. As patriotic education evolved and grew, there was a pattern of changing rhetoric among educators and the WRC. This is visible when one looks at the discussions amongst the members of the WRC during and immediately after a war. Generally, during a war, the women of the WRC would step back into a supportive role of American military and then immediately after a war would take advantage of the patriotic fervor to further expand patriotic education.

Bibliography: pages 103-109. / This document suggests and then illustrates a neglect in the study of American civil religious ritual. It argues that a primary carrier for American civil religion has been the public school system and that one vehicle used in the task of perpetuating the American identity has been the civil religious ritual of saying the Pledge of Allegiance which most American school children routinely perform at the start of each school day. The methodological approach used in this study of the Pledge ritual is a process analysis formulated by Ronald Grimes which combines the concern of sociology with that of history. Three key questions are dealt with: the process of change (a historical study); the social process effecting the ritual (this centers on the legal conflicts) and the processes which the ritual affect (this concentrates on grassroots responses to the ritual and the power, positive or negative, which it generates. The negative power behind the ritual is a dynamic force which has left its mark in the legislature of the country and in the attitude of the adult population towards the Pledge of Allegiance. This paper identifies and explains four motivators which underlie much of the ritual processing, namely, consensus, conflict, crisis and control. It concludes that the Pledge of Allegiance ritual is a dynamic force which reflects the growth and development of the civil-religious dimension of the American nation.

Forced recruitment has been found to retain members longer than voluntary recruitment. This raises a puzzle, both as coercion is costly, but also for allegiance. In most settings, tactics are dynamic over the course of conflict. Yet, prior literature has assumed these as static. Allegiance is further highlighted in prior research as key to success in forced rebel recruitment, but has rarely been measured as an outcome. This thesis seeks to contribute to these gaps in a twofold way, by theorising that a combination of physical and psychological coercive tactics in forced rebel recruitment affect the level of allegiance across rebel groups. The examined rebel groups are Lord’s Resistance Army in Uganda (LRA) and Mozambique’s National Resistance (RENAMO) in Mozambique. This is conducted by a qualitative, small-N study with a comparative case study method. The theory and hypothesis found some support in the empirical findings even though some discrepancies were identified. In general, a high and intense combination of physical and psychological coercive tactics were found to cause high levels of allegiance in LRA, whereas a lower and less intense combination were found to cause moderate levels of allegiance in RENAMO. Both relationships were reinforced by causal mechanisms of social identification.