The thesis deals with the issues of financing the regional school system (schools established by regions, municipalities or associations of municipalities) in all regions of the Czech Republic from the state budget with respect to particular types of schools (kindergartens, primary schools, secondary schools) and in accordance with applicable regulations and the ways proposed by the Ministry of Education. It also mentions potential future prospects. The thesis is based on the conclusions of Educational Policy Strategy of the Czech Republic till 2020, which prefers stability and greater predictability in financing the education policy. The thesis compares the regional per capita amounts for individual types of schools, calculated according to the current method of financing, with the Conceptual Reform Plan for Financing the Regional Education System, issued by the Ministry of Education in 2011. The aim of the thesis is to decide (through the analysis and critical evaluation of the results obtained) which funding system appears to be preferable and fairer for particular types of schools. The results of the research could potentially be used for making comparisons with the newly prepared reforms of financing the regional education system.

Diploma thesis gives a brief description of the traditional technology of preparation of lime mortars for restoration of historical buildings. The theoretical part is focused on the preparation of lime mortars traditional methods, using appropriate materials for making and influence amount of water. Attention is also paid to the events that take place in the setting and hardening of lime mortar. In the experimental part of the research was conducted, which aimed to assess the influence of water-cement ratio and mixing ratio (binder to filler) on the properties of lime mortars. At various times were measured mechanical properties, density, shrinkage, frost resistance and porosity. The mortar was also carried out thermal analysis and found to contain calcium carbonate. Acquired knowledge could help in the reconstruction of historical buildings.

Trifft herabfallender Regen auf Waldflächen, so wird dieser Niederschlag umverteilt zu Interzeption, Stammabfluss, durchfallenden und abtropfenden Niederschlag. Besonders hohe Stammablaufmengen im Kronenzentrum und markante Abtropfstellen am Kronenrand einzelner Baumarten lassen sich zudem nur erklären, wenn am jeweiligen Messplatz unter Baumkronen eine weitere Niederschlagskomponente zugelassen wird, mit der laterale Wasserbewegungen innerhalb der expliziten Einzelbaumkrone beschrieben und bilanziert werden (lateraler [Zu- oder Ab-]Fluss). Ziel dieser Arbeit war es deshalb, der niederschlagsabhängigen und kleinräumigen Dynamik dieser Umverteilung im Wald am Beispiel der Baumarten Buche (Fagus sylvatica L.) und Fichte (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) durch Aufnahmen und Auswertungen in zwei Mischbeständen beider Baumarten nachzugehen. Wiederholende Niederschlagsaufzeichnungen einzelner Regenereignisse wurden hierzu in Relation zur jeweiligen Freilandniederschlagsmenge, zur Art der Messplatzüberschirmung im Kronendach und zur Distanz des Messplatzes zum ihn dominierenden Baum varianz- und regressionsanalytisch untersucht und um Ergebnisse aus Stammablaufanalysen und Streumodellen ergänzt. Auf dieser Basis konnten Kausalmodelle zur Schätzung des Unterkronenniederschlages mit hoher Güte hergeleitet werden, die im Detail ein baumartspezifisches räumliches Verhalten der einzelnen Niederschlagskomponenten beim Passieren der Baumkrone belegen. Neben den Besonderheiten, die sich bei Messungen in Bestandeslücken einstellen, ergeben sich so z.B. in der Vegetationsperiode je nach Messplatzposition und Freilandniederschlagsmenge Unterschiede im Niederschlag unter beiden Baumartenkronen von bis zu 35 % des Freilandniederschlages je Einzelereignis und zwar stets zugunsten der Buchenüberschirmung. Am Stammfuss von Buchen kann darüber hinaus zusätzliches Wasser durch den Stammabfluss eingetragen werden. Hierfür notwenige Wassermengen können plausibel aus dem nachgewiesenen lateralen Wasserabfluss im inneren Kronendrittel von Buchen gedeckt werden. Über ein räumlich konkretes Interzeptionsmodell, kombiniert mit Blattflächenschätzungen für Einzelbäume konkreter Dimension, konnte ein räumliches LAI-Modell für Buchen abgeleitet werden, dass höchste LAI-Werte im Kronenzentrum annimmt. Da der Bestandesniederschlag hinsichtlich Niederschlagsmenge, Bestockung, Belaubungszustand und zum räumlich konkreten Messplatz unter der einzelnen Baumkrone veränderlich ist, wird die gewissenhaftere Berücksichtigung dieser Einflussvariablen angeregt und der bisher häufig praktizierten pauschalen Aufteilung des Niederschlages in einzelne Niederschlagskomponenten auf Basis von Flächen- und Messphasendurchschnittswerten widersprochen. / Forests redistribute the precipitation falling on their canopy into interception, stemflow, drip or direct throughfall. Extremely high amounts of stemflow in the centre of the crown and distinct drip points along the crown edge of certain tree species can only be explained by admitting an additional precipitation component at these measurement locations that describes and captures the lateral movement of water within the individual tree crown (lateral in- or outflow). The aim of this study was therefore to analyse these precipitation-dependent, small-scale dynamics of precipitation redistribution in forests using field-measurements from two mixed stands of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). Periodic measurements of individual precipitation events were examined in relation to the respective gross precipitation, the type of canopy above a plot and the distance of a plot to its dominant sheltering canopy tree using variance and regression analysis, and complemented with stemflow analyses and litterfall models. Using this dataset, causal models for the high-precision estimation of throughfall were derived, showing tree species-specific pathways of the individual precipitation components through the tree crown. Apart from the particularities of measurements in canopy gaps, differences in throughfall between spruce and beech during the vegetation period amount to up to 35 % of gross precipitation per event, in favour of the beech canopy and depending on plot location. At the stem base of beech trees additional water can reach the forest floor via stemflow. The amount of water required to generate this stemflow can plausibly be explained by means of the verified lateral water flow in the inner third of beech crowns. Using a spatially explicit interception model combined with LAI estimates for specific individual trees, a spatial LAI model was developed for beech, showing maximal LAI values in the crown centre. As the net forest precipitation is sensitive with respect to precipitation amount, stand type, foliage status and the spatially explicit plot location below an individual tree crown, this study recommends the consideration of these influential factors and contradicts the commonly practiced blanket partitioning of precipitation into individual components based on spatial and temporal averages.

Alle laktierenden Ziegen aus 12 hessischen Milchziegen-Betriebe wurden über einen Zeitraum von 2 Jahren beprobt. 83,6 % der 2038 Hälftegemelksproben waren kulturell negativ. 10,7 % der bakteriologisch positiven Proben waren Koagulase-negative Staphylokokken. Zur KNS-Differenzierung wurden Kulturmorphologie, ID32 Staph-Test, in-vitro-Sensitivität gegenüber Antibiotika und die t-DNA-PCR angewandt. Keines dieser Verfahren konnte alleinig zur Identifizierung der KNS-Isolate erfolgreich angewandt werden, nur die Kombination der Verfahren war zielführend. Nachgewiesen wurden die Spezies S. caprae, S. epidermidis, S. simulans, S. hyicus, S. saprophyticus, S. chromogenes, S. lentus, S. xylosus und S. hominis. Weiterhin wurde nach Methoden gesucht, um die subklinische Mastitis der Ziege diagnostizieren zu können. Hier erscheint der Vergleich der Zellzahl beider Euterhälften einer Ziege geeignet, um eine subklinische Mastitis abgrenzen zu können. Aufgrund der erhöhten Zellzahl, der Erregernachweis in Reinkultur sowie des Vergleichs mit der kultur-bakteriologisch negativen Euterhälfte erscheint die ätiologische Bedeutung der nachgewiesenen KNS-Isolate als Mastitiserreger der Ziege wahrscheinlich. / All lactating goats out of 12 hessian Dairy-goat-farms were being tested over a period of 2 years. 83,6 % of 2038 half-milk-samples were bacteriological negative. 10,7 % of the bacteriological positive samples were Coagulase-negative staphylococci. For KNS-differentiation morphology of culture, ID 32 Staph Test, in-vitro-sensitivity against antibiotics and t-DNA-PCR were evaluated. None of these methods could be used alone to identify the CNS isolates, the combination of the methods led to results. The species S. caprae, S. epidermidis, S. simulans, S. hyicus, S. saprophyticus, S. chromogenes, S. lentus, S. xylosus and S. hominis were found. Further it was searched for methods to diagnose subclinical mastitis of goats. The comparison of cell amount of both udder halfs of a goat seems to be adequate to diagnose subclinical mastitis. Because of increased cell amount, proof of agent in pure culture and comparison with the bacteriological negative udder half the etiological impact of the detected CNS-Isolates as causative agents of goat-mastitis is likely.

The target of the diploma thesis was the assessment of efficiency of the system of common facilities in Hať and Darkovice cadastral areas. Digital model of elevation was made by software Atlas DMT. Average soil loss by soil erosion of given subbasins was evaluated by ArcGis tools before and after the design of conservation measures. Polder’s efficiency was evaluated also. Another part of thesis offers alternative design of erosion and flood control.

No description available.

There has existed for many years a memory enhancement technique ("memory pegs") that although having dramatic demonstrable success in some individual cases has not been generally applied in education. The emergence of constructivist epistemology has emphasised the notion that learning occurs as a result of connecting new material with previously learnt concepts. There is, therefore, the implication that effective learning requires some previous knowledge upon which to attach new concepts - and thus realisation of the importance of learning with respect to acquiring factual information as a prerequisite to learning new processes and/or skills. This issue has focussed my attention on the need to ensure that the more physiological skills of accessing 'memory', both for learning and recall, are optimised for maximum learning. Further, there are some indications that the physiological skills of memory access (storage and retrieval) may respond favourably to training and 'exercise'. This study was designed to find out whether or not a repeated 'exercise' using a simple memory enhancement technique would lead to a determinable and statistically significant increase in overall performance in a range of cognitive skills (as indicated by science and mathematics examination results), whether learning such a technique would affect a student's attitudes towards science, whether there was a relationship between the amount of time spent practicing the technique and the degree of effect, and whether the memory technique did actually improve the ability to recall lists of objects.

The world-wide intensification of agriculture has led to a decline in species richness due to land use change, isolation, and fragmentation of natural and semi-natural habitats in agricultural and forestry landscapes. As a consequence, there is a current landscape management focus on the importance of green infrastructure to mitigate biodiversity decline and preserve ecosystem functions e.g. pollination services and pest control. Even though intensification in agriculture has been ongoing for several hundreds of years, remnant habitats from earlier management practices may still be remaining with a surprisingly high plant richness. Preserving these habitats could help conserving plant species richness in agricultural landscapes, as well as other organisms that are dependent on plants for food and shelter. In this thesis I focus on two small remnant habitats; midfield islets and borders between managed forest and crop field in southeastern Sweden. In the past, both habitats were included in the grazing system and therefore often still have remnant population of grassland specialist species left today. I have used these two remnant habitats as model habitats to investigate the effect of landscape factors and local factors on species richness of plants, flower morphologies and plants with fleshy fruits. Additively, I analysed the effect of surrounding landscape and local openness on the functions; pollination success, biological pest control of aphids and seed predation on midfield islets. One of my studies showed that spatial distribution and size of the habitat affected plant species richness. Larger habitat size and higher connectivity between habitats increased species richness of plants in the habitats. Openness of the habitats was shown to be an important factor to increase species richness and richness of flower morphologies, both on midfield islets and in forest borders. Even though midfield islets had the highest species and morphology richness, both habitat types are needed for habitat complementary as forest borders have more plants with fleshy fruits and a higher richness of plant species that flowers in spring/early summer. It was also shown that a more complex forest border, not just with gaps in the canopy, but also with high variation in tree stem sizes increases plant species richness in the field layer. The conclusion is that by managing small remnant habitats to remain or become more semi-open and complex in their structure, would increase species richness of plants, grassland specialist species, and flower morphologies. It would also increase some ecosystem functions as seed predation and biologic pest control of aphids are more effective close to trees. If both midfield islets and forest borders would be managed to be semi-open, the area and connectivity of semi-open habitat would increase in the agricultural landscape, which may also improve pollination success as the connectivity between populations has a possibility to increase. Grassland specialist species are clearly abundant in the small remnant habitats. As the decline of semi-natural grasslands is causing a decline in grassland specialists’ species, not only plants, I recommend that small remnant habitats are included in conservation and management plans and strategies to improve habitat availability and connectivity for grassland species in agricultural landscapes. / <p>Research funder Ekoklim. Project:4339602.</p><p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 4: Manuscript.</p>

1.Summary - review in English The above-mentioned work comprises of two basic issues that are connected together, namely commentary on Insurance Policy Act as general introduction into the field of insurance policies and consequent and special issue of legal expenses insurance interpretation. The basic meaning of it was to introduce not only the provisons concerning insurance policies, but also to show one of the insurance policies type in details, what could be hardly possible or satisfactory without preceding description of the Insurance Policy Act. Thus, complete summary of this work will be divided into two parts; first would be the part concerning Insurance Policy Act and second would be the part concerning legal expenses insurance. 1.1.Insurance Policy Act - Summary The first part of this work concerned, as mentioned above, the Insurance Policy Act, whereas my primary aim was to interpret provisions of this act that were worth it and point out namely on imperfections of the existing legislature. It wasn't and wouldn't be of any significant value just to copy and paste individual provisions of the act, therefore, this work aimed primarily on introduction of new ideas and as a basis for that served a confrontation with the actual wording and its interpretation, whereas plain consent with what was...

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, derivates of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, chromatography