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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

Undersökning av parasitförekomst hos grisar hållna under ekologiska eller KRAV-förhållanden i Sverige / Investigation of parasite occurrence in pigs kept under organic or KRAV conditions in Sweden

Saarsoo, Elisabeth January 2020 (has links)
The pig production in Sweden is divided into conventional and organic production, with the organic production divided into EU organic and KRAV production. Pigs are divided into different age categories: weaned pigs, growing pigs, fattening pigs, gilts/sows before farrowing and dry sows. Roundworm, nodular worm, whipworm, coccidia, red stomach worm, threadworm and lungworm are common parasites in pigs affecting growth, feed conversion and economy. Organic pigs are more exposed to parasites because of outdoor stay and deworming could help if used with care. The aim of this project was to investigate parasites in pig herds with organic production. The investigation would increase the knowledge of parasites in different age categories in currently used production systems and contribute to good recommendations about parasite control and treatment. A modified McMaster technique was used to identify and quantify parasite eggs with microscope. Larval culturing and microscopy were used to distinguish eggs from nodular worm and red stomach worm. Roundworm, nodular worm, whipworm and coccidia were found in all age categories. Threadworm was only identified in dry sows and gilts/sows before farrowing. Nodular worm and coccidia showed highest quantity of positive samples at herd and sample level followed by roundworm and whipworm. Roundworm and nodular worm had highest quantity of eggs per gram faeces followed by whipworm and threadworm. The results corresponded to previous studies in parasite occurrence despite new conditions. More samples, herds and environmental factors should be investigated in conjunction with parasite occurrence to get broader knowledge and to give good recommendations in parasite control and treatment.
42

Incidence, clinical appraisal and treatment of haemonchosis in small ruminants of resource-poor areas in South Africa

Vatta, Adriano Francis 23 February 2003 (has links)
A novel clinical assay for the assessment and subsequent treatment of Haemonchus infection in sheep to slow down the development of anthelmintic resistance – the FAMACHA / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2001. / Veterinary Tropical Diseases / unrestricted
43

The dual role of Haemonchus contortus ABC transporters in macrocyclic lactone resistance and their extrusion activity on the parasite's lipidomics

Rezanezhad Dizaji, Behrouz 07 1900 (has links)
La résistance aux lactones macrocycliques (LM) constitue une préoccupation croissante dans le contrôle des nématodes parasitaires, notamment l'Haemonchus contortus chez les ruminants. Parmi les mécanismes étudiés dans la résistance aux LM chez les nématodes d’importance en santé animale, il y a les pompes ABC, principalement les glycoprotéines-p, connues pour leur rôle dans la détoxification des LM chez les strongles. Il n'existe toutefois aucune étude sur l'extrusion des lipides par les pompes ABC en tant que produits excrétoires/sécrétoires provenant d'H. contortus (Hc-PES). Nous émettons l’hypothèse que les pompes ABC chez H. contortus sont à la fois impliquées dans l’extrusion de LM (contribuant à la résistance aux antihelminthiques) et dans l’efflux de lipides secrétés par le parasite. Notre objectif était de caractériser le rôle des pompes ABC chez H. contortus dans le contexte de la résistance aux LM et de l'extrusion des lipides. L'efficacité de l'ivermectine, un membre de LM, a été évaluée dans 8 fermes étudiées par un test de réduction de la numération des œufs dans les selles (TRNOS). Les niveaux d'expression des pompes ABC ont été évalués dans des isolats de champ d’H. contortus avec des résultats TRNOS faibles (présumé souches résistantes). D’ailleurs, des vers adultes d’H. contortus ont été incubés avec trois inhibiteurs de pompes ABC, dont le Fumitremorgin C, le Kétoconazole et le Mk-571 à concentrations différentes. Les lipides ont été identifiés par CL/SM dans les milieux de culture récupérés à 2 h, à 4 h et à 8 h après l'incubation d’H. contortus dans les groupes contrôle et traités. L'expression des gènes Hco-pgp-2 et Hco-pgp-3 était augmentée chez les isolats de champ d’H. contortus. Nous avons identifié 1045 lipides appartenant à diverses catégories. L'extrusion des lipides en Hc-PES a changé en présence d'inhibiteurs de pompes ABC, en particulier pour les lipides composés de structures correspondant à celles pour le transport par les pompes ABC. Nous avons donc conclu que les pompes ABC chez H. contortus représentent un système de multi-extrusion et sont impliquées dans la sécrétion de lipides avec importance dans l’interaction avec l’hôte, mais aussi dans la résistance aux LM chez le nématode. / Macrocyclic lactones (MLs) resistance is a growing concern in controlling parasitic nematodes, particularly Haemonchus contortus in the ruminants’ industry. ABC transporters are known to participate in translocating various lipophilic molecules, including MLs and lipids. Some ABC transporters, mostly P-glycoproteins are known to be involved in MLs detoxification in parasitic nematodes; but there is no data about extrusion of lipids by ABC transporters as Excretory/Secretory Products in H. contortus (Hc-ESP). We hypothesize that ABC transporters in H. contortus have a dual role participating in the efflux of MLs, thus contributing to anthelmintic resistance, and in the extrusion of lipids out of the parasite. This study aimed to characterize the role of H. contortus ABC transporters in the context of ML resistance and the extrusion of lipids. Ivermectin (a member of MLs) efficacy was evaluated in 8 studied farms by the fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT). The expression levels of ABC transporters were evaluated in field isolates of H. contortus with low FECRT results (suspected of resistance). H. contortus adult worms were incubated with three ABC inhibitors, such as Fumitremorgin C, Ketoconazole and Mk-571 with different concentrations. Lipids were identified by LC/MS in culture media at 2h, 4h and 8h post incubation with H. contortus in control and treated groups. Hco-pgp-2 and Hco-pgp-3 were found upregulated in H. contortus field isolates. We identified 1045 lipid molecules belonging to different categories. Interestingly, the lipid profile in Hc-ESP was altered in the presence of ABC transporter inhibitors, which shows structural features compatible as substrates for nematode transporters’ activity. Therefore, ABC transporters in H. contortus participate in extrusion of lipids and also may help in detoxification of MLs, becoming a multipurpose pumping system involved in ML resistance and secretion of lipids at the interplay with the host and among nematodes.

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