This study investigated the relationship between childhood maltreatment and social networking addiction to determine if it was mediated by anxious-avoidant attachment. It was hypothesized that the presence of an anxious-avoidant attachment pattern developed as a result of childhood maltreatment would mediate the correlation between anxious-avoidant attachment and social networking addiction. This would mean that participants who developed an anxious-avoidant attachment style due to childhood maltreatment would use social media in unhealthy ways. To measure childhood maltreatment, the Adverse Childhood Experiences scale (ACE) was used. The Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised scale (ECR-R) was used to measure anxious-avoidant attachment. Finally, social networking addiction was measured by the Social Networking Addiction Scale (SNAS). The sample was relatively young (M = 19.88, SD = 2.62), (n = 82). Three bivariate correlations and multiple linear regression were conducted to determine if an anxious-avoidant attachment pattern mediated the connection between childhood maltreatment and social networking addiction. A significant correlation was found between childhood maltreatment and anxious-avoidant attachment, as well as between anxious-avoidant attachment and social networking addiction. However, no correlation was found between childhood maltreatment and social networking addiction. It was concluded that no mediation was present.

No description available.

The process of forming a committed, romantic relationship is described as a developmental phenomenon that cannot be accurately viewed without the context of prior relationship experiences because the social competencies that facilitate successful navigation of the tasks of relationship formation are developed in relationships. Furthermore, a cumulative relationship history that has a negative influence may lead to poor emotional health, further disrupting relationship formation processes through that mechanism. Hypotheses were tested using data from a prospective longitudinal study of participants (218 women, 174 men) who were not in a romantic relationship at initial data collection and reported on their relationship status 4 times over the course of 1 year while completing the READY or RELATionship Evaluation (RELATE). Cumulative relationship history and emotional health prospectively predicted the intercepts in longitudinal growth curve analyses of relationship status, while mediational analyses supported the hypothesis that emotional health partially mediates the influence of cumulative relationship history on relationship status. The findings support the developmental conceptualization that inter- and intrapersonal capacities increase the probability of forming a committed, romantic relationship over time.

Background: Earlier clinical studies have suggested consistent differences between anxious and non-anxious depression. The aim of this study was to compare parental pathology, personality and symptom characteristics in three groups of probands from the general population: depression with and without generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and with other anxiety disorders. Because patients without GAD may have experienced anxious symptoms for up to 5 months, we also considered GAD with a duration of only 1 month to produce a group of depressions largely unaffected by anxiety. Method: Depressive and anxiety disorders were assessed in a 10-year prospective longitudinal community and family study using the DSM-IV/M-CIDI. Regression analyses were used to reveal associations between these variables and with personality using two durations of GAD: 6 months (GAD-6) and 1 month (GAD-1). Results: Non-anxious depressives had fewer and less severe depressive symptoms, and higher odds for parents with depression alone, whereas those with anxious depression were associated with higher harm avoidance and had parents with a wider range of disorders, including mania. Conclusions: Anxious depression is a more severe form of depression than the non-anxious form; this is true even when the symptoms required for an anxiety diagnosis are ignored. Patients with non-anxious depression are different from those with anxious depression in terms of illness severity, family pathology and personality. The association between major depression and bipolar disorder is seen only in anxious forms of depression. Improved knowledge on different forms of depression may provide clues to their differential aetiology, and guide research into the types of treatment that are best suited to each form.

No description available.

Contexte. Les symptômes dépressifs et anxieux font partie des problèmes de santé mentale les plus courants chez les adolescents et peuvent entraîner d’importantes conséquences. Bien qu’il ait été suggéré que la pratique d’activité physique peut en réduire le risque, l’inactivité des jeunes Canadiens tend à augmenter à l’adolescence. Toutefois, la nature de ces liens, ainsi que les différences entre les filles et les garçons, demeurent mal comprises. Si les bénéfices de l’activité physique sur les symptômes dépressifs et anxieux pourraient dépendre des autres habitudes de vie, dont le temps d’écran et de sommeil, les mécanismes sous-jacents à ces associations ont été peu explorés. Objectifs. (1) Examiner les associations bidirectionnelles existant entre l’activité physique et les symptômes dépressifs et anxieux chez les adolescents québécois à 13, 15 et 17 ans en contrôlant pour le temps d’écran et de sommeil. (2) Examiner si ces associations sont médiées par le temps d’écran et de sommeil. (3) Examiner comment elles diffèrent chez les participants en fonction de leur sexe. Méthodologie. Les données sont tirées de l’Étude longitudinale du développement des enfants du Québec et sont majoritairement autorapportées par les participants à l’âge de 13, 15 et 17 ans (N = 1556). Des analyses à décalage croisé avec intercepte aléatoire et des analyses multigroupes ont été réalisées. Résultats. Un niveau plus élevé d’activité physique est faiblement associé à un niveau de symptômes dépressifs plus faible de 13 à 15 ans chez les filles et de 15 à 17 ans chez tous les adolescents. Les résultats sont plus inconstants pour l’anxiété, mais davantage de symptômes anxieux à 13 ans sont associés à moins d’activité physique à 15 ans chez les garçons. Un niveau plus élevé de sommeil à 15 ans s’est révélé être un deuxième prédicteur spécifique d’un niveau plus faible de symptômes dépressifs à 17 ans. Aucun effet médiateur du temps d’écran ou du temps de sommeil n’a pu être détecté. Implications. Des interventions préventives visant à promouvoir la pratique d’activité physique dès l’enfance, particulièrement chez les filles, ainsi qu’un temps de sommeil suffisant chez les adolescents plus âgés devraient être mises en place. / Context. Depressive and anxious symptoms in adolescents are prevalent and can have serious consequences. Although it has been suggested that physical activity may reduce the risk of developing these symptoms, inactivity among young Canadians tends to increase during adolescence. However, the nature of the associations between physical activity and depressive and anxious symptoms, as well as the differences between girls and boys, remain poorly understood. Moreover, the benefits of physical activity may depend on other lifestyle habits, including screen time and sleep time, but the mechanisms underlying these associations have not often been explored. Objectives. (1) Examine the bidirectional associations between physical activity and depressive and anxious symptoms in Quebec adolescents at ages 13, 15 and 17 by controlling for screen and sleep time. (2) Examine whether these associations are mediated by screen and sleep time. (3) Examine how these associations differ among participants based on sex. Method. The data are drawn from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development and are mostly self-reported by participants at ages 13, 15 and 17 (N = 1556). Random intercept cross-lagged panel models and multigroup analyses were conducted. Results. A higher level of physical activity is significantly but weakly associated with a lower level of depressive symptoms at ages 13 to 15 in girls and at ages 15 to 17 in all adolescents. Results for anxious symptoms are more mixed, but higher anxious symptoms at age 13 are associated with less physical activity at age 15 in boys. Higher sleep time at age 15 was found to be a second specific predictor of a lower level of depressive symptoms at age 17. No mediating effect of screen or sleep time was detected. Implications. Preventive interventions should promote physical activity from childhood, particularly among girls, as well as sufficient sleep in older adolescents.

Les étudiants universitaires doivent faire face à de nombreux défis développementaux et ils sont exposés à de multiples stresseurs susceptibles d’affecter leur bien-être psychologique. Pendant leur parcours universitaire, les étudiants en relation d’aide sont plus à risque d’être soumis à des niveaux de stress spécifiques élevés, ce qui peut mener à des problèmes d’anxiété et de dépression. Certaines caractéristiques psychologiques propres à l’étudiant, comme le perfectionnisme, sont considérées comme ayant un impact sur leur bien-être. Bien que ce trait de personnalité puisse être avantageux pour répondre aux exigences universitaires, il peut constituer un facteur de vulnérabilité au stress lorsque les attentes et les aspirations désirées dépassent leurs propres ressources. La littérature soutient que les composantes cognitives du perfectionnisme (p. ex. perception du stress, autocritique et souci excessif lié aux évaluations) peuvent affecter le fonctionnement scolaire et social de l’étudiant. D’une part, la présente étude vise à vérifier la relation entre le perfectionnisme orienté vers soi et le perfectionnisme prescrit socialement et les symptômes intériorisés (anxiété et dépression) auprès d’étudiants en relation d’aide. D’autre part, cette recherche évalue de façon prospective l’effet médiateur du soutien social perçu sur la relation entre le perfectionnisme et les symptômes anxieux et dépressifs. Les données ont été recueillies auprès de 97 étudiants au baccalauréat en psychoéducation de l’Université de Montréal au courant de la session d’hiver et d’automne 2019. Contrairement à ce qui était attendu, les résultats indiquent que le perfectionnisme (orienté vers soi et prescrit socialement) ne prédit pas une augmentation des symptômes intériorisés à travers le temps. Toutefois, le perfectionnisme prescrit socialement est relié positivement à des affects anxieux et dépressifs. Les résultats montrent également que la perception d’un plus faible réseau de soutien social influence de façon positive l’association avec les symptômes anxieux et dépressifs. Par ailleurs, la perception des ressources financières joue un rôle significatif dans l’élévation des symptômes dépressifs au cours des sessions. Finalement, la perception d’un bon réseau de soutien social ne médiatise pas l’association entre le perfectionnisme et les symptômes intériorisés des étudiants. Des implications pour la recherche et la pratique sont discutées. / University students face many developmental challenges and are exposed to multiple stressors that can affect their psychological well-being. During their academic career, students in helping relationships are more at risk of being subjected to high levels of specific stressors, which can lead to problems of anxiety and depression. Certain psychological characteristics specific to the student, such as perfectionism, are considered to have an impact on their well-being. While this personality trait may be advantageous in meeting academic requirements, it can be a vulnerability to stress when expectations and desired aspirations exceed their own resources. The literature support that the cognitive components of perfectionism (e.g., perception of stress, self-criticism and excessive worry about evaluations) can affect a student's academic and social functioning. On the one hand, the present study aims to test the relationship between self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism and internalized symptoms (anxiety and depression) of students in helping relationships. On the other hand, this research prospectively evaluates the mediating effect of perceived social support on the relationship between perfectionism and anxiety and depressive symptoms. Data was collected from 97 undergraduate students enrolled in University of Montreal’s psycho-education program during the winter and fall 2019 semester. Contrary to expectations, results indicate that perfectionism (self-oriented and socially prescribed) does not predict an increase in internalized symptoms across time. However, socially prescribed perfectionism was positively related to anxious and depressive affect. The results also show that the perception of a weaker social support network positively influences the association with anxious and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, the perception of financial resources plays a significant role in the elevation of depressive symptoms during the sessions. Finally, the perception of a good social support network did not mediate the association between perfectionism and students' internalizing symptoms. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

No description available.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:25:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Denise Sisterolli Diniz.pdf: 6293055 bytes, checksum: d5c5b19907b7602ca5e99aa0414271f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-12 / Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - LES is an autoimmune disease involving multiple systems. In the Central nervous system-SNC is one of his more severe manifestations. One of the frames of Lupus neuropsychiatric - LES-NP, is a Demyelinating Syndrome - SD. SD in rare cases, may be the first manifestation of LES, resembling multiple sclerosis - MS in their symptoms. MS is autoimmune disease with involvement of SNC with components, degenerative and inflammatory, which can produce autoantibodies and general symptoms that make your final diagnosis. The disease occurs more in young women than in men, typically evolve with outbreaks and remissions. In order to contribute to the diagnosis of these two illnesses, we proposed a comparative analysis, considering clinical, laboratory, and image aspects. As there is a lack of definition of SD, aims to contribute to the definition and establishment of standards of compromise of the SNC by SD of LES-NP, comparing patients with LES-NP and MS (the prototype of CNS demyelinating disease), attended in rheumatology and neurology of the HC/FM/UFG, Goiania. GO, from 2009 to 2010, according to the demographic aspects (sex and age), clinical (time of illness, functional systems and EDSS), laboratory (Autoantibodies and liquid Cerebroespinhal - LCR), image (Conventional magnetic resonance - RM) and Neuropsychological - NPS (cognitive and emotional). It is one epidemiological, analytical and comparative cross-sectional study of LES-NP and MS, which was approved by the CEP/HC/UFG. Were used in the survey questionnaires: an analysis of demographic and personal and family background; other symptoms; Neurological exams and NPS; Analysis: image by RM, laboratory of autoantibodies and LCR; and symptoms of depression and anxiety by Beck inventory (BAI and BDI). The results demonstrated an increased frequency in patients of age; time of disease; Visual symptoms; changes of sensitivity; of coordination; of the March; retention and urinary incontinence; changes of speech and swallowing; depressive and psychotic symptoms in family and personal history; WMHs in parietal and frontal lobes, occipitais, corpus callosum, periventricular, justacortical, brain stem; the cerebellum; spinal cord and the Barkhof and Tintoré criteria - CBT. Other findings in the RM were: infarcts; Vasculitis; menigioma and thrombosis in patients with LES-NP. The involvement of SNC in LES was measured by clinical symptomatology, neurological examination, EDSS, image findings and neuropsychological tests. RM was predictive analytics to relate workload post-lesional adaptation in brain regions typically involved in in. The application of CBT in patients with SD of LES-NP, associated with the qualitative assessment of WMHs may define the differences of neurological involvement pattern of injury of the SD of LES-NP, those at. The dosage of autoantibodies was predictive analytics for the diagnosis of LES, especially the anti DNA, the anti-ENA and the LAC, which were unique in the LES-NP. The clinical examination and laboratory research, neurological autoantibodies antinuclear antibodies and image by RM offers great security in diagnosis of the two diseases.Show that there are aspects of the involvement of the SD in LES needing new assessments, using the markers of neuronal injury, the more specific and with studies of Immunogenetics compared with in, the prototype of CNS demyelinating disease. / Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico - LES é a doença auto-imune que envolve vários sistemas. No Sistema Nervoso Central - SNC é uma de suas manifestações mais graves. Um dos quadros neurológicos do Lúpus Neuropsiquiátrico - LES-NP, é a Síndrome Desmielinizante - SD. Em raros casos, SD pode ser a primeira manifestação do LES, se assemelhando a Esclerose Múltipla - EM em sua sintomatologia. EM é doença autoimune com envolvimento do SNC com componentes, inflamatório e degenerativo, que pode apresentar auto-anticorpos e sintomas gerais que dificultam seu diagnóstico final. As doenças ocorrerem mais em mulheres jovens que em homens, evoluem tipicamente com surtos e remissões. Com o intuito de contribuir para o diagnóstico dessas duas enfermidades, propusemos uma análise comparativa, considerando aspectos clínicos, laboratoriais e de imagem. Como há uma carência de definição da SD, pretende-se contribuir com a definição e o estabelecimento de padrões de comprometimento do SNC pela SD do LES-NP, comparando os pacientes com LES-NP e EM (o protótipo da doença desmielinizante), atendidos no serviço de reumatologia e neurologia do HC/FM/UFG, Goiânia/GO, de 2009 a 2010, segundo os aspectos demográficos (sexo e idade), clínicos (tempo de doença, sistemas funcionais e EDSS), laboratoriais (Autoanticorpos e Líquido Cerebroespinhal - LCR), de imagem (Ressonância Magnética Convencional - RM) e Neuropsicológicos - NPS (cognitivo e emocional). É um estudo epidemiológico, analítico, transversal, comparativo de LES-NP e EM, que foi aprovado pelo CEP/HC/UFG. Foram utilizados na pesquisa análise de questionários: um demográfico e de antecedentes pessoais e familiares; outro de sintomas; exames: neurológico e de NPS; avaliações: imagem por RM e laboratorial de auto-anticorpos e LCR; e sintomas de depressão e ansiedade pelo inventário de Beck (BAI e BDI). Os resultados demonstraram uma frequência aumentada nos pacientes de EM, em idade; tempo de doença; sintomas visuais; alterações de sensibilidade; da coordenação; da marcha; retenção e incontinência urinária; alterações da fala e deglutição; sintomas depressivos e psicóticos na história pessoal e familiar; alterações focais da substância branca (WMHs) nos lobos frontais, parietais e occipitais, corpo caloso, periventricular, justacortical, tronco encefálico; cerebelo; medula espinhal e os critérios de Barkhof e Tintoré - CBT. Outros achados na RM foram: infartos cerebrais; vasculites; meningioma e trombose nos pacientes com LES-NP. O envolvimento do SNC no LES foi mensurado pela sintomatologia clínica, exame neurológico, EDSS, achados de imagem e testes neuropsicológicos. RM foi preditiva em relacionar carga lesional em regiões cerebrais tipicamente envolvidas na EM. A aplicação dos CBT nos pacientes com SD do LES-NP, associado à avaliação qualitativa das WMHs pode definir as diferenças de padrão de envolvimento neurológico da lesão da SD do LES-NP, daquelas da EM. A dosagem de autoanticorpos foi preditiva para o diagnóstico de LES, especialmente o anti DNA, o anti-ENA e o LAC, os quais foram exclusivos no LES-NP. O exame clínico e neurológico, da investigação laboratorial de auto-anticorpos antinucleares e da imagem por RM oferece segurança no diagnóstico das duas enfermidades. Mostram que há aspectos do envolvimento da SD no LES que necessitam de novas avaliações, utilizando os marcadores de lesão neuronal, mais específicos e com estudos de imunogenética comparados com a EM, o protótipo da doença desmielinizante do SNC.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:28:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Denise Sisterolli Diniz.pdf: 6293055 bytes, checksum: d5c5b19907b7602ca5e99aa0414271f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-12 / Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - LES is an autoimmune disease involving multiple systems. In the Central nervous system-SNC is one of his more severe manifestations. One of the frames of Lupus neuropsychiatric - LES-NP, is a Demyelinating Syndrome - SD. SD in rare cases, may be the first manifestation of LES, resembling multiple sclerosis - MS in their symptoms. MS is autoimmune disease with involvement of SNC with components, degenerative and inflammatory, which can produce autoantibodies and general symptoms that make your final diagnosis. The disease occurs more in young women than in men, typically evolve with outbreaks and remissions. In order to contribute to the diagnosis of these two illnesses, we proposed a comparative analysis, considering clinical, laboratory, and image aspects. As there is a lack of definition of SD, aims to contribute to the definition and establishment of standards of compromise of the SNC by SD of LES-NP, comparing patients with LES-NP and MS (the prototype of CNS demyelinating disease), attended in rheumatology and neurology of the HC/FM/UFG, Goiania. GO, from 2009 to 2010, according to the demographic aspects (sex and age), clinical (time of illness, functional systems and EDSS), laboratory (Autoantibodies and liquid Cerebroespinhal - LCR), image (Conventional magnetic resonance - RM) and Neuropsychological - NPS (cognitive and emotional). It is one epidemiological, analytical and comparative cross-sectional study of LES-NP and MS, which was approved by the CEP/HC/UFG. Were used in the survey questionnaires: an analysis of demographic and personal and family background; other symptoms; Neurological exams and NPS; Analysis: image by RM, laboratory of autoantibodies and LCR; and symptoms of depression and anxiety by Beck inventory (BAI and BDI). The results demonstrated an increased frequency in patients of age; time of disease; Visual symptoms; changes of sensitivity; of coordination; of the March; retention and urinary incontinence; changes of speech and swallowing; depressive and psychotic symptoms in family and personal history; WMHs in parietal and frontal lobes, occipitais, corpus callosum, periventricular, justacortical, brain stem; the cerebellum; spinal cord and the Barkhof and Tintoré criteria - CBT. Other findings in the RM were: infarcts; Vasculitis; menigioma and thrombosis in patients with LES-NP. The involvement of SNC in LES was measured by clinical symptomatology, neurological examination, EDSS, image findings and neuropsychological tests. RM was predictive analytics to relate workload post-lesional adaptation in brain regions typically involved in in. The application of CBT in patients with SD of LES-NP, associated with the qualitative assessment of WMHs may define the differences of neurological involvement pattern of injury of the SD of LES-NP, those at. The dosage of autoantibodies was predictive analytics for the diagnosis of LES, especially the anti DNA, the anti-ENA and the LAC, which were unique in the LES-NP. The clinical examination and laboratory research, neurological autoantibodies antinuclear antibodies and image by RM offers great security in diagnosis of the two diseases.Show that there are aspects of the involvement of the SD in LES needing new assessments, using the markers of neuronal injury, the more specific and with studies of Immunogenetics compared with in, the prototype of CNS demyelinating disease. / Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico - LES é a doença auto-imune que envolve vários sistemas. No Sistema Nervoso Central - SNC é uma de suas manifestações mais graves. Um dos quadros neurológicos do Lúpus Neuropsiquiátrico - LES-NP, é a Síndrome Desmielinizante - SD. Em raros casos, SD pode ser a primeira manifestação do LES, se assemelhando a Esclerose Múltipla - EM em sua sintomatologia. EM é doença autoimune com envolvimento do SNC com componentes, inflamatório e degenerativo, que pode apresentar auto-anticorpos e sintomas gerais que dificultam seu diagnóstico final. As doenças ocorrerem mais em mulheres jovens que em homens, evoluem tipicamente com surtos e remissões. Com o intuito de contribuir para o diagnóstico dessas duas enfermidades, propusemos uma análise comparativa, considerando aspectos clínicos, laboratoriais e de imagem. Como há uma carência de definição da SD, pretende-se contribuir com a definição e o estabelecimento de padrões de comprometimento do SNC pela SD do LES-NP, comparando os pacientes com LES-NP e EM (o protótipo da doença desmielinizante), atendidos no serviço de reumatologia e neurologia do HC/FM/UFG, Goiânia/GO, de 2009 a 2010, segundo os aspectos demográficos (sexo e idade), clínicos (tempo de doença, sistemas funcionais e EDSS), laboratoriais (Autoanticorpos e Líquido Cerebroespinhal - LCR), de imagem (Ressonância Magnética Convencional - RM) e Neuropsicológicos - NPS (cognitivo e emocional). É um estudo epidemiológico, analítico, transversal, comparativo de LES-NP e EM, que foi aprovado pelo CEP/HC/UFG. Foram utilizados na pesquisa análise de questionários: um demográfico e de antecedentes pessoais e familiares; outro de sintomas; exames: neurológico e de NPS; avaliações: imagem por RM e laboratorial de auto-anticorpos e LCR; e sintomas de depressão e ansiedade pelo inventário de Beck (BAI e BDI). Os resultados demonstraram uma frequência aumentada nos pacientes de EM, em idade; tempo de doença; sintomas visuais; alterações de sensibilidade; da coordenação; da marcha; retenção e incontinência urinária; alterações da fala e deglutição; sintomas depressivos e psicóticos na história pessoal e familiar; alterações focais da substância branca (WMHs) nos lobos frontais, parietais e occipitais, corpo caloso, periventricular, justacortical, tronco encefálico; cerebelo; medula espinhal e os critérios de Barkhof e Tintoré - CBT. Outros achados na RM foram: infartos cerebrais; vasculites; meningioma e trombose nos pacientes com LES-NP. O envolvimento do SNC no LES foi mensurado pela sintomatologia clínica, exame neurológico, EDSS, achados de imagem e testes neuropsicológicos. RM foi preditiva em relacionar carga lesional em regiões cerebrais tipicamente envolvidas na EM. A aplicação dos CBT nos pacientes com SD do LES-NP, associado à avaliação qualitativa das WMHs pode definir as diferenças de padrão de envolvimento neurológico da lesão da SD do LES-NP, daquelas da EM. A dosagem de autoanticorpos foi preditiva para o diagnóstico de LES, especialmente o anti DNA, o anti-ENA e o LAC, os quais foram exclusivos no LES-NP. O exame clínico e neurológico, da investigação laboratorial de auto-anticorpos antinucleares e da imagem por RM oferece segurança no diagnóstico das duas enfermidades. Mostram que há aspectos do envolvimento da SD no LES que necessitam de novas avaliações, utilizando os marcadores de lesão neuronal, mais específicos e com estudos de imunogenética comparados com a EM, o protótipo da doença desmielinizante do SNC.