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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

The ecology of Melangyna viridiceps and Simosyrphus grandicornis (Diptera : Syrphidae) and their impact on populations of the rose aphid, Macrosiphum rosae

Soleyman-Nezhadiyan, Ebrahim. January 1996 (has links) (PDF)
Bibliography: leaves 213-233. This thesis studies the influence of the two common syrphid species on populations of rose aphids in rose gardens in Adelaide. The study determines whether the provision of attractive flowers increases the suppressive effect of syrphids on rose aphids and analyses some ecological and biological aspects of two syrphid species -- Melangyana viridiceps (Macquart) and Simosyrphus grandicornis (Macquart) -- in a Mediteranean climate to obtain a better understanding of their biological control potential.
22

The ecology of Melangyna viridiceps and Simosyrphus grandicornis (Diptera : Syrphidae) and their impact on populations of the rose aphid, Macrosiphum rosae / by Ebrahim Soleyman-Nezhadiyan.

Soleyman-Nezhadiyan, Ebrahim January 1996 (has links)
Bibliography: leaves 213-233. / xiii, 255 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / This thesis studies the influence of the two common syrphid species on populations of rose aphids in rose gardens in Adelaide. The study determines whether the provision of attractive flowers increases the suppressive effect of syrphids on rose aphids and analyses some ecological and biological aspects of two syrphid species -- Melangyana viridiceps (Macquart) and Simosyrphus grandicornis (Macquart) -- in a Mediteranean climate to obtain a better understanding of their biological control potential. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Crop Protection, 1997
23

Comparative epidemiology of the persistently transmitted SCRLV and the non-persistently transmitted BYMV, and development of molecular hybridization analysis as a diagnostic method for SCRLV

Jayasena, Kithsiri Wimal. January 1984 (has links) (PDF)
Some mounted ill. Bibliography: leaves 156-186.
24

Introduction of Aphidius rosae into Australia for biological control of the rose aphid (Macrosiphum rosae)

Kitt, Jörg Thomas. January 1996 (has links) (PDF)
Bibliography: leaves 221-240. This thesis deals with the introduction of "Aphidius rosae" as a classical biological control agent into South-Eastern Australia. Appropriate host specificity tests are carried out. Laboratory experiments are also completed to gain a better understanding of the interactions between host and parasitoid in the field. The study aims to monitor the performance of the control agent in the Adelaide environment for the first two years after initial release. It is also planned to invent an experimental field technique to estimate the impact of the control agent on rose aphid populations.
25

Oxidation of plant allelochemicals by phytophagous sucking insects

Lorraine, Debrah F. January 1995 (has links) (PDF)
Addendum in pocket. Biblography: leaves 162-173. Phytophagous sucking insects, aphids in particular, are common pests of plants. These insects secrete salivary enzymes into their food material. One plant defence mechanism is the induction and/or accumulation of deterrent phytochemicals. In the present study, a model enzyme system was chosen to mimic the oxidative activity of insect saliva. Isolation and sructural identification of the products of plant allelochemicals was achieved for several substrates. Insects were also exposed to individual plant chemicals in feeding "choice" tests. Preliminary examinations suggest that plants containing increased levels of phenolic allelochemicals show correlated increases in resistance to attack by aphids.
26

Hongos entomophthorales patógenos de pulgones plaga de cultivos de cereales y hortícolas de la Región Pampeana de la Argentina

Manfrino, Romina Guadalupe January 2014 (has links)
Los cultivos agrícolas se ven expuestos a adversidades de diferentes orígenes, ya sean bióticos o abióticos. En los sistemas extensivos e intensivos de la Región Pampeana Argentina (centro norte) los áfidos representan una importante limitante ya sea en cultivos de cereales u hortícolas. El manejo de las poblaciones de estos insectos se realiza principalmente mediante el uso de insecticidas de síntesis orientando las acciones hacia la eliminación del insecto blanco que se intenta controlar. Se considera al cultivo aislado del ecosistema y por lo tanto del resto de los elementos que lo conforman. El manejo integrado de plagas (MIP) se presenta como una alternativa viable que posibilita la obtención de altos rendimientos compatibles con la sustentabilidad del sistema. Dentro del MIP una estrategia difundida con mayor énfasis en los últimos años, es el Control Biológico mediante la utilización de hongos entomopatógenos. En este grupo de agentes de control biológico, los Hongos Entomophthorales son importantes antagonistas de áfidos en condiciones de campo y presentan un alto potencial para su utilización en estrategias de Control Biológico Conservativo (CBC). Sin embargo, un profundo conocimiento de la biología y ecología de estos organismos es necesario para respaldar la toma de decisiones que permitan potenciar su uso en estrategias de MIP. Los objetivos de este trabajo de tesis se basaron fundamentalmente en la identificación y caracterización de los hongos entomophthorales como factores de mortalidad de los áfidos, en la determinación de los niveles de infección en cada cultivo y en el estudio de los factores que favorecen o inhiben su actividad en condiciones de campo. Además, se consideró el estudio de la vegetación de crecimiento espontáneo presente en los bordes de los cultivos para su posible inclusión en estrategias de CBC de áfidos en agroecosistemas de la región pampeana argentina. Se registraron cuatro especies de hongos Entomophthorales entomopatógenos, infectando áfidos en cultivos de cereales, hortícolas y en la vegetación aledaña a los cultivos. Las identificaciones fueron realizadas por métodos de taxonomía clásica y molecular. La especie más prevalente fue Pandora neoaphidis (Remaudière & Hennebert) Humber, seguido por Zoophthora radicans (Brefeld) Batko, Entomophthora planchoniana Cornu y Neozygites fresenii (Nowakowski) Remaudière & Keller (Neozygitales: Neozygitaceae). Se registraron prevalencias de E. planchoniana y de P. neoaphidis de hasta el 98.1 (n=3212) y 90.2 % (n=278) en cultivos de pimiento y de trigo respectivamente; mientras que infecciones causadas por Z. radicans alcanzaron el 63.7% (n=270) en áfidos en cultivo de trigo. Asimismo se registraron hongos patógenos de áfidos en la vegetación no cultivada presente en los bordes de los cultivos. Pandora neoaphidis fue la especie prevalente alcanzando un nivel de infección de 73.9% (n=88) en Hypermyzus carduellinus (Theobald) sobre la planta sustrato Sonchus oleraceus (L). En relación a los factores bióticos o abióticos que influencian el desarrollo de las micosis en estos insectos, se logró determinar que en algunos casos la densidad de la población hospedadora fue un factor determinante para el desarrollo de epizootias, mientras que en otros no hubo asociación entre estas variables. Se observaron diferencias en las infecciones entre los estados de desarrollo de los áfidos, siendo mayor el riesgo de infección de ninfas en comparación con el riesgo de infección de adultos ápteros y de adultos alados. Asimismo se detectó la presencia de parasitoides y depredadores en simultáneo con la ocurrencia de infecciones fúngicas sin haber sido registradas infecciones en estos enemigos naturales. Por otro lado, infecciones fúngicas se desarrollaron aún con aplicaciones de agroquímicos, lo que permite suponer que los activos de síntesis no inhibieron por completo la transmisión de los hongos entomopatógenos. En cuanto a la estacionalidad, se observaron infecciones fúngicas en todas las estaciones del año, siendo más predominantes en otoño-invierno. Las temperaturas relativamente bajas y los porcentajes de humedad altos propiciaron la transmisión de los hongos patógenos a los insectos “blanco” sanos. Importantes epizootias de P. neoaphidis y de E. planchoniana fueron registradas en cultivos de pimiento, berenjena, trigo y en plantas de crecimiento espontáneo presente en los bordes de los cultivos. En algunos cultivos, en determinados momentos, las infecciones fúngicas lograron reducir las poblaciones de áfidos por debajo del umbral de daño económico. La ocurrencia y los niveles de infección fúngica de hongos entomophthorales permiten inferir que podrían ser utilizados en programas de MIP. La predicción de los momentos en que se presentan podría constituir una herramienta útil en la toma decisiones en programas de manejo sustentable de las poblaciones de áfidos lo cual contribuiría a establecer buenas prácticas agrícolas que tiendan a la sustentabilidad de los sistemas productivos, permitiendo la protección y la integridad de los recursos naturales, siendo rentables para el productor para contribuir al crecimiento económico y el bienestar de la sociedad.
27

Introduction of Aphidius rosae into Australia for biological control of the rose aphid (Macrosiphum rosae) / by Jorg Thomas Kitt.

Kitt, Jorg Thomas January 1996 (has links)
Bibliography: leaves 221-240. / viii, 240, [13] leaves : ill. (some col.), maps ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / This thesis deals with the introduction of "Aphidius rosae" as a classical biological control agent into South-Eastern Australia. Appropriate host specificity tests are carried out. Laboratory experiments are also completed to gain a better understanding of the interactions between host and parasitoid in the field. The study aims to monitor the performance of the control agent in the Adelaide environment for the first two years after initial release. It is also planned to invent an experimental field technique to estimate the impact of the control agent on rose aphid populations. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Crop Protection, 1997
28

Oxidation of plant allelochemicals by phytophagous sucking insects / by Debrah F. Lorraine.

Lorraine, Debrah F. January 1995 (has links)
Addendum in pocket. / Biblography: leaves 162-173. / v, 177, [5] leaves : ill. ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Phytophagous sucking insects, aphids in particular, are common pests of plants. These insects secrete salivary enzymes into their food material. One plant defence mechanism is the induction and/or accumulation of deterrent phytochemicals. In the present study, a model enzyme system was chosen to mimic the oxidative activity of insect saliva. Isolation and sructural identification of the products of plant allelochemicals was achieved for several substrates. Insects were also exposed to individual plant chemicals in feeding "choice" tests. Preliminary examinations suggest that plants containing increased levels of phenolic allelochemicals show correlated increases in resistance to attack by aphids. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Crop Protection, 1996
29

Comparative epidemiology of the persistently transmitted SCRLV and the non-persistently transmitted BYMV, and development of molecular hybridization analysis as a diagnostic method for SCRLV / by Kithsiri Wimal Jayasena

Jayasena, Kithsiri Wimal January 1984 (has links)
Some mounted ill. / Bibliography: leaves 156-186 / ix, 186, 43 leaves, 35 leaves of plates : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Plant Pathology, Waite Agricultural Research Institute, 1984
30

Enhancing the predatory potential of hoverflies on aphids in Oregon broccoli fields with floral resources

Ambrosino, Mario D. 13 March 2006 (has links)
Four key aspects of the relationship between predatory hoverflies and the aphid pest Brevicoryne brassicae L. on broccoli were investigated in the Willamette Valley, Oregon USA: 1) the relationship between aphid density and hoverfly oviposition, 2) the larval voracity of key hoverfly species, 3) the preferences of hoverflies and broccoli pests for candidate insectary plant species, and 4) the role of insectary plantings in enhancing hoverfly oviposition in aphid colonies in broccoli fields. Hoverfly oviposition at two commercial broccoli field sites increased at aphid densities greater than 50 aphids per plant, but did not peak at the highest aphid densities. A logistic regression model, selected with Akaike's Information Criterion, of the odds of oviposition in relation to aphid density included effects for sampling date and aphid species (B. brassicae and Myzus persicae (Suizer)). The magnitude of the response was similar for B. brassicae and M persicae. The oviposition response was greater in the upper part of the plant canopy, and different on individual leaves from that seen on whole plants. The voracity and development rate of Scaeva pyrastri (L.) were greater than those of Eupeodes fumipennis (Thomson), and both exceeded Syrphus opinator Osten Saken and Sphaerophoria suiphuripes (Thomson). Both E. fumipennis and S. opinator reduced aphid populations to low levels on plants over two weeks, but E. fumipennis spent much of the time foraging away form the caged plants. Alyssum (Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv.), coriander (Coriandrum sativa L.), buckwheat (Fagropyrum esculentum Moench), and phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth.) were screened for arthropod visitation frequency. The three pest species Pieris rapae (L.), Diabrotica undecimpunctata undecimpunctata Mannerheim, and Lygus hesperus Knight visited phacelia the most frequently, while the hoverfly species visited mostly coriander, which was possibly influenced by competition from other foragers. Hoverfly oviposition was increased near within-field blocks of alyssum in broccoli fields at the end of the season however, hoverflies arriving at the field had pollen in their guts and were oviparous four to five weeks before their eggs were detected in aphid colonies. This late oviposition may have occurred because threshold densities for oviposition were not reached until this stage. / Graduation date: 2006

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