Italian writer and nobleman Giuseppe di Lampedusa wrote significantly in his memoirs, that he wanted to describe the space of his childhood and people of which he was surrounded. How would the territory, time and people look like in the stories of eight children of last Austro-Hungarian ambassador by the Holy See, the prince Johann Schönburg-Hartenstein? What places formed their view of the world? How did their time flow? What people influenced them and what kinds of education methods were used in an aristocratic family on the end of the 19th century and in the first half of the 20th century? This thesis is attempting on untraditional view on history of childhood in aristocracy through the point of view of their children. There are used various sources like memoirs, correspondence, but also childish drawings or narration of the youngest daughter of Prince Johann Schönburg-Hartenstein, Sophie Carillo. For the education of noble children, there was typical to live in history, the care of tutors and governesses, bringing up to duties, the veneration of old traditions or periodical travelling. The thesis is using the knowledge of psychology for the reconstruction of motivations, relationships between brothers and sister, but also directly each person in the family, their dream worlds and games?

In my thesis, I would like to concentrate on a lifestyle of nobility at castle Sychrov in the 19th and 20th century. Thesis would be compiled as a project for pupils of a primary school and lower secondary school. The first part would be focused and theoretically would relate to the concept of regional history and a brief history of the castle Sychrov. The following section will be focused to didactic part of the project and concepts of object and project-based learning. In the theoretical part I also focus on the new concept "The Big Six historical thinking concepts", which participates in the development of historical thinking of pupils. The last part will be focused on the actual realization of the project with the pupil.

Apparu entre le IIIe et le début du Ier siècle avant notre ère, un pouvoir royal établi à Armazi-Mc’xet’a exerça jusqu’au VIe siècle de notre ère un rôle pivot dans l’histoire de l’ancienne Caucasie, à la charnière de l’Empire romain, de l’Iran et des terres sarmates. Le pays où s’exerçait leur pouvoir, l’Ibérie, amalgamait divers peuples et communautés autour du cours moyen du fleuve Koura, au débouché de la passe du Darial. Composant avec les rivalités dynastiques, le morcellement ethnique, la pluralité des langues et la diversité des cultures, les rois d’Ibérie firent preuve d’une remarquable capacité d’adaptation pour assurer leur emprise territoriale, affirmer leur légitimité et trouver une place de choix dans les réseaux d’alliances transnationaux. Le système politique ibère établit une relation d’équilibre entre l’aristocratie et la cour à travers une diarchie associant le roi et son pitiaxe. Entrée dans l’orbite de Rome après l’invasion de Pompée en 65 avant notre ère, la royauté ibère construisit durant trois siècles un partenariat avec les dirigeants romains qui n’était cependant pas exempt d’ambivalence. Les années 260 de notre ère marquèrent un tournant capital dans l’évolution du pouvoir royal ibère, lorsque l’emprise grandissante des Sassanides instigua un changement dynastique au profit des Mihranides. Dans un contexte d’effervescence spirituelle mettant en concurrence divers courants religieux, les rois ibères décidèrent progressivement de confessionnaliser leur pouvoir. Au début du Ve siècle, l’invention d’une première forme officielle d’écriture géorgienne illustra ce nouveau consensus politique et religieux voulu par une royauté devenue chrétienne. / Since its appearance between the third and the beginning of the first century BCE, a royal power established in Armazi-Mc‘xet‘a exercised until the sixth century CE a pivotal role in the history of Ancient Caucasia, at the hinge of Roman Empire, Iran and Sarmatian lands. The country where their rule was exercised, Iberia, amalgamated various peoples and communities around the middle course of Kura River, near the Darial pass. Composing with ethnic division, linguistic plurality and cultural diversity, the kings of Iberia developed a remarkable capacity of adaptation to ensure their domination, assert their legitimacy and find their place in the transnational networks of alliances. The Iberian political system established a balanced relationship between aristocracy and the royal court through a diarchy associating the king and his pitiaxēs. Entering the orbit of Rome after the invasion of Pompey in 65 BC, Iberian kings shaped during three centuries a partnership with Roman leaders, however not without ambivalence. The decade 260s CE constituted a major turning point in the evolution of royal power in Caucasian Iberia, insofar as the growing grip of Sasanians instigated a dynastic change in favour of the House of Mihranids. In a context of spiritual effervescence putting in competition several religious currents, the Iberian kings gradually opted for a confessionalization of their rule. At the beginning of the fifth century, the invention of a first official form of Georgian writing illustrated this new political and religious consensus established by a kingship converted to Christianism.

This diploma thesis will study life and action Smil of Lichtenburk's sons under the reign the last Przemislid kings Wenceslas II. and Wenceslas III., but especially in the context Henry of Carinthia's reign. The first part is devoted to coming the lords of Lichtenburg to the area of the Bohemian-Moravian highlands, which is connected primarily with Smil of Lichtenburg. In the following chapters it maps activities Smil of Lichtenburg's sons in the economic and political sphere of observed period. Study period was indikative defined years 1280 - 1310 with knowledge of overlaps to the period previous and next after the defined years. With regard to death Smil of Lichtenburg's youngest sons, which died in 1313, more precisely in 1329, touch this diploma thesis also John Luxembourgish's reign. There is observating destiny of mentioned descendant. Aim of this diploma thesis is try to bring a new view on the real persons of lords of Lichtenburg and primaly to their signifikance for Henry of Carinthia's reign. To the achievement this aim was using heuristic methody of gathering sources, which relate to this issues, and also relevant historical literature. Based on the study of sources and historical literature we can say, that all sons of Smil of Lichtenburg more or less affected to the Henry of Carinthia's reign....

(in English): The aim of this dissertation is arranging of the library fund of zámecká knihovna Mladá Vožice. The main purpose of this paper is to define this fund with respect to the provenience and its content. Contemporary conditions of the library are outlined in the Introduction. In the following chapters the history of the castle as well as the history of the noble families involved in establishing of this collection is being described. The main emphasis lays on the family of the collections founders -the family of Küenburg. Fourth chapter describes history of the library on the basis of provenance research. In accordance with this is the identification of the books owners from Küenberg, Spiegefeld and Schönfeld family. In the same manner different families and persons with no direct lineage to Küenbergs are characterized. At the same time this part of the work engages the characteristics of the fund in respect to particular members and partially also including the content characteristics, which are being elaborated properly by means of thematic groups in the following chapter. The information about arrangement of the fund are mentioned on the basis of the archive material and sources. Conclusion is made as a summary of the work, including the overview of its aims and achieved results.

Vítězslav Prchal War, Arms, and Armour in the Representative Strategies of Bohemian and Moravian Aristocracy, 1550-1750 dissertation thesis, 2012 In Czech historical writing, history of aristocracy has been on a rise ever since the turbulent days of 1990s. It has always been characterized by application of various methods borrowed form different other fields, such as cultural or social history as well as historical anthropology, and its primary goal was to understand the mentality of the specific social class that is early modern aristocracy. Throughout time, several approaches emerged form the initial probing: first, study of political culture and power; second, study of aristocratic courts and residences; and, third, study of aristocratic family and its life-cycle. All this research was originally focused on 16th century aristocracy; however, it also successfully tackles topics of late 17th and 18th century in recent years as well. Study of aristocratic residences especially has quite a long tradition in Czech historiography, following the lines of socially interpreted art history. On the other hand, as military history is a rather neglected part of writing on the early modern era, this problem transpires into the connection of warfare and aristocracy in 16th to 18th century. For example, not...

This thesis examines the values and attitudes of the British Army’s officer corps during the period from 1871 to 1901, and how these values were linked to those of the British landed classes. Through studying the memoirs and other writings produced by the officers of this period, this thesis confirms that the link between these two systems was extremely close, and that the landed classes’ ideas of what constituted ‘gentlemanly’ behaviour were vitally important in shaping army officers’ conduct. This thesis argues that the acceptance of these values by the officer corps was not merely a product of their own social origins, but that officers subscribed to these values because they believed them to be particularly appropriate to military service. This attachment to gentlemanly values produced a deeply imbalanced set of competencies in the officer corps’ members, the effects of which remained present in the institutional culture of the army well beyond the end of this period. / Graduate / 2021-08-28

This is a study of an ethnic hierarchical division of labor on Iföverken in the south of Sweden between 1895-1930. The study aims to see if migrants got different kind of profession at Iföverken and if there were in fact ethnic hierarchical distribution of work. It also aims to see if the pattern of ethnic hierarchical division of labor was different before and after the First World War. Also, the study aims to see in what regard these labor migrants became members of the local union, division 227. By studying if labor migrants got different kind of professions using the concept of class in a structuralist perspective, hierarchical positions become visible. Using moving in and out records that the priests wrote as migrants arrived and member list of the union as the main sources, the study shows that there existed a pattern of ethnic hierarchical division of labor. The results show that migrants from regions with Slavic population got the most unskilled work while migrants from regions with German population made most of the professional and higher valued workforce. There where some migrants that became active members of the union division 227, consequently it can be argued that these migrants where a part of a collective movement and class struggle.

In this thesis, we focus on the Story of Euphemia and the Goth, a hybrid literary text written in the second half of the fifth century. Since there is no holistic work on the Story, we undertook the task of examining the text itself, as a systematic examination of the Syriac and the Greek versions of the text itself, as well as the last English translation of the Story, by Francis Burkitt in 1913. We focused on the philological features of the Story and tried to interpret them historically using the standard historical-critical method. By focusing on the philological elements of the Story, we aimed to connect the information with the historical context of the period that the Story allegedly describes (late 4th c.) and the period in which it was written (late 5th c.). Our contextual analysis, which is based on philological features, can be divided into three main aspects. The first aspect examines the historical, military and legal elements of the Story. The second focuses on two Syriac terms: the parmûnârâ' and the fixed expression bnay ḥi're'. More precisely, we attempt tried to recreate the profile of the author of the Story by examining the term parmûnârâ,' and we examined the term bnay ḥi're' both contextually and intertextually, arguing that the term designated people of higher social strata if not the nobility. In addition, we also focus on the socio-political conditions of the fifth century, arguing that the term bnay ḥi're' should not be interpreted simply as f r e e but rather as n o b l e, and we support this thesis with internal evidence from the Story, external evidence taken from the larger literary milieu, as well as the works of philologists and orientalists over the last three centuries. The third aspect of our contextual analysis is related to a philological element that had been overlooked by modern scholarship: the fact that the author of the Story calls Euphemia and Sophia qadîšṯâ', i.e. Saints. Focusing on the text, we examine the validity of this hagiographical feature by examining the Syriac liturgical works of the anti-Chalcedonian Syriac Orthodox Church, i.e. the Syriac menologia, edited by François Nau in 1912. Our discoveries prove the attestation of the Story. The two protagonists of the Story were venerated as Saints by the Syriac-speaking Miaphysites. Through this research, we also discovered that the two protagonists were revered as Saints on the same day that the Chalcedonians celebrated the so-called miracle of the relics of Saint Euphemia of Chalcedon. We argue, therefore, that the Story comes from a Miaphysite milieu. These three aspects form the explanatory framework through which, in the future, we aim to develop a holistic interpretation of the literary themes of the Story as well as the historical context that led to its composition.

The aristocratic novel in the twentieth century depicts the successes and failures of the aristocracy's efforts to come to terms with the social realities brought about by contemporary egalitarianism. Although several of the novels discussed are written by aristocrats, the aristocratic novel as such refers to novels about the aristocracy as a social grouping. Seven authors are selected to represent fictional treatment of a class in crisis, struggling between decadence and resilience: V. Sackville-West, Evelyn Waugh, Nancy Mitford, Elizabeth Bowen, Molly Keane, L.P. Hartley and Emma Tennant. Sackville-West faces and chronicles the inevitable decay of her class, yet cannot refrain from mourning its gracious past. To her, the manor house symbolizes an ancient idyllic symbiosis between aristocrat and worker. To Evelyn Waugh, the aristocracy embodies the finest achievements of inherited English culture. He regards its decline as the crumbling of Christian civilization itself. Resilience against the rising proletariate lies in faith and a chivalrous other-worldliness associated with the old Catholic aristocracy. Mitford uses comedy to defend the ideals of service and honour which she sees undermined by vulgarity and mercantilism. She resists her opponents with lethal swipes of raillery. Bowen and Keane deal with the decline of the Irish Protestant Ascendancy. The heirs of the ascendancy have to cope with the paralysing bequest of a more vital past. Ironically, resilience lies in breaking with their heritage. Hartley appears to criticize the class structure, but his work reveals a fascination for the captivating myth of patrician life. Tennant, representing an aristocracy which has profited from the resurgence of wealth in Thatcherite Britain, is unsparingly caustic on the condition of her class. Her satiric writing presents an ethical resurgence that goes beyond the mere financial recovery of her society. The genre examined suggests a primal need among urbanized citizens for the myth of an heroic order. In the finest aristocratic novels, admiration for an imitable superior order is used to rally a consciousness of a venerable ethical establishment. What is threatened or lost is not merely wealth and privilege, but aristokratos - government by the best. / English Studies / D. Litt. et Phil. (English)