Frankfurt (Main), University, Diss., 2007. / Enth. 3 Sonderabdr.

Zugl.: Diss. Passau, 2007. / Literaturverz.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2002. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 391-421). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Calgary, 1999. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. Includes bibliographical references.

With the rise of internet literacy across the world, men and women on the street are increasingly participating in the news media more than ever before. Early speculations about the influence of citizen journalism imbued the practice with an almost messianic ability to save both journalism and democracy. Whilst these suggestions were influenced by a small amount of data analysis, mainly from Western countries, they were encouraging and demonstrated the potential of citizen journalism in representing the voice of ordinary people. This thesis suggests that citizen journalism is not only promoting the perspective of ordinary citizens, but is also supplementing the coverage of the mainstream media, building relationships, shaping the public sphere, and fulfilling the critical role of a watchdog. Analysing data from a sample of twenty-four different English language citizen journalism sites, this thesis examines the phenomenon of citizen journalism, focusing on the member countries of the South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation. Employing a mixed methods approach, quantitative and qualitative analyses were undertaken of the data set. The results show that citizen journalism sites in the larger and more developed SAARC countries provide more coverage of news than those in the smaller and underdeveloped countries. Political news is given the highest priority by the majority of the sites whilst news about war and terrorism is given the least. The analysis has also discovered that the sites function as a bridge, bringing people living in different parts of the world together and enabling them to engage in political discourse and the sharing of knowledge and experience. Moreover, citizen journalism is helping people to educate themselves about the culture and political systems of their new countries while also forming their own community online. This was particularly the case with the sites that were owned and operated by the diaspora people living in the West. In addition, with a few exceptions, the majority of the sites make substantial use of supplementary materials to enhance news articles, encouraging readers to participate in interactive news activities, such as posting comments. The study has also found that citizen journalists come from a wide range of backgrounds, from politicians acting as citizen journalists to students aspiring to generate revenues through commercial advertising on the Internet. However, they differ from each other in terms of their news values and news presentation — some of the sites offer more political news than others whilst others behave more like the mainstream media, providing a wide range of news articles. On the other hand, a few of the sites are less active and provide fewer news articles than others. The study has also found that citizen journalists from the SAARC countries include works of fiction as part of their news output, thus offering the slightly different definition of citizen journalism from that in the West.

As reportagens de perfil da revista Vogue são o foco desta pesquisa, que busca definir quais estilos a revista institui como modelos de ser e viver do sujeito contemporâneo. A amostragem reuniu 12 revistas, do período entre Janeiro e Dezembro de 2006. Foram analisadas 102 reportagens do subgênero perfil jornalístico, com o objetivo de responder quais os modelos que a revista Vogue constrói, tomando como referência categorias (estilos de vida Inovador, Tradicional e Vanguardista) preexistentes e exteriores ao jornalismo, ligadas ao referencial teórico da pesquisa, para nortear a busca dos principais sentidos representados nas matérias. O trabalho está inserido na perspectiva construcionista, que considera o poder do jornalismo na construção da realidade. A Análise de Discurso serve como suporte metodológico. Os estilos de vida encontrados na revista são representados pelas marcas discursivas que permitem evidenciá-los e demonstram a freqüência com que são reiterados por Vogue. Entre as conclusões, ganha destaque o fato de que o estilo de vida Inovador é dominante, presente em 44,11 % do corpus, enquanto o estilo de vida Tradicional representa 37,27% do total e o estilo de vida Vanguardista está presente em 18,62 %. A análise revela que, destituindo o estilo de vida Vanguardista da transgressão que o define, a Vogue realinha este estilo de vida como apenas uma atitude de valorização de uma estética diferenciada. O que a revista mostra – e busca vender – é a idéia de que, por meio da adoção das orientações guiadas pelo jornalismo nos modos de ser sujeito e mostrar-se aos outros, pode-se obter “estilo”, a partir da exposição e consumo de bens simbólicos. Assim, o que a pesquisa conclui é que de fato o jornalismo de Vogue investe na construção de dois estilos de vida: o Inovador e o Tradicional. / The profile reportages from the magazine Vogue are this search focus, which wants to define what styles the magazine institutes as being and living models of the contemporaneous subject. The sampling gathered 12 issues, of the period between January and December 2006. There were observed 102 reportages of the subgenus journalistic profile, with the objective of answering what models that the magazine Vogue builds, taking as reference categories (Innovative, Traditional and Vanguard lifestyles) preexisting and exteriors to journalism, linked to the theoretical reference of the survey, to guide the search of the main senses represented on the materials. The work is inserted on the constructionist perspective, which considers the power of journalism in the reality construction. The Analysis of the Speech serves as a methodological support. The life styles found in the magazine are represented by the discursive brands that allow showing them and demonstrating the frequency they are repeated by Vogue. Among the conclusions, points out the fact that the Innovative life style is dominant, present in 44,11% of the corpus, while the Traditional life style represents 37,27% of the total and the Vanguard is present in 18,62%. The analysis proves that, dismissing the Vanguard lifestyle from the transgression that defines it, Vogue realigns this Vanguard lifestyle just as an attitude of recovery of a different aesthetics. What the magazine shows is the idea - and seeks to sell - is the idea that, through the adoptions of orientations guided by journalism in the ways of being subject e showing yourself to others, it is possible to obtain "style", from the exposure and consumption of symbolic goods. This way, what the search concludes is that indeed the Vogue journalism invests on the construction of two lifestyles: the Innovative and the Traditional.

This study aimed to investigate the acquisition of the four non-generic uses of the English definite article the by Arabic learners of English in Saudi Arabia. These non-generic uses included textual, situational, cultural and structural. This study had three goals: (1) to determine whether these uses are acquired in a certain sequence; (2) to explore which one of these uses is the most difficult and the easiest in learning; (3) to investigate whether one or two of the uses are overused. The instrument consisted of 59 sentences adopted from Liu and Gleason (2002). There were 40 instances for required uses and 20 sentences for obligatory nonuse (5 instances for each use). The subjects were instructed to insert the where they deemed it necessary. The participants were 45 male undergraduate English major students, whose ages ranged from 18 to 22 with a Mean age of 21.6, from a university in Saudi Arabia. They were divided into three groups (15 students each) based on their proficiency levels as follows; low intermediate, intermediate, and advanced. The results revealed developmental trends in the acquisition of the non-generic uses of the English definite article related to proficiency. Specifically, the advanced group showed significantly higher accuracy of use in all four functions. Regarding the four functions, the order of acquisition, based on level of accuracy was as follows: situational, cultural, structural and textual. The study results are discussed in view of their pedagogical implications for the teaching of the definite article to Saudi learners of English.

SOARES, Priscila Caxilé. O discurso argumentativo em artigos de opinião produzidos por alunos finalistas da Olimpíada de Língua Portuguesa: uma análise à luz da Teoria dos Blocos Semânticos. 2015. 151f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Letras Vernáculas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Linguística, Fortaleza (CE), 2015. / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-28T14:02:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_pcsoares.pdf: 1241507 bytes, checksum: 18aef5406888829312aa7c468f0245e6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-28T14:28:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_pcsoares.pdf: 1241507 bytes, checksum: 18aef5406888829312aa7c468f0245e6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-28T14:28:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_pcsoares.pdf: 1241507 bytes, checksum: 18aef5406888829312aa7c468f0245e6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / This work’s main objective is to examine how argumentative discourse is built in the genre opinion article produced by finalist students of the Portuguese Language Olympiad from 2014. It is, methodologically, an explanatory descriptive study, whose corpus was collected at the Portuguese Language Olympiad’s website and consists of thirty eight articles of opinion, from the five regions of Brazil, discussing the topic "The place where I live." For the analysis of this corpus quantitative and qualitative procedures were used, and also ducrotian theoretical assumptions of the Argumentation Theory of Language-TAL (1980), specifically its current phase, the Theory of Semantic Blocks (1995), developed by Marion Carel and Oswald Ducrot. Regarding the studies of genre, we follow the assumptions of Schneuwly and Dolz (2004). In our research, we proposed to: a) identify the marks of argumentative discourse in opinion articles from the 2014 Portuguese Language Olympiad; b) examine, from the statements and linguistically doxal lexicons, the normative and transgressive aspects of the theory of Semantic blocks and; c) analyze the sociocultural aspects. The analysis of opinion articles allowed us to conclude that the argumentative discourse marks identified in lexicons that represent them are directed to the semantically preparation of semantic blocks. It was found that most of the statements and lexicons linguistically doxal present in the opinion articles are made of normative aspects. Finally, when analyzing the social and cultural aspects, it was concluded that the speaker, while resident of the place about which he writes, takes on a socially situated role, as local citizen and as student, which helps him to report on the situation of the place where he lives, therefore, producing an argumentative discourse that can influence the way the speaker thinks, convincing him about the arguments used in the opinion articles. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal analisar como se constrói o discurso argumentativo no gênero artigo de opinião produzido por alunos finalistas da Olimpíada de Língua Portuguesa, ano 2014. Metodologicamente, trata-se de um estudo descritivo- explicativo, cujo corpus foi coletado no sítio da Olimpíada de Língua Portuguesa e constitui-se de trinta e oito artigos de opinião, das cinco regiões do País, que falam sobre o tema “O lugar onde vivo”. Para análise desse corpus utilizamos procedimentos quantitativos e qualitativos e, dos pressupostos teóricos ducrotianos da Teoria da Argumentação na Língua-TAL (1980), especificamente sua atual fase, a Teoria dos Blocos Semânticos (1995), desenvolvida por Marion Carel e Oswald Ducrot. Em relação aos estudos sobre gênero textual, seguimos os pressupostos de Schneuwly e Dolz (2004). Propusemo-nos, em nossa pesquisa: a) identificar as marcas do discurso argumentativo nos artigos de opinião da Olimpíada de Língua Portuguesa 2014; b) examinar, a partir dos enunciados e dos léxicos linguisticamente doxais, os aspectos normativo e transgressivo da teoria dos Blocos Semânticos e; c) analisar os aspectos socioculturais. A análise dos artigos de opinião nos permitiu concluir que as marcas do discurso argumentativo identificadas nos léxicos que as representam se direcionam semanticamente para elaboração dos blocos semânticos. Verificamos que grande parte dos enunciados e léxicos linguisticamente doxais presentes nos artigos de opinião são constituídos de aspectos normativos. Ao final, ao analisarmos os aspectos socioculturais, concluímos que o locutor, enquanto morador do lugar sobre o qual ele escreve, assume um papel socialmente situado, de cidadão local, de aluno, o que contribui para que ele relate sobre a situação do lugar onde vive, produzindo, desta forma, um discurso argumentativo que consegue influenciar no modo de pensar do interlocutor, convencendo-o sobre os argumentos utilizados nos artigos de opinião.

[pt] A presente tese propõe uma discussão sobre a postura neutralística (Heritage; Greatbatch, 1991) adotada nas reportagens de capa da Revista Exame, da editora Abril, publicadas no ano de 2005. As reportagens são analisadas a partir das estratégias argumentativas (Vieira, 2003; Schiffrin, 1987; Gryner, 2000) de expressão de pontos de vista e de sustentação, por meio das quais a revista se posiciona e posiciona as organizações e os empresários (Harré; Langenhove, 1991; 1999) no mundo dos negócios. A partir da análise destas estratégias, foram verificadas as principais storylines de sucesso defendidas pela publicação, como princípios para as empresas crescerem com lucro. Os resultados apontam para o uso de estratégias de sustentação de argumentos com base em fatos; exemplos de outras empresas; dados estatísticos obtidos através de pesquisas e de discurso reportado (Tannen, 1989) de estórias de vida de empresários e especialistas, o que confere ao discurso jornalístico aparência de representar objetivamente a realidade (Shi-Xu, 2000). No entanto, estas estratégias lingüístico-discursivas expressam pontos de vista e aproximam o gênero reportagem do press release, isto é, de um texto que informa e promove as organizações, seus gestores e servem como cartilhas que orientam o comportamento profissional no mundo capitalista (Gee et. al., 1996). / [en] This study proposes a discussion about the neutralistic posture (Heritage; Greatbatch, 1991) assumed on cover reports of Revista Exame published in 2005, Abril Publisher. The reports are analyzed based on the argumentative strategies (Vieira, 2003; Schiffrin, 1987; Gryner, 2000) of marks of points of view and sustaining, through which the magazine assumes a position while positions organizations and entrepreneurs (Harré; Langenhove, 1991, 1999) in the business world. The analysis of these strategies unveiled the main storylines of success spread by the magazine as principles for companies to grow profitably. The results show the use of strategies to sustain arguments based on facts; examples of other companies; statistical data from surveys and reported speech (Tannen, 1989) of life stories told by entrepreneurs and experts, making believe that journalistic discourse represents objectively the reality (Shi-Xu, 2000). However, these linguistic and discursive strategies express points of view and provide approximation between reports and press release, that is, a text that informs and promotes organizations and their managers and can be used as manuals to guide professional behavior in the capitalist world (Gee et. al., 1996).

As reportagens de perfil da revista Vogue são o foco desta pesquisa, que busca definir quais estilos a revista institui como modelos de ser e viver do sujeito contemporâneo. A amostragem reuniu 12 revistas, do período entre Janeiro e Dezembro de 2006. Foram analisadas 102 reportagens do subgênero perfil jornalístico, com o objetivo de responder quais os modelos que a revista Vogue constrói, tomando como referência categorias (estilos de vida Inovador, Tradicional e Vanguardista) preexistentes e exteriores ao jornalismo, ligadas ao referencial teórico da pesquisa, para nortear a busca dos principais sentidos representados nas matérias. O trabalho está inserido na perspectiva construcionista, que considera o poder do jornalismo na construção da realidade. A Análise de Discurso serve como suporte metodológico. Os estilos de vida encontrados na revista são representados pelas marcas discursivas que permitem evidenciá-los e demonstram a freqüência com que são reiterados por Vogue. Entre as conclusões, ganha destaque o fato de que o estilo de vida Inovador é dominante, presente em 44,11 % do corpus, enquanto o estilo de vida Tradicional representa 37,27% do total e o estilo de vida Vanguardista está presente em 18,62 %. A análise revela que, destituindo o estilo de vida Vanguardista da transgressão que o define, a Vogue realinha este estilo de vida como apenas uma atitude de valorização de uma estética diferenciada. O que a revista mostra – e busca vender – é a idéia de que, por meio da adoção das orientações guiadas pelo jornalismo nos modos de ser sujeito e mostrar-se aos outros, pode-se obter “estilo”, a partir da exposição e consumo de bens simbólicos. Assim, o que a pesquisa conclui é que de fato o jornalismo de Vogue investe na construção de dois estilos de vida: o Inovador e o Tradicional. / The profile reportages from the magazine Vogue are this search focus, which wants to define what styles the magazine institutes as being and living models of the contemporaneous subject. The sampling gathered 12 issues, of the period between January and December 2006. There were observed 102 reportages of the subgenus journalistic profile, with the objective of answering what models that the magazine Vogue builds, taking as reference categories (Innovative, Traditional and Vanguard lifestyles) preexisting and exteriors to journalism, linked to the theoretical reference of the survey, to guide the search of the main senses represented on the materials. The work is inserted on the constructionist perspective, which considers the power of journalism in the reality construction. The Analysis of the Speech serves as a methodological support. The life styles found in the magazine are represented by the discursive brands that allow showing them and demonstrating the frequency they are repeated by Vogue. Among the conclusions, points out the fact that the Innovative life style is dominant, present in 44,11% of the corpus, while the Traditional life style represents 37,27% of the total and the Vanguard is present in 18,62%. The analysis proves that, dismissing the Vanguard lifestyle from the transgression that defines it, Vogue realigns this Vanguard lifestyle just as an attitude of recovery of a different aesthetics. What the magazine shows is the idea - and seeks to sell - is the idea that, through the adoptions of orientations guided by journalism in the ways of being subject e showing yourself to others, it is possible to obtain "style", from the exposure and consumption of symbolic goods. This way, what the search concludes is that indeed the Vogue journalism invests on the construction of two lifestyles: the Innovative and the Traditional.