Tse, Ka Yan Agnes. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 106-113). / Abstract also in Chinese. / Table of Contents --- p.i / List of Figures and Tables --- p.iii / List of Abbreviations --- p.vi / Chapter Chapter 1: --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Breast cancer overview --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- General mechanism of breast carcinoma --- p.5 / Chapter 1.3 --- Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Clinical features of DCIS --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Classification of DCIS --- p.8 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Molecular markers for DCIS --- p.14 / Chapter 1.3.4 --- Progression of DCIS --- p.19 / Chapter 1.4 --- Aim of project --- p.20 / Chapter Chapter 2: --- Materials and Methods --- p.21 / Chapter 2.1 --- Categorization of DCIS samples using Van Nuys Grading System --- p.21 / Chapter 2.2 --- "RNA extraction and reverse transcription of formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) DCIS samples" --- p.22 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- "Formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) DCIS sample" --- p.22 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Tissue Microarray (TMA) --- p.24 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- RNA extraction --- p.25 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- First strand cDNA synthesis --- p.30 / Chapter 2.3 --- PCR screening for potential DCIS markers --- p.31 / Chapter 2.4 --- Statistical analysis of PCR expression pattern --- p.36 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Chi-square lest --- p.36 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Logistic regression --- p.37 / Chapter 2.5 --- Real-time RT-PCR analysis of the expression pattern of the potential DCIS marker --- p.39 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- Real-time RT-PCR for FFPE samples --- p.39 / Chapter 2.5.2 --- Real-time RT-PCR in the study --- p.40 / Chapter 2.6 --- Statistical analysis of real-time RT-PCR results --- p.41 / Chapter 2.7 --- Immunohistological analysis of the expression pattern of the potential DCIS marker --- p.42 / Chapter 2.8 --- Evaluation of immunohistological staining --- p.44 / Chapter 2.9 --- Statistical analysis of immunohistological results --- p.44 / Chapter Chapter 3: --- Analysis of expression pattern of potential DCIS markers --- p.45 / Chapter 3.1 --- Construction of DCIS data base from FFPE samples --- p.45 / Chapter 3.2 --- Analysis of expression of potential DCIS marker from PCR --- p.46 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- First strand cDNA synthesis and PCR screening --- p.46 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Statistical analysis of PCR results --- p.60 / Chapter 3.3 --- Conclusion --- p.66 / Chapter Chapter 4: --- Real-time RT-PCR analysis of expression of selected potential DCIS markers --- p.67 / Chapter 4.1 --- Expression of ETV6 in tumor and adjacent normal tissues in different DCIS grades --- p.69 / Chapter 4.2 --- Expression of Erbb2 in tumor and adjacent normal tissues in different DCIS grades --- p.71 / Chapter Chapter 5: --- Analysis of Protein Expression Pattern of Potential DCIS Markers --- p.73 / Chapter 5.1 --- Chi square test --- p.73 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Immunohistochemical study of ETV6 in tumor and adjacent normal DCIS --- p.74 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Immunohistochemical study of Erbb2 in tumor and adjacent normal DCIS tissues --- p.77 / Chapter 5.2 --- Conclusion --- p.80 / Chapter Chapter 6: --- General discussion --- p.81 / References --- p.106

[Truncated abstract] The 1997 Asian Financial Crisis raised serious questions about the nature of East Asia's rise to economic prosperity, once labelled as a 'miracle' by the World Bank. In particular, East Asian governments were criticised for allowing rampant corruption to pervade their economies. At a conceptual level, the overwhelming majority of studies argue that corruption, defined as the misuse of public office for private gain, has impeded growth. Empirically, many studies have shown the detrimental impact of corruption on economic growth but few have analysed the particular effect of corruption on East Asia's economic growth in the years leading up to the 1997 Crisis, a period characterised by superior economic growth rates against the backdrop of corruption. This study seeks to fill that gap. By virtue of its clandestine nature, any study on corruption is subject to measurement limitations and this study is no exception. The only available data on corruption are indices published by a handful of various international organisations. Each of these indices follows a similar format: they are based partly or wholly on surveys of the corporate sector in each of the sample countries, the results of which are converted into corruption scores and used to rank the sample countries. Although there is a general consistency in rankings across the different indices, the survey questions tend to equate corruption with bribery. In one survey which questioned respondents about corruption and bribery in separate questions, the results indicated that the two are not necessarily synonymous at least in the minds of respondents. A brief analysis of the nature of corruption within East Asia reveals why the tendency to equate corruption with bribery can be misleading, and therefore raises doubts about the credibility of the aforementioned corruption indices. Many countries in East Asia are shown to harbour a network of patron-client relationships within a centralised framework. ... When using the available corruption indices as measures of corruption in a corruption-growth model that is applied to cross-sectional data covering 141 countries in 1996, corruption is found to have a significant positive relationship with economic growth for two of the corruption indices. However, no particular significant relationship is found to exist for East Asian countries within the sample. The corruption indices are then combined to produce a single index of corruption which is then used in a corruption-growth model and applied to panel data covering 33 countries over a twenty year period from 1984 to 2003. This time the corruption variable is found to have a significant positive relationship with economic growth for East Asian countries (excluding Singapore) during 1986-1996. Finally, the concept of rent-seeking is examined as an alternative to the typical principal-agent model of corruption used in the literature, based on its strong resonance with the particular nature of corruption in East Asia. A measure of rent-seeking is developed, and using cross-sectional data for 57 countries in 1996 reveals that rent-seeking has a significant positive relationship with economic growth.

Bibliography: leaves 510-533. / xx, 533 leaves : ill., map ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / "This study provides a comprehensive analysis of migrant trafficking in its different aspects and dimensions. It examines the nature, characteristics and magnitude, the causes, conditions and consequences of migrant trafficking, and the inadequacies of existing policies and legislation. It compiles, reviews and analyses existing and proposed legislation at national, regional and international levels. It forwards a set of specific proposals that can be woven into a coherent and comprehensive strategy to prevent and combat illegal migration and organised crime in Australia and the Asia Pacific region more effectively in the 21st century." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Law, 2002

Business functions and processes of all industries are under intense pressure to increase their efficiency and effectiveness which means to deliver better services for less money. HR is no exception. Human Resources transformation aligns with business transformation by facing productivity, reengineering, globalization, services and technology changes. Under the review cost, processes, administration, strategy and expertise in accordance with HR¡¦s transformation, HR shared services is became a HR transactional and administrative to handle standard processes oriented center. By taking Hewlett-Packard APJ as an example, this research seeks for the implementation of HR shared services in Chennai/India to handle all APJ HR transactions by tiers-supporting model. With the ability of technology and self-services, HR shared services can be achieved and located in low-labor rate with high potential labor. There are 14 processes for HP HR shared services to be standardized and reengineered. Moreover, to implement in 14 countries, internal portal, customer relationship management tool, and self-services tools are key to the objective and goal. By observing a whole picture of HR shared services set up, it will be helpful to leave more experiences to other companies to learn and to avoid errors.

Master's thesis. / Format: PDF. Bibl.

Master's thesis. / Format: PDF. Bibl.

This thesis presents and analyses Chinese, Tibetan, and British sources relating to the British Mission to Tibet of 1904. It balances accounts provided by the British officers and men with modern Chinese sources. It analyses both polarised sides of the history, whilst remaining critical of all sources. British historical accounts analysed in chapter one are balanced with Chinese narratives that present the Mission as an invasion of the Motherland and its unity. Chapter two examines the role of propaganda in modern China, and how different media are used to guide the Tibetan and Chinese populations’ understanding of their history and nation. Chapters three and four provide an original translation of Bod kyi rig gnas lo rgyus dpyad gzhi’i rgyu cha bdams bsgrigs, a textbook written from a Chinese nationalistic perspective. The introductory chapter providing the Chinese narrative of the build-up to the Mission is studied in chapter three, and chapter four analyses the bloody advance into Tibet. The translation and analysis in chapter five of the letters of the Dalai Lama to the King of Nepal, the Tongsa Pönlop, and the Chögyal of Sikkim place the Mission in pan-Himalayan context, and show how the Tibetan Government sought to counter the Mission. It is the first study to provide a historical Tibetan perspective of events. Chapter six analyses the divisive issue of looting during the Mission. It examines the psychology of those who looted Tibet, and the role the items taken play in shaping the image of Tibet in the West. Modern Chinese propaganda sources from the new media are analysed in chapter seven, and demonstrate how they have been used to compliment and propagate the established narrative. The conclusions analyse the impact of the Mission, and the lessons that may be learnt for those that play the ‘New Great Game.’

published_or_final_version / abstract / Urban Planning and Environmental Management / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

The effect of recent climate change in Central Asia poses a significant and potentially serious challenge to the region’s agricultural sector. An investigation of the aerosol-climate- crop yield correlation in this region is essential for a better understanding of the effect of aerosols and climate on Central Asian agriculture. Our goal is to investigate the linkages between aerosol, climate and major crop production (cotton, maize, wheat, and rice) in specified agricultural regions in the five Central Asian countries. Our approach is to perform the Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient analysis in order to observe the statistical correlation between crop yield, temperature, precipitation, and aerosol optical depth (AOD), for each indicated agricultural region in the selected countries. Besides, using NASA GIOVANNI website tools, we retrieve distribution maps and time series of temperature, precipitation and AOD to facilitate the analyses. The research shows that in some aspects, the relation between AOD, climate, and crop yield is different in Central Asia than in previous global or large scale research hypotheses. The statistical correlations vary not only across countries but also across agricultural regions. For example, in Kazakhstan, opposite correlations exist between precipitation and AOD in two different agricultural regions even though both regions are rain-fed. In the more arid countries (with lower rain rates) such as Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, no correlation exists between crop production and temperature, precipitation, and AOD, while the less arid (with higher rain rate) countries (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan) indicate a positive correlation.

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