There are many different techniques and notations for extracting architecturally interesting information from the source code of existing software systems. This process is known as reverse engineering. One current problem with reverse engineering techniques is that models of software systems cannot easily be transferred from one notation and storage format to another. We refer to this as the problem of bridging <em>technical spaces</em>. <br /><br /> In this work, we approach the issue of bridging between the SWAG technical space and the UML technical space. The SWAG technical space, named after the Software Architecture Group at the University of Waterloo, consists of fact extractors, fact manipulators, schemas, and a fact storage language - the Tuple-Attribute language (TA). The UML technical space consists of the UML metamodel, the XML Metadata Interchange (XMI) format for encoding UML models, and various UML modeling tools. We have designed and implemented a plugin for MagicDraw UML, which will import, export, and merge between XMI-encoded UML models and TA-encoded Function-Level Schema models. <br /><br /> We document evidence of what is referred to as a <em>Bridge Domain</em> - a technical space which exists between two encodable spaces. The metamodels of the two notation languages that we have focused on are very rich and flexible, but neither technical space is capable of fully expressing an accurate architectural model of any given software system; however, each technical space is capable of maintaining certain semantic information relevant to that technical space through multiple merge operations.

The concept of environment friendly demonstrated on government laws and many products is so popular, not only green marketing and green advertising. In this study, a cell phone which has environment-friendly orientation is the main focus in green advertising. Attribute framing is the way of showing message in advertising, and economic chain is described as the content of message. Then, investigating the impact of attribute framing and economic chain on advertising effects, and advertising effects are measured by memory, attitude toward advertising and purchase intention. The research adopts 2x3 mixed experimental designs; each scenario contains positive and negative framing message of attribute framing, and three levels of economic chain: production, usage and waste. Samples were selected from 3 universities and 2 companies in Kaohsiung. The final samples are 219. The results are as follows, attribute framing has significant effects on memory and attitude toward advertising, and positive framing has better score than negative one, but purchase intention is not influenced. Three levels of economic chain do not influence advertising effects. Attribute framing and economic chain have no interaction effect on advertising effects. Advertising appealing to environment friendly, no matter what framing it takes, consumers have positive attitudes toward the advertising, but using positive framing message is a better way. Consumers having positive attitudes toward three levels of economic chain show that they not only do not focus on any level, but have good feeling about information disclosure on environment-friendly products. Hence, an enterprise should pay attention to extended producer responsibility, and enhance the improvement on environment friendly through product life cycle assessment.

The purpose of this study is to explore the possibilities of the retirees or future retirees group who currently reside in the urban areas to migrate in-island Taiwan. Utilizing Andersen¡¦s ¡§Behavior Model of Health Service Utilization¡¨ as structure, this research aims to explore the factors influencing moving intention and the accompanying geographic attribute selection in order to understand the feasibility of the development of the retiree inland migrant group. On April, 2012, using purposive and snowball sampling, this research carried out a questionnaire targeting retirees or future retirees aged between 50 to 70 years old in five cities: Taipei City, New Taipei City, pre-county-city consolidated cities of Taichung City (including Fengyuan City), Tainan City and Kaoshiung City (including Fongshan City). A total of 1,110 questionnaires were given out, 722 retrieved, 691 were valid with an effective rate of 62.82%. The results of this study show a fairly low 23.20% moving intention of retirees or future retirees from the urban areas. As to geographic attribute selection, the majority show an inclination to choosing to live in the urban outskirts (45.90%) and the urban areas (32.40%). According to the Chi-square analysis, components influencing moving intention and geographic attribute selection include: the predisposing components of gender, current residency, place of residency before 15 years old, number of children and lifestyle; the enabling components of average monthly disposable income, living pattern, residential burden status and the need component of regional characteristic demand have a significant difference with moving intention. Furthermore, the predisposing components of level of education and lifestyle, the enabling component of average monthly disposable income and the need components which include one of the activities planning of refresher¡¦s course participation and regional characteristic demand have a significant difference with geographic attribute selection. Additionally, the majority among those with a moving intention are inclined to choose to live in rural areas. Thus, it is reasonable to conclude that current residents in urban areas will tend to migrate to rural environments rather than other urban areas or outskirts after retiring. According to the above analysis, recommendation is given to areas where retirees have migrated in order to better understand the retirees or future retirees group and the development of the local industry in Taiwan.

The intension model of purchasing houses for Kaohsiung female consumers

Electronic commerce is becoming more important day by day. Many transactions and business are done electronically and many people do not want paper work anymore. When a firm wants to buy raw materials or components, it announces its need to related websites or in the newspapers. Similar demands and announcements can be seen almost everywhere nowadays. In this way, it needs to perform fast and reliable auctions as much as possible. On the other hand, buyers not only consider cost but also consider a lot of different aspects like quality, warranty period, lead time etc when they want to purchase something. This situation leads to more complex problems in the purchasing process. As a consequence, some researchers started to consider auction mechanisms that support bids characterized by several attributes in addition to the price (quality of the product, quantity, terms of delivery, quality of the supplier etc.). These are referred to as multi-attribute combinatorial auctions. In this thesis, Combinatorial Auctions are analyzed. Single-attribute multi-unit, multi-attribute multi-unit combinatorial auction models are studied and an interactive method is applied for solving the multi-attribute multi-unit combinatorial auction problem.

An RDD attack against the U.S. is something America needs to prepare against. If such an event occurs the ability to quickly identify the source of the radiological material used in an RDD would aid investigators in identifying the perpetrators. Spent fuel is one of the most dangerous possible radiological sources for an RDD. In this work, a forensics methodology was developed and implemented to attribute spent fuel to a source reactor. The specific attributes determined are the spent fuel burnup, age from discharge, reactor type, and initial fuel enrichment. It is shown that by analyzing the post-event material, these attributes can be determined with enough accuracy to be useful for investigators. The burnup can be found within a 5% accuracy, enrichment with a 2% accuracy, and age with a 10% accuracy. Reactor type can be determined if specific nuclides are measured. The methodology developed was implemented into a code call NEMASYS. NEMASYS is easy to use and it takes a minimum amount of time to learn its basic functions. It will process data within a few minutes and provide detailed information about the results and conclusions.

Abstract Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE) is a relatively new encryption technology which is similar to multi-receiver encryption but the privacy of ciphertext receivers is protected by a set of attributes such that no one, even the encryptor, knows the identities of the receivers. Although the identities of those receivers remain unknown, the encryptor can ensure that all of the receivers cannot decrypt the ciphertext except for those who match the restrictions on predefined attribute values associated with the ciphertext. However, maintaining the correctness of users¡¦ attributes will take huge cost because the interactions between all users and the key generation center (KGC) are required to renew all of their private keys whenever a user joins, leaves the group, or updates the value of any of his attributes. Since user joining, leaving, and attribute updating may occur frequently in real situations, membership management will become a quite important issue in an ABE system but no existing scheme can perfectly cope with this problem. In this manuscript, we will present an ABE scheme which aims at the issue on dynamic membership management. Our work keeps high flexibility of the constrains on attributes and makes it possible for the procedures of user joining, leaving, and attribute updating to be dynamic, that is, it is not necessary for those users who do not update their attribute statuses to renew their private keys when some user changes his status. Finally, we also formally prove the security of the proposed scheme.

Recent developments in video technology have opened up the possibility for people to watch movies in many different ways. For example one person may use a kinetoscope. Others may go to cinemas or join in a movie festival, yet others use a DVD player, watch them on the internet or even on mobile devices. Do movie fans use all or a number of these ways or just pick one of them? How do they select the way they watch the movies? What factors influence them in this selection? These are the important questions which this research addresses. This research utilises product attributes to collect the data from 531 respondents surveyed in Kaohsiung City and analysed by statistics using quantitative empirical methods. It finds that consumers¡¦ preferences for the product attributes and for the movie seeing are related to their lifestyles and demographic variables, and there is a level of significance in these factors: self-benefit, cheerful mind, efficiency, level of socialisation, and economics, in the product attribute for each consumer cluster based on lifestyle. In the preference of product usage, there is the level of significance in these factors: ¡§cinema, and legal and illegal download from the internet¡¨. However, there is no level of significance in these factors: ¡§cable TV, video and disk rent, video and disk purchase, and illegal copy purchase¡¨. Further, in product attribute related to demographic statistical variables, there is separately a level of significance in these factors: gender, education background, marriage, children-raising, and career, in self-benefit, cheerful mind, efficiency, and level of socialisation. And in the relationship of the preference of product usage and demographic statistical variables, there is a significant correlation between most demographic statistical variables and certain preferences of product usage. Keywords: Product Attribute, Preference of Usage, Movie Viewing Products, Lifestyle, Demographics.

In the beginning of internet development, the advertising revenue is the most important income of a website. After the burst of internet bubbles, some scholars mentioned that the information content is priced and user-charged. Nowadays, because of the broadband network, users spend less money and more time in connecting to internet. The owners of websites also find out more online business models for earning advertising fee, recharging fee, transacting fee and license fee from customers and providers. This research intends to discuss what difference in website attributes between chargeable websites and free website and what kinds of service and content are attractive to users¡¦ willing to pay. Based on previous studies, this research concludes six website attributes: fit to purpose, ease of use, interaction, personalization, customization and trust. The 85 samples are the most popular websites in Taiwan and some experts scored their six website attributes, website awareness and competitive situation. After discriminant analysis, the result indicates that personalization, interaction and trust are discriminative between different chargeable models. Besides, an online questionnaire survey is used to know users¡¦ experience and willing to pay. There are three kinds of principle component after factor analysis: efficiency, design and personalization. The managers of websites can make their pricing strategy by measuring this attributes and factors.

The cost of sleepiness-related accidents runs into tens of billions of dollars per year in America alone (Leger, 1994), and can play a contributing role in motor vehicle accidents and large-scale industrial disasters (Reason, 1990). Likewise, the effects of an ill-timed distraction or otherwise lack of attention to a main task can be the difference between elevated risk, or simply a lack of productivity. The interaction between sleepiness and distraction is poorly researched, and little is known about the mechanisms and scale of the problems associated by this interaction. Therefore, we sought to determine the effects of sleepiness and distraction using overnight and daytime sleepiness with various levels of distraction on three tasks ranging from a simple vigilance task to a challenging luggage x-ray inspection task. The first and second studies examined overnight sleepiness (7pm to 7am) for twenty-four healthy participants (m = 23.2yrs old - same for both studies) using a psychomotor task compared to a systems monitoring task, while also manipulating peripheral distraction through a television playing a comedy series. The results showed significant effects of sleepiness on the psychomotor task and evidence for interactive effects of distraction, whereas the systems monitoring task showed no changes with either sleepiness or distraction. Subjects were far more prone to distraction when sleepy for both tasks, and EEG findings suggest that the alpha frequency (8-13Hz) power increases reflect impairments of performance. There is a decaying . exponential relationship between the probability of a subject's eyes being open as the response time increases, such that longer responses above three seconds are 95% likely to have occurred with the eyes closed. The third study used a sample of twelve young (m = 20.8yrs) and twelve older (m = 60.0yrs) participants, and examined the effects of sleep restriction (< 5hrs vs normal sleep) with three levels of distraction (no distraction, peripheral in the form of television and cognitive distraction as a simulated conversation by means of verbal fluency task). The task used was an x-ray luggage search simulator that is functionally similar to the task used for airport security screening. The practice day showed that speed and accuracy on the task improved with successive sessions, but that the older group were markedly slower and less accurate than the younger group even before the experimental manipulations. There was no effect of daytime sleep restriction for either the younger or older groups between the two experimental days. However, distraction was found to impair the performance of both young and old, with the cognitive distraction proving to be the most difficult condition. Overall, it is concluded that overnight sleepiness impairs performance in monotonous tasks, but these risks can be diminished by making tasks more engaging. Distractions can affect performance, but may be difficult to quantify as subjects create strategies that allow themselves to attend to distractions during the undemanding moments of a task. Continuous cognitive distraction does affect performance, particularly in older subjects, who are less able to manage concurrent demands effectively. Humans appear capable of coping Sleepiness and Distraction iv with a 40% loss of their usual sleep quota or 24-hours of sleep restriction on complex tasks, but performance degrades markedly on monotonous tasks. Performances for simple and complex tasks are impaired by distracters when the effect of distraction is large enough, but the magnitude of impairment depends on how challenging the task is or how well the subject is able to cope with the distractions.