Techn. Universiẗat, Diss., 2005--Darmstadt.

Univ., Diss.--Regensburg, 2005.

Zugl.: Stuttgart, Univ., Diss., 2008

Franz Liszt composed his Two Episodes from Lenau's Faust between 1856 and 1861. The composer intended to portray two emotionally contrasting scenes from Lenau's Faust in a set for orchestra, the first being The Night Procession and the second The Dance in the Village Inn. Liszt created a duet version of the orchestral set, and also a solo piano version of The Dance in the Village Inn, known as the Mephisto Waltz No. 1. The set was not performed together due to the immense popularity of The Dance in the Village Inn but also due to an unfortunate publication history resulting in the pieces being published separately by Schuberth publishers, published years apart from each other. As a result The Night Procession is largely forgotten today and The Dance in the Village Inn is interpreted as a single work outside of its context in a set. In this dissertation the works are examined from within its context in a set. Background information includes information on Liszt's student Robert Freund (1852-1936), and a solo piano transcription of the orchestral alternative ending to The Dance in the Village Inn. A comparison between Liszt's orchestral, solo and duet versions of the Mephisto Waltz No. 1 and the Liszt-Busoni Mephisto Waltz No. 1 is also made.

Submitted by PPG Educa??o (educacao-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-02-20T18:28:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JERUSA ALVES CUTY.pdf: 1480866 bytes, checksum: d00627fbcab5213ef7cd7b2ba2ebf4a3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-02-26T17:30:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JERUSA ALVES CUTY.pdf: 1480866 bytes, checksum: d00627fbcab5213ef7cd7b2ba2ebf4a3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-26T17:33:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JERUSA ALVES CUTY.pdf: 1480866 bytes, checksum: d00627fbcab5213ef7cd7b2ba2ebf4a3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-13 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The research had as proposal to investigate the social recognition of the teacher through the teaching discourses in the column "Word of Professor" of the Extra Class Journal, SINPRO / RS. Thus, the total corpus of the research of the dissertation is composed of twenty-three texts, collected in the online version, selected during the production of ten years, from 2006 to 2015, taking into account words that show the term recognition or its derivatives. As a research problem, we questioned: What are the evidences of the implication of the spheres of recognition, in the intersubjective context, through the writings of teachers of private education in the said column? The general objective proposed for this research was to investigate indicators of presence or absence of recognition. The research presents as specific objectives that helped to delimit the theme: a) to know the place of the teacher within the marks indicated in the speeches printed in the column "Word of teacher"; b) analyze how the teacher sees and places himself in the process of social recognition. As a theoretical framework, the German philosopher Axel Honneth was chosen, with his Theory of Recognition, in which the thinker proposes the spheres of recognition that have been focused as a priori categories, which demonstrate an imbrication between the intersubjective context (love, law and esteem social) and the subjective context (self-confidence, self-respect and self-esteem) of a social matrix. With these indicators, we aimed to know the evidences of recognition, in the intersubjective context, that appear in the column and, similarly, it was intended to identify the elements that demonstrate the subjective context of the teacher relationship in any inter-relational context. As a posteriori categories, created from Content Analysis (AC), with Laurence Bardin as the main exponent, the research involved the treatment of the data to focus the effects of sense of recognition, which was put in confluence with the spheres of recognition of Honneth. It was thus deduced that love of the profession, the first sphere of the Theory of Recognition, underlies most teachers, but they wish to have their rights guaranteed and wish to have social esteem present. / A pesquisa teve como proposta investigar o reconhecimento social do professor por meio dos discursos docentes na coluna ?Palavra de Professor? do Jornal Extra Classe, SINPRO/RS. Assim, o corpus total da pesquisa da disserta??o est? composto por vinte e tr?s textos, coletados na vers?o on-line, selecionados ao longo da produ??o de dez anos, de 2006 a 2015, levando em considera??o voc?bulos que mostrassem o termo reconhecimento ou seus derivados. Como problema de pesquisa questionou-se: Quais s?o as evid?ncias da implica??o das esferas de reconhecimento, no contexto intersubjetivo, atrav?s dos escritos de professores do ensino privado na referida coluna? O objetivo geral proposto para esta pesquisa foi investigar os indicadores de presen?a ou de aus?ncia de reconhecimento. A pesquisa apresenta como objetivos espec?ficos que auxiliaram para a delimita??o do tema: a) conhecer qual ? o lugar do professor dentro dos marcos indicados nos discursos impressos na coluna ?Palavra de professor?; b) analisar como o professor se v? e se coloca no processo de reconhecimento social. Como marco te?rico, foi escolhido o fil?sofo alem?o Axel Honneth, com sua Teoria do Reconhecimento, na qual o pensador prop?e as esferas de reconhecimento que foram enfocadas como categorias a priori, as quais demonstram uma imbrica??o entre o contexto intersubjetivo (amor, direito e estima social) e o contexto subjetivo (autoconfian?a, autorrespeito e autoestima) de uma matriz social. Com esses indicadores, objetivou-se conhecer quais s?o as evid?ncias de reconhecimento, no contexto intersubjetivo, que surgem na coluna e, analogamente, pretendeu-se identificar os elementos que demonstrassem o contexto subjetivo da rela??o docente em qualquer contexto inter-relacional. Como categorias a posteriori, criadas a partir da An?lise de Conte?do (AC), com Laurence Bardin como maior expoente, a pesquisa envolveu o tratamento dos dados para enfocar os efeitos de sentido do reconhecimento, o que foi posto em conflu?ncia com as esferas de reconhecimento de Honneth. Depreendeu-se, assim, que o amor ? profiss?o, primeira esfera da Teoria do Reconhecimento, alicer?a a maioria dos docentes, mas eles desejam ter seus direitos assegurados e desejam ter a estima social presente.

Aquest estudi es va dur a terme entre 1986-90 a la Segarra, una zona mixta de bosc i conreu de secà, i es basa en el seguiment intensiu de 36 parelles d'astor Accipiter gentiles, nidificant en una densitat de 6'8 parelles/km2. La distància entre parelles veïnes oscil.là entre 750 i 3000 m. Es van estudiar diversos aspectes de la biologia tròfica i de la reproducció de l'astor, tals com la dieta, efecte sobre les preses, ús de l'hàbitat, hàbitat de nidificació, la data i mida de posta, la mida dels ous, l'assincronia de naixements, el creixement i desenvolpament dels polls, l'èxit de desclosa, la mortalitat dels polls, les proporcions de sexes, els requeriments d'aliment dels polls i l'èxit reproductor.La dieta dels astors va incloure més de 60 tipus de preses, principalmente aus. La perdiu (Alectoris rufa) i el conill (Oryctolagus cuniculus), la garsa (Pica pica), els tords i les merles (Turdus spp.) i l'esquirol (Sciurus vulgaris), formaren la major part de la dieta. Els polls i joves d'ocells foren una part important de les preses durant el període reproductor, si bé el conill fou la presa que aportà més biomassa durant tot l'any. A l'hivern, la dieta fou menys diversa i es basà en preses més grans (conill, perdiu i tudó), mentre els mascles tendiren a capturar una major proporció de preses de menys de 180 gr. Després de l'arribada, al 1989, de la malaltia hemorràgica vírica del conill, la diversitat de la dieta disminuí i el conill fou reemplaçat en gran mesura per la perdiu i altres preses.Es comprovà que la diversitat de la dieta es correlaciona positivament amb la mida de niuada i s'incrementa a mesura que els polls creixen. El nombre de preses aportades al niu diariament creix amb la mida de niuada, si bé la quantitat d'aliment per poll experimenta un lleuger descens.Les àrees vitals dels astors durant el període reproductor foren estudiades per medi del radioseguiment, i oscil.laren entre 0'14 i 19'6 km2, segons el sexe, l'estat reproductiu i la fase reproductora dels exemplars. Les àrees vitals se solapaven. La mida de les àrees vitals dels mascles es correlacionà negativamente amb la mida de posta, i s'incrementà al llarg de l'estació reproductora, com a resultat de les demandes creixents de la niuada. Els astors seleccionaren positivament les àrees de conreu i forestals mixtes per a caçar. Es demostrà que la tria del lloc de nidificació es basa principalmente en l'estructura del bosc i la competència intraespecífica. Els rius es troben distribuïts de forma regular i els astors trien les pinedes més madures per a fer niu.L'inici de les postes es donà per terme mig el dia 5 d'abril. En cas de pèrdua de la posta, algunes parelles en feren una segona de reposició, però tan sols en anys bons. La data de posta a cada àrea de nidificació mostrà un alt grau de repetibilitat interanual. La mida mitjana de posta fou de 3'29 ous. I s'observà que disminuia al llarg de l'estació reproductora. No s'observà repetibilitat interanual. Les postes més grans són les que donen més polls a l'envol. Els canvis interanuals en la data i la mida de posta responen a canvis en la disponibilitat d'aliment previament i durant el període de posta. La variació en la mida dels ous fou més gran entre postes que dins de cada posta, i estava relacionada amb l'edat de la femella, la data de posta i l'ordre dins de la seqüència de posta, però no amb el sexe dels polls. Es comprovà que la mida de l'ou determina la mida dels polls al nèixer, que la seqüència de naixements es correspon amb la de posta i que l'assincronia de naixements s'incrementa al llarg de la seqüència. Les femelles ponen tants ous com els ho permeten les condicions ambientals i fisiològiques al momento de pondre. L'èxit reproductor a l'àrea d'estudi està fortament afectat per la interferència i persecución humanes, però el principal factor regulador de la productivitat anual fou la disponibilitat d'aliment, que actua a travès de canvis en el percentatge de parelles que perden la posta, el percentatge de parelles que ponen i la mida de posta. La mortalitat de polls al niu té molta menys importància com a factor regulador de la productivitat, i actua solament com a mecanisme que permet ajustar la mida de niuada a les condicions ambientals. Els patrons de mortalitat dels polls i assincronia de naixements en relació a la mida de niuada I a l'ordre de desclosa foren consistents amb la hipòtesi "brood reduction", si bé en determinats casos pot comportar un cost. Es va estudiar el creixement i desenvolupament dels polls en relació a diversos factors ambientals, així com en relació al sexe, a la mida dels ous, a la mida al néixer, a la mida de niuada i a la seqüència de naixement. Els mascles i les femelles mostraren diferències en els seus patrons de creixement, debuts a la gran diferència de mida entre uns i altres. Després d'eliminar aquest factor de variación, la major part de variación en el creixement dels polls s'observà entre niuades i no dins de les niuades, i no mostrà gaire relació ni amb la mida de niuada ni amb l'ordre de naixement. La variación en els patrons de creixement comporta principalmente canvis en la forma més que no pas en la velocitat o resultat final. Malgrat el dimorfisme sexual dels astors, la proporción de sexes no diferí significativament de 1:1 des de la fase d'ou fins a l'envol. / This study was conducted between 1986-90 in La Segarra (Catalonia, northeastern Spain). Aspects of the feeding and reproductive biology of "Accipiter gentilis", including diet choice, effect on game, ranging behaviour, nest-site selection, laying data, clutch and egg size, hatching asynchrony, growth and development, hatching success, nestling mortality, nestling sex-ratio, nestling food requirements and breeding success, were analysed. "Alectoris rufa", "Oryctolaugs cuniculus" and nestling and fledging birds were the most important prey. Females took a larger proportion of large prey than males. Diet diversity increased with brood size and with chick age. The number of prey/day increased with brood size. Home ranges overlapped, and ranged from 0'14 and 19'6 km2, depending on the time of the season and reproductive status. Male range size was inversely related to clutch size, an increased during the breeding season. Goshawks preferred mixed open-forest areas to hunt. Nest sites were found in the oldest coniferous forest, in a regular spatial distribution. Average laying data (5 April) was fairly repeatable within a site. Average clutch size (3.29) declined during the season. No site repeatability appeared. Larger clutches produced more young. Laying data and clutch size variation were related to food availability before and during laying. Egg size was related to female age, laying data and sequence, but not to hatchling sex. It had a positive effect on hatchling size. Breeding success was affected by humans, but the main regulatory factor of the overall production of young was food availability, through changes in the frequency of pairs losing the clutch, of non-laying pairs, and clutch size. Chick mortality acted only as a fine tunning mechanism. The patterns of chick mortality and hatching assincrony were consistent with the "brood reduction" hypothesis, although it may carry a cost. In spite of the sexual size dimorphism, sex ratio remained 1:1 from the egg to the fledgling stage. Males and females showed different growth and development patterns. Variation in growth occurred between broods, rather than within, and involved changes in growth shape rather than growth rate or final size.

Los cambios ocurridos en el paisaje durante las últimas décadas de siglo XX han originado la degradación de numerosos hábitats afectando negativamente a la biodiversidad a una escala global. En la región mediterránea, la expansión del bosque y homogeneización del paisaje como consecuencia del abandono rural ha actuado en detrimento de las aves con preferencia por hábitats abiertos (no boscosos). Sin embargo, perturbaciones como los incendios forestales han actuado en sentido opuesto, manteniendo la disponibilidad de hábitats abiertos y la heterogeneidad paisajística (mosaico de hábitats) favorable para estas aves. El objetivo de esta tesis ha sido la identificación de los procesos ecológicos determinantes de los cambios en la distribución de las aves de hábitats abiertos en respuesta a los cambios en los usos del suelo a escala de paisaje. Para ello se han aplicado modelos de hábitat utilizando datos del Atles dels Ocells Nidificants de Catalunya y cartografía de diferentes factores ambientales (e.g. usos del suelo, topografía, clima). Además, se han utilizado los modelos de hábitat en la selección de áreas prioritarias para la conservación de las aves de hábitats abiertos minimizando la posible amenaza que los cambios en los usos del suelo puedan constituir para su persistencia. Como principal proceso de cambio se ha considerado la dinámica paisajística relacionada con el abandono rural y los incendios forestales. Los resultados muestran que la pérdida de hábitat no siempre origina una rápida disminución de la tasa de ocupación, como ocurre en los proceso de fragmentación, sino que cada especie presentará una respuesta diferente a la pérdida de hábitat según la disponibilidad de recursos en hábitats adyacentes (contexto paisajístico). Así, la disponibilidad de hábitats arbustivos a escala de paisaje aumenta el rango potencial de hábitats utilizados por las especies, pudiendo favorecer su resiliencia a la pérdida de hábitat. Sin embargo, las especies muestran respuestas geográficamente variables debido a la heterogeneidad de las condiciones ecológicas a lo largo de su rango de distribución (i.e. hábitats adyacentes y poblaciones de aves vecinas). Esto muestra la importancia del carácter espacial de los procesos ecológicos a escala de paisaje. Además, se ha confirmado que los incendios forestales constituyen un proceso ecológico clave en la dinámica de colonización de nuevas áreas para las aves de hábitats abiertos. Los futuros episodios de incendios pueden ser un factor determinante para mejorar las predicciones sobre los cambios en la distribución de estas especies. En este contexto, para una mayor eficiencia de las medidas de conservación a largo plazo, la selección de áreas prioritarias para la conservación se basó en, además de la actual distribución de las especies, las áreas con mayor probabilidad de mantener en el futuro la disponibilidad de hábitats abiertos mediante el fuego. De forma complementaria, la conservación de estas especies requerirá la gestión controlada mediante el fuego para mantener estadíos iniciales e intermedios de la sucesión con diferente estructura en la vegetación. Esto contribuirá a mantener la heterogeneidad paisajística y favorecer, por lo tanto, la biodiversidad en los paisajes mediterráneos. / Landscape changes from the last decades of the 20th century are leading to important declines in habitat quality, giving rise to a negative impact on biodiversity at a global scale. In the Mediterranean region, afforestation and landscape homogenization arising as a consequence of rural land abandonment have been detrimental for bird species with preference for openshrub habitats. However, perturbations such as wildfires have act as opposing driving forces, maintaining the availability of open habitats and the landscape heterogeneity (habitat mosaic) favouring these bird species. The general aim of this thesis has been at identifying the ecological processes behind changes in the distribution of open-habitat bird species in response to the land-cover changes at the landscape scale. For this purpose, habitat models have been performed using data from the Atles dels Ocells Nidificants de Catalunya and cartography about environmental conditions (e.g. land-uses, topography and climate). Moreover, habitat models have been applied in the selection of priority areas for conservation of these bird species, but minimizing the likely threats of landcover changes for the species persistence. Landscape dynamics arising from rural abandonment and wildfires have been considered as the main process behind land-cover changes. The results showed that habitat loss for open-habitat bird species did not always yield a rapid decline in the occupation rate (i.e. fragmentation process), but each species may show a different response to habitat loss according to the available resources in adjacent habitats (landscape context). In this way, shrubland availability at the landscape scale may increase the potential range of the habitat used by the species, favouring the species resilience to habitat changes. However, species response may be geographically variable due to the heterogeneity in ecological conditions throughout the species range (i.e. adjacent habitat and nearby bird populations). This showed the important spatial character of the ecological processes determining species distributions at the landscape scale. Furthermore, the results confirmed the important role of fire regime for open-habitat bird species as a key disturbance process driving colonization dynamics in new available areas. Future fire events may constitute a determinant factor to improve model predictions about changes in bird species distributions. In this context, selection of priority areas for conservation was based on the current habitat suitability of the species but also on the areas showing larger probability of future maintenance of open habitats due to the role of fires. This will contribute to achieve larger efficiency of conservation measurements in the long term. Additionally, conservation of open-habitat bird species appeared to require fire management to maintain early and intermediate succession stages with a diversity of vegetation structure. This may contribute to favour landscape heterogeneity and, therefore, to preserve biodiversity in Mediterranean landscapes.

Gustav Mahler (1860-1911), was one of the great composers of the late-Romantic era. He composed forty-five Lieder. These Lieder, as influences by Mahler¡¦s symphonic work, show a broader scope, in terms of the sound, the length and the tension, as compared to Lieder by previous composers. Impacted by Romanism and Nationalism, Mahler composed twenty-three Wunderhorn-Lieder, which based on Des Knaben Wunderhorn by German poets Achim von Arnim (1781¡V1831) and Clemens Brentano (1976¡V1842). The Wunderhorn anthology has more than seven hundreds poems, which is a significant piece of German literature work for folk songs. Four Wunderhorn-Lieder are discussed in this paper: ¡§Ich ging mit Lust durch einen grünen Wald,¡§Scheiden und Meiden¡¨, ¡§Wer hat die Liedlein erdacht¡H¡¨, and¡§ Wo die schönen Trompeten blasen¡¨. The main theme of these four Lieder is love, and each of them represents a different type of love experience. The study mainly contains four parts: the biographical information about Gustav Mahler, the Lieder of Gustav Mahler, a brief introduction of poets Arnim and Brentano, and a performance analysis of the four Wunderhorn-Lieder. Through analyzing these four Lieder, we can gain insight into how poetry was played up and extended by Mahler using music, and help the vocalists better express the spirit and the music syntax of Mahler when interpreting his Lieder.

Univ., Diss.--Freiburg (Breisgau), 2005.

Em Maio 2012 uma decisão equívoca do Tribunal de segunda instância de Colónia (Landgericht Köln) declarou crime a circuncisão de um menino por motivos religiosos, mesmo efectuada de acordo com as leges artis e com o consentimento dos pais. O artigo comenta a nova legislação introduzida em Dezembro de 2012 no Código Civil alemão (BGB) como quadro legal para a circuncisão do menino em relação com o direito à liberdade religiosa e com o direito dos pais à educação, especialmente para judeus e muçulmanos, na Alemanha. / In May 2012 a misleading decision of the Landgericht (Court of Appeal) Cologne declared that male circumcision in children amounts to be a criminal offence, even if performed lege artis and with the consent of the parents. The article pays attention to the new legislation of December 2012 introduced into the BGB as a legal framework of male circumcision with regard to the right of freedom of religion and the parental rights in education especially for Jewish and Muslims in Germany.