This research project investigated the option of steelmaking with the ESS furnace by using computational modelling to estimate steady state decarburisation rates. It focused on understanding metallurgical phenomena that would dictate refining rates of molten pig iron with iron ore. The results obtained are aimed at designers and potential users of the furnace technology to improve their understanding of the expected steady-state process behaviour. A mass-and-energy-balance model with a decarburisation sub-model was developed to estimate feed material requirements for steady state operation. Modelling and simulation results suggest that it may not be possible to produce steel under the conditions proposed. However, the furnace still holds potential if ideal operational conditions are understood and applied. Modelling also gave insight into which areas areas of concern, such as bubble formation in the furnace’s channel induction heaters, and necessity for a well designed refractory lining to contain heat and allow the process to operate at a stable condition under the conditions proposed. Keywords: ESS furnace, steelmaking, metallurgical analysis, modelling, mass and energy balance, decarburisation kinetics / Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2020. / Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering / MEng / Unrestricted

The Garden Spa explores the healing and sensual qualities of a space. It offers a place of relaxation for the body to be restored through an atmosphere of tranquility. The spa rooms are an intimate place of rest, and the garden is a place to wander through sculptural forms. Curvilinear forms are used to bring pleasure to the eye and touch, creating harmonies with the body / Master of Architecture

Objectives: Determine if numbness differs in magnitude and duration between 10-, 15-, and 20-min ice bath immersions, when temperature was held constant. Design: Dependant variables; sensation of pressure (g), perceived pain (cm), and skin temperature (º C). A repeated measures 3 X 19 factorial guided this study. Conditions were 10-, 15-, and 20-min ice bath immersions. Measurement times were before immersion, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, and 20 min immersion, and 1.5, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 min postimmersion. Subjects: Eighteen college-aged volunteers. Measurements: Subjects participated in three ice bath immersions (10, 15, and 20 min). Sensation of pressure was tested over the anterior talofibular ligament prior to immersion, and 1.5, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 min postimmersion. Cold induced pain was recorded at baseline (prior to treatment), every 2 min during immersion (beginning with 1 min), immediately following foot removal (10, 15, and 20 min), and directly following each monofilament reading (1.5, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 min posttreatment). Water bath and skin temperature were recorded every min (baseline to 11 min postimmersion). ANOVA's and Tukey-Kramer multiple range tests were used to determine significance. Results: Water bath temperature was held constant at 1º C. Loss of sensation was greater following 20 min of immersion than 10 min of immersion at all postimmersion measurement times. The greatest loss of sensation was at 1.5 min following the 20-min immersion. Cold induced pain was greatest, in all conditions, during the first 5 min of immersion. Pain peaked at 1 min of immersion and declined sharply until 9 min after immersion. Postimmersion pain was significantly greater following 20 min of immersion than 10 or 15 min of immersion. Skin temperature did not differ among conditions at baseline or during immersion. Conclusions: Our research supports clinical recommendations of 12-20 min initial immersion during cryokinetics. There was no difference in water or skin temperature between groups; therefore, the increased magnitude and duration of numbness following 20-min immersion was due to the increased length of immersion. Prolonging immersion past the point of perceived numbness may be beneficial.

Queer theory emphasizes the circulation of power through sex-gender-sexuality systems to trace methods of normalization for the purposes of political intervention. Within literature, queer theory functions as a lens into historical gender and sexual ideologies. My thesis attempts to bridge queer theory with medieval studies to highlight queer and non-normative sensibilities within a particular medieval text: Chaucer's Canterbury Tales. Chaucer's Canterbury Tales develops characters who straddle the line between the queer and the licit, and he creates situations that disrupt the expected hetero-normative, masculine ideology of medieval England. Queering Canterbury explores how queer-gender, queer-bashing, queer humor, and the queynte function within Chaucer's Canterbury Tales while relating the overarching struggle for masculinity and power.

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Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att utreda om det föreligger ett samband mellan byte av verkställande direktör och nedskrivning av goodwill. Undersökningen sker under åren 2018, 2019 samt 2020. Nedskrivning av goodwill har tidigare ökat signifikant i samband med byte av verkställande direktör, vilket påvisar opportunistisk resultatmanipulering. Konjunktur och ekonomisk osäkerhet har också haft en påverkan på redovisningsupprättarnas opportunistiska beteende gällande goodwillnedskrivningar. Metod: Studiens frågeställning har besvarats genom en undersökning med kvantitativ metod. Korrelationstest samt regressionsanalys har gjorts för att testa hypoteser.  Resultat & slutsats: Resultat av de utförda statistiska testerna visade inget signifikant samband mellan byte av verkställande direktör och nedskrivning av goodwill.  Examensarbetets bidrag: Undersökningens resultat bidrar med att komplettera tidigare studiers slutsatser utifrån en svensk kontext under en period av ekonomisk nedgång. Tidigare forskning har fastställt opportunistiskt beteende hos nytillsatta verkställande direktörer, speciellt under ekonomisk kris. Ett sådant samband har inte funnits. Studien har därmed bidragit till en kompletterande syn på antaganden kring den nytillsatta verkställande direktören. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Tidigare studier har funnit en skillnad mellan länder. Förslag till vidare forskning kan vara att göra en mer omfattande studie där jämförelse mellan ett land med hög regelefterlevnad och låg regelefterlevnad görs.

Thirty-nine construction blasts were monitored by mobile and fixed seismic arrays to develop a crustal velocity model in the Bath County, Virginia locale (June-August, 1982). The results indicate an upper-layer with P and S velocities of 5.45 km/sec and 3.07 km/sec respectively, and a thickness 3 km. Data from the 2 most distant observing stations indicate a second layer with a P velocity of 6.04 km/sec. Based on other studies in Virginia, lower crustal layers with P and S velocities 6.05 km/sec and 3.52 km/sec (11.7 km thickness) and 6.53 km/sec and 3.84 km/sec (36.0 km thickness) and upper mantle velocities of 8.18 km/sec and 4.79 km/sec are assumed. These layers make up the discrete velocity layer model. The observed travel-time data cannot be distinguished from theoretical travel-times calculated from either of two other models utilizing linear increases in velocity with depth. The first of these models uses a linear increase in P velocity from 5.45 km/sec at the surface to 6.53 km/sec at 50.7 km depth. The surface VP/VS ratio of 1. 74 is assumed for this entire layer. Beneath this layer is the mantle with P and S velocities 8.18 km/sec and 4.79 km/sec. The second of these models uses a linear increase in P velocity from 5.45 km/sec at the surface to 6.05 km/sec at 14.7 km depth. The surface VP/VS ratio is again assumed for this layer. Beneath this layer is the 36.0 km thick 6.53 km/sec layer underlain by the mantle. A test of the locational capabilities of the Bath County Network utilizing construction and quarry blasts was carried out for the 3 different velocity models. All three models gave virtually identical locations. The tests indicate an average of less than 1 km epicentral and depth errors inside the network. On the edge of the network, accuracy degrades to 3 km epicentral error with poor depth control. The Bath County area is seismically quiescent. Portable seismographs recorded over 3,000 hours of low noise seismic data in June, July and August of 1982 and failed to detect any local earthquake activity. Network monitoring by a permanent 4 station microearthquake network from November 1978 to November 1982 resulted in 11 recorded events. Three of these events were too small to be located. The other 8 events were located using all 3 velocity models. The linear increase in velocity over mantle model was eliminated from further consideration due to poor performance in event location. The other two models gave virtually identical locations. For these two models, the events form an apparent east-west trend. Reliable focal wave polarities and SV/P amplitude ratios, mechanisms, using both P indicate one nodal plane striking east-west and dipping to the south. The other nodal plane, which defines the mode of faulting, is poorly constrained. / Master of Science

no abstract provided by author / Master of Science

Disease outbreaks have overwhelmed the aquaculture industry as a whole and have been catastrophic for many single operations. To minimize disease outbreaks, efforts are underway to enhance animal health and disease resistance to pathogens without the use of antibiotics. The overall purpose of this study was to explore a potential prophylactic, a novel antibody diet, for the bacterial pathogen, Aeromonas hydrophila, in tilapia. The tilapia were on an anti-interleukin-10 antibody diet as a neutralization of interleukin-10 (IL-10), an anti-inflammatory cytokine. The anti-inflammatory function of IL-10 has been shown to allow persistence of gastrointestinal pathogens. Tilapia were fed the novel diet and were challenged via bath immersion or oral gavage with A. hydrophila. Four trials of challenge studies were conducted. Clinical signs of the disease and survival were monitored post-challenge of the bacteria. Out of the 4 trials, one bath immersion trial showed significantly lower survival in the group fed the novel antibody diet (p=0.044) compared to the control fed group, after challenged with A. hydrophila. The other trials tested showed no significant differences in survival between diets. Among the survival percentages collected as a whole, it cannot be determined from in vivo results whether this anti-IL-10 diet is effective in preventing mortality from A. hydrophila in tilapia. Therefore, an in vitro study using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the neutralization capability of anti-IL-10 on IL-10 using tilapia splenocytes. Interferon-γ, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, was quantified in order to find a trend in expression of IL-10 in vitro in various tilapia cell treatments. The protocol for the ELISA study is under development being that the use of this antibody is novel and has never before been done in fish. / Master of Science in Life Sciences

This thesis investigation an project design were driven by the desire to develop an understanding of how architecture addresses the senses. Guided by the practice of a craft, the vestige of art, architectural history and precedent, and the physiology of the five senses, an idea for a thermal bath was expressed through material. This book is a record of that process. / Master of Architecture